{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T02:56:57Z","timestamp":1792637817778,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,4]],"date-time":"2022-04-04T01:45:47Z","timestamp":1649036747000},"page":"237-243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Effective differentiation between depressed patients and controls using discriminative eye movement features"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"307","author":[{"given":"Dan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihua","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangyang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengqing","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenying","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HaiChun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"TianHong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jijun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2012.04.019","article-title":"Simple viewing tests can detect eye movement abnormalities that distinguish schizophrenia cases from controls with exceptional accuracy","volume":"72","author":"Benson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-014-0549-x","article-title":"Emotional information processing in depression and burnout: an eye-tracking study","volume":"265","author":"Bianchi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361319882861","article-title":"Oculomotor behavior in children with autism spectrum disorders","volume":"24","author":"Caldani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Autism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0105355","article-title":"Saccadic eye movements in depressed elderly patients","volume":"9","author":"Carvalho","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.01809","article-title":"Eye movement in unipolar and bipolar depression: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"6","author":"Carvalho","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2013.01.015","article-title":"Deficits in cue detection underlie event-based prospective memory impairment in major depression: an eye tracking study","volume":"209","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.05.061","article-title":"Depression and anxiety among adolescents during COVID-19: a cross-sectional study","volume":"88","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2003.10.008","article-title":"Effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on saccades in depression: a pilot study","volume":"135","author":"Crevits","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.03.058","article-title":"Classifying major depression patients and healthy controls using EEG, eye tracking and galvanic skin response data","volume":"251","author":"Ding","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f7140","article-title":"Medicalising unhappiness: new classification of depression risks more patients being put on drug treatment from which they will not benefit","volume":"347","author":"Dowrick","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1080\/00048670903107542","article-title":"Sinusoidal smooth pursuit eye tracking at different stimulus frequencies: position error and velocity error before catch-up saccades in schizophrenia and in major depressive disorder","volume":"43","author":"Fabisch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291797005709","article-title":"Smooth pursuit eye movements in schizophrenia and affective disorder","volume":"27","author":"Flechtner","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/s004060200011","article-title":"Smooth pursuit eye movements of patients with schizophrenia and affective disorder during clinical treatment","volume":"252","author":"Flechtner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0070","first-page":"1517","article-title":"Depression is the leading cause of disability around the world","volume":"317","author":"Friedrich","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13048","article-title":"Machine learning in major depression: from classification to treatment outcome prediction","volume":"24","author":"Gao","year":"2018","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.23.1.56","article-title":"A rating scale for depression","volume":"23","author":"Hamilton","year":"1960","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.55.12.1379","article-title":"Disparities in the adequacy of depression treatment in the United States","volume":"55","author":"Harman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Serv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2008.10.031","article-title":"Response suppression deficits in treatment-na\u00efve first-episode patients with schizophrenia, psychotic bipolar disorder and psychotic major depression","volume":"170","author":"Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0095","article-title":"Increases in depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"1\u20139","author":"Hawes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2013.01.004","article-title":"Risk factors for suicide in individuals with depression: a systematic review","volume":"147","author":"Hawton","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0064937","article-title":"Predicting cognitive state from eye movements","volume":"8","author":"Henderson","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2020.09.017","article-title":"Effective schizophrenia recognition using discriminative eye movement features and model-metric based features","volume":"138","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pattern Recog. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2020.1865566","article-title":"Fixation stability as a biomarker for differentiating mild traumatic brain injury from age matched controls in pediatrics","volume":"35","author":"Hunfalvay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Inj."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1080\/14640749508401407","article-title":"Pupil dilation as a measure of processing load in simultaneous interpretation and other language tasks","volume":"48","author":"Hy\u00f6n\u00e4","year":"1995","journal-title":"Q. J. Exp. Psychol. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-01076-w","article-title":"Switch from ambient to focal processing mode explains the dynamics of free viewing eye movements","volume":"7","author":"Ito","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2008.07.004","article-title":"Time course of selective attention in clinically depressed young adults: an eye tracking study","volume":"46","author":"Kellough","year":"2008","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0135","article-title":"The Neurology of Eye Movements, fifth ed","author":"Leigh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oxford University Press, New York"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0140","first-page":"326","article-title":"Eye movement indices in the study of depressive disorder","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Shanghai Arch. