{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T02:59:17Z","timestamp":1788836357437,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":232,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UM1AI068613"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1AI068613"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UM1AI068619"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1AI068619"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UM1AI068617"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1AI068617"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21HD106583"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21HD106583"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH087118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH087118"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R34MH130232"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R34MH130232"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH135098"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH135098"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH110186"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH110186"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32AI070114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32AI070114"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T11:38:13Z","timestamp":1752579493000},"page":"119924","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The relationship between household economic shocks, depression, and elevated stress-responsive biomarkers among adolescent girls and young women in rural South Africa (HPTN 068)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"391","author":[{"given":"Nivedita L.","family":"Bhushan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Madson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole K.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Kahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F. Xavier","family":"Gomez-Olive","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison E.","family":"Aiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura Danielle","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey E.","family":"Pettifor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie C.D.","family":"Stoner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-008-9358-4","article-title":"Population levels of psychological stress, herpesvirus reactivation and HIV","volume":"14","author":"Aiello","year":"2010","journal-title":"AIDS Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2023.106270","article-title":"Shocks and mental health: panel data evidence from South Africa","volume":"168","author":"Alem","year":"2023","journal-title":"World Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1080\/00220388.2015.1134777","article-title":"Can social protection affect psychosocial wellbeing and why does this matter? Lessons from cash transfers in sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"52","author":"Attah","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dev. Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0020","article-title":"Depression and exposure to violence among Venda and Northern Sotho adolescents in South Africa","volume":"13","author":"Bach","year":"2010","journal-title":"Afr. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0025","first-page":"370","article-title":"Income shocks and adolescent mental health","volume":"48","author":"Baird","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Hum. Resour."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1080\/17450128.2016.1198854","article-title":"High prevalence of depression symptomology among adolescents in Soweto, South Africa associated with being female and cofactors relating to HIV transmission","volume":"11","author":"Barhafumwa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vulnerable children and youth studies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0035","series-title":"A Rigorous Review of Programme Impact and the Role of Design and Implementation Features","article-title":"Cash transfers: what does the evidence say","volume":"vol. 1","author":"Bastagli","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0040","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and associations with mental health, substance use, and violence perpetration among young adults in sub-Saharan Africa","author":"Brown","year":"2023","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0045","series-title":"Elevated C-Reactive Protein in Children from Risky Neighborhoods: Evidence for a Stress Pathway Linking Neighborhoods and Inflammation in Children","author":"Broyles","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1080\/03768350500322925","article-title":"The reach and impact of Child Support Grants: evidence from KwaZulu-Natal","volume":"22","author":"Case","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dev. South. Afr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.01.007","article-title":"The associations between psychosocial stress and the frequency of illness, and innate and adaptive immune function in children","volume":"22","author":"Caserta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0060","author":"Cash Transfers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2020.07.004","article-title":"Determining effects of adolescent stress exposure on risk for posttraumatic stress disorder in adulthood","volume":"36","author":"Chaby","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000351","article-title":"Psychological stress during childhood and adolescence and its association with inflammation across the lifespan: a critical review and meta-analysis","volume":"148","author":"Chiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2020.113194","article-title":"Parenting, mental health and economic pathways to prevention of violence against children in South Africa","volume":"262","author":"Cluver","year":"2020","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1177\/1099800418779214","article-title":"Chronic stress in children and adolescents: a review of biomarkers for use in pediatric research","volume":"20","author":"Condon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol. Res. Nurs."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2011.592","article-title":"Prevalence of child mental health problems in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review","volume":"166","author":"Cortina","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0154478","article-title":"Mental health inequalities in adolescents growing up in post-apartheid South Africa: cross-sectional survey, SHaW study","volume":"11","author":"Das-Munshi","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.2020.v110i2.13929","article-title":"Pathways from witnessing community violence to mental health problems among South African adolescents","volume":"110","author":"Donenberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"S. Afr. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0100","first-page":"1526","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder in children exposed to violence","volume":"87","author":"Ensink","year":"1997","journal-title":"S. Afr. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2019.01.014","article-title":"The parent trap: cash transfers and the intergenerational transmission of depressive symptoms in South Africa","volume":"117","author":"Eyal","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1037\/a0028595","article-title":"Childhood adversity and herpesvirus latency in breast cancer survivors","volume":"32","author":"Fagundes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Health Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181921b1f","article-title":"A preliminary study of daily interpersonal stress and C-reactive protein levels among adolescents from Latin American and European backgrounds","volume":"71","author":"Fuligni","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1080\/17441692.2016.1214281","article-title":"An exploratory analysis of factors associated with depression in a vulnerable group of young people living in informal settlements in South Africa","volume":"13","author":"Gibbs","year":"2018","journal-title":"Glob. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00870312","article-title":"Stress, loneliness, and changes in herpesvirus latency","volume":"8","author":"Glaser","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Behav. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwz238","article-title":"Depression and Incident HIV in Adolescent Girls and Young Women in HIV Prevention Trials Network 068: Targets for Prevention and Mediating Factors","volume":"189","author":"Goin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1375","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30374-2","article-title":"Burden of non-communicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa, 1990\u20132017: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"7","author":"Gouda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1080\/00220388.2019.1650170","article-title":"\u2018That child support Grant gives me powers\u2019 \u2013 exploring social and relational aspects of cash transfers in South Africa in times of livelihood change","volume":"56","author":"Granlund","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dev. Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3402\/jom.v5i0.22766","article-title":"Herpesviruses: Latency and reactivation \u2013 viral strategies and host response","volume":"5","author":"Grinde","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Oral Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2007.068460","article-title":"Food insecurity, stressful life events and symptoms of anxiety and depression in east Africa: evidence from the Gilgel