{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T22:21:53Z","timestamp":1792794113634,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":221,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R34MH126965"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R34MH126965"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T11:50:23Z","timestamp":1751975423000},"page":"119842","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Adapting digital anxiety treatments to reduce anorexia nervosa relapse"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"390","author":[{"given":"Cheri A.","family":"Levinson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah F.","family":"Fitterman-Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abigail","family":"McCarthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachary D.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle G.","family":"Craske","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0005","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2020.10.001","article-title":"Maximizing the impact of virtual reality exposure therapy for anxiety disorders","volume":"36","author":"Anderson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Psychol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7894(89)80073-5","article-title":"Behavioral treatment of panic disorder","volume":"20","author":"Barlow","year":"1989","journal-title":"Behav. Ther."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23728","article-title":"Core eating disorder fears: prevalence and differences in eating disorder fears across eating disorder diagnoses","volume":"55","author":"Brown","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Eat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2020.101851","article-title":"Exposure therapy for eating disorders: a systematic review","volume":"78","author":"Butler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.newideapsych.2022.100964","article-title":"An integrated review of fear and avoidance learning in anxiety disorders and application to eating disorders","volume":"67","author":"Christian","year":"2022","journal-title":"New Ideas Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2023.104364","article-title":"Measuring the active elements of cognitive-behavioral therapies","volume":"167","author":"Cohen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2007.10.003","article-title":"Optimizing inhibitory learning during exposure therapy","volume":"46","author":"Craske","year":"2008","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2014.04.006","article-title":"Maximizing exposure therapy: an inhibitory learning approach","volume":"58","author":"Craske","year":"2014","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1037\/ccp0000396","article-title":"Positive affect treatment for depression and anxiety: a randomized clinical trial for a core feature of anhedonia","volume":"87","author":"Craske","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Consult. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2022.104069","article-title":"Optimizing exposure therapy with an inhibitory retrieval approach and the OptEx Nexus","volume":"152","author":"Craske","year":"2022","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.newideapsych.2022.100937","article-title":"New directions in research on somatic concerns in individuals with eating disorders","volume":"66","author":"Cusack","year":"2022","journal-title":"New Ideas Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.09.106","article-title":"The structure of eating disorder and somatic symptoms","volume":"319","author":"Cusack","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.15m10393","article-title":"Recovery from anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa at 22-year follow-up","volume":"78","author":"Eddy","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1080\/10926771.2020.1832168","article-title":"Prevalence estimates of comorbid eating disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder: a quantitative synthesis","volume":"31","author":"Ferrell","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Aggress. Maltreat. Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.24147","article-title":"Comparisons between atypical anorexia nervosa and anorexia nervosa: psychological and comorbidity patterns","author":"Fitterman-Harris","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Eat. Disord."},{"issue":"CHI PLAY","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3474685","article-title":"The potential of video game streaming as exposure therapy for social anxiety","volume":"5","author":"Frommel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0145","series-title":"American Psychological Association Handbook of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Overview and Approaches","first-page":"275","article-title":"Exposure therapy","volume":"vol. 1","author":"Garner","year":"2021"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17020414","article-title":"The unholy trinity: childhood trauma, adulthood anxiety, and long-term pain","volume":"17","author":"Kascakova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2215","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.12.2215","article-title":"Comorbidity of anxiety disorders with anorexia and bulimia nervosa","volume":"161","author":"Kaye","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2015.00189","article-title":"Avoidance learning: a review of theoretical models and recent developments","volume":"9","author":"Krypotos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Behav. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2011.11.006","article-title":"Social anxiety and eating disorder comorbidity: the role of negative social evaluation fears","volume":"13","author":"Levinson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eat. Behav."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1960","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23382","article-title":"Eating disorder fear networks: identification of central eating disorder fears","volume":"53","author":"Levinson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Eat. Disord."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22890","article-title":"Social anxiety and eating disorder comorbidity and underlying vulnerabilities: using network analysis to conceptualize comorbidity","volume":"51","author":"Levinson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Eat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2019.101320","article-title":"Development and validation of the eating disorder fear questionnaire and interview: preliminary investigation of eating disorder fears","volume":"35","author":"Levinson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eat. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.075","article-title":"Eating disorder symptoms and core eating disorder fears decrease during online imaginal exposure therapy for eating disorders","volume":"276","author":"Levinson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0200","series-title":"Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning","first-page":"403","article-title":"Avoidance learning","author":"Maia","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2021.102115","article-title":"Exposure therapy for PTSD: a meta-analysis","volume":"91","author":"McLean","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1002\/da.21891","article-title":"The anxiety spectrum and the reflex physiology of defense: from circumscribed fear to broad distress","volume":"29","author":"McTeague","year":"2012","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-023-00745-8","article-title":"Transdiagnostic fears and avoidance behaviors in self-reported eating disorders","volume":"11","author":"Melles","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Eat. Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-023-00801-3","article-title":"Eating disorder outcomes: findings from a rapid review of over a decade of research","volume":"11","author":"Miskovic-Wheatley","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Eat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.06.013","article-title":"PTSD, food addiction, and disordered eating in a sample of primarily older veterans: the mediating role of emotion regulation","volume":"243","author":"Mitchell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20965","article-title":"Comorbidity of partial and subthreshold ptsd among men and women with eating disorders in the national comorbidity survey-replication study","volume":"45","author":"Mitchell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Eat. Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2020.11.006","article-title":"Current therapeutic approaches to anorexia nervosa: state of the art","volume":"43","author":"Muratore","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0240","first-page":"567","article-title":"Two decades of digital interventions for anxiety disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of treatment effectiveness","volume":"53","author":"Pauley","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-022-00671-1","article-title":"Models of care for eating disorders: findings from a rapid review","volume":"10","author":"Pehlivan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Eat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.03.015","article-title":"The role of associative fear and avoidance learning in anxiety disorders: gaps and directions for future research","volume":"88","author":"Pittig","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2011.08.0152","article-title":"Review of exposure therapy: a gold standard for PTSD treatment","volume":"49","author":"Rauch","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Rehabil. Res. Dev."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1037\/ccp0000134","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of prolonged exposure using imaginal exposure vs. virtual reality exposure in active duty soldiers with deployment-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)","volume":"84","author":"Reger","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Consult. Clin. Psychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/32430","article-title":"A novel peer-to-peer coaching program to support digital mental health: design and implementation","volume":"9","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2022","journal-title":"JMIR Mental Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0180298","article-title":"The moderating role of avoidance behavior on anxiety over time: is there a difference between social anxiety disorder and specific phobia?","volume":"12","author":"Rudaz","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2023.01.002","article-title":"Predictors of relapse in eating disorders: a meta-analysis","volume":"158","author":"Sala","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-4080","article-title":"Physical and psychological morbidity in adolescents with atypical anorexia nervosa","volume":"137","author":"Sawyer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12984","article-title":"Anxiety disorder symptoms at age 10 predict eating disorder symptoms and diagnoses in adolescence","volume":"60","author":"Schaumberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2020.101952","article-title":"Conceptualizing eating disorder psychopathology using an anxiety disorders framework: evidence and implications for exposure-based clinical research","volume":"83","author":"Schaumberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.10008","article-title":"A meta-analytic examination of the relationship between child sexual abuse and eating disorders","volume":"31","author":"Smolak","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Eat. Disord."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.09.023","article-title":"Imbalance of approach and avoidance: the yin and yang of anxiety disorders","volume":"66","author":"Stein","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2018.03.021","article-title":"Running from fear: exercise modulation of fear extinction","volume":"151","author":"Tanner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Learn. Mem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-022-00720-9","article-title":"Medical complications and management of atypical anorexia nervosa","volume":"10","author":"Vo","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Eat. Disord."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb4000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23856","article-title":"A systematic review comparing atypical anorexia nervosa and anorexia nervosa","volume":"56","author":"Walsh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Eat. Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-023-07441-7","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial on using predictive algorithm to adapt level of psychological care for community college students: STAND triaging and adapting to level of care study protocol","volume":"24","author":"Wen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842_bb0340","article-title":"A novel and integrated digitally supported system of care for depression and anxiety: findings from an open trial","volume":"10","author":"Wolitzky-Taylor","year":"2023","journal-title":"JMIR Mental Health"}],"container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032725012844?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032725012844?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T14:09:28Z","timestamp":1779718168000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165032725012844"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["S0165032725012844"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-0327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-0327","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Adapting digital anxiety treatments to reduce anorexia nervosa relapse","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Affective Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119842","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"119842"}}