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1937","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329171900120X","article-title":"The process and delivery of CBT for depression in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"L\u00f3pez-L\u00f3pez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867416634208","article-title":"Stimulants for depression: on the up and up?","volume":"50","author":"Malhi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1159\/000345968","article-title":"Clinician-identified depression in community settings: concordance with structured-interview diagnoses","volume":"82","author":"Mojtabai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychother. Psychosom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.16910\/jemr.6.2.1","article-title":"Eye movements in gaze interaction","volume":"6","author":"M\u00f8llenbach","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Eye Mov. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)00660-2","article-title":"Using transcranial magnetic stimulation to probe decision-making and memory","volume":"171","author":"M\u00fcri","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0170","article-title":"Saccadic eye movement in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Opwonya","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuropsychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0175","series-title":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP). IEEE","first-page":"2184","article-title":"Depression detection based on reaction time and eye movement","author":"Pan","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(03)42003-7","article-title":"Cortical control of ocular saccades in humans: a model for motricity","volume":"142","author":"Pierrot-Deseilligny","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prog. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.09.015","article-title":"Adolescent and adult differences in major depression symptom profiles","volume":"243","author":"Rice","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E13","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.150045","article-title":"Eye-tracking reveals a slowdown of social context processing during intention attribution in patients with schizophrenia","volume":"41","author":"Roux","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Psychiatry Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1002\/da.1033","article-title":"Reliability and validity of a structured interview guide for the Hamilton anxiety rating scale (SIGH-A)","volume":"13","author":"Shear","year":"2001","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"issue":"Suppl. 20","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0200","first-page":"22","article-title":"The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10","volume":"59","author":"Sheehan","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0205","first-page":"493","article-title":"Evaluation of the reliability and validity of chinese version of the mini-international neuropsychiatric interview in patients with mental disorders","volume":"23","author":"Si","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chin. Ment. Health J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0210","article-title":"Prediction of depression symptoms in individual subjects with face and eye movement tracking","volume":"1\u20139","author":"Stolicyn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16111961","article-title":"The influence of social support and care burden on depression among caregivers of patients with severe mental illness in rural areas of Sichuan, China","volume":"16","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0220","series-title":"Objective Physiological and Behavioral Measures for Identifying and Tracking Depression State in Clinically Depressed Patients","author":"Sung","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0225","series-title":"Using Multivariate Statistics","author":"Tabachnick","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.673443","article-title":"Eye movement abnormalities in major depressive disorder","volume":"12","author":"Takahashi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0235","article-title":"Detecting depression through gait data: examining the contribution of gait features in recognizing depression","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0240","article-title":"The similar eye movement dysfunction between major depressive disorder, bipolar depression and bipolar mania","volume":"1\u201314","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"World J. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.13188","article-title":"Recent updates of eye movement abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia: a scoping review","volume":"75","author":"Wolf","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0250","series-title":"Eye movement Disorders","author":"Wong","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb9000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.58.1.55","article-title":"The quality of care for depressive and anxiety disorders in the United States","volume":"58","author":"Young","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2337","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-020-04796-6","article-title":"Eye movement especially vertical oculomotor impairment as an aid to assess Parkinson's disease","volume":"42","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1109\/TNB.2020.2990690","article-title":"An improved classification model for depression detection using EEG and eye tracking data","volume":"19","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Nanobioscience"}],"container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032722003251?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032722003251?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T03:06:29Z","timestamp":1759028789000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165032722003251"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"references-count":53,"alternative-id":["S0165032722003251"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-0327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-0327","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effective differentiation between depressed patients and controls using discriminative eye movement features","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Affective Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2022.03.077","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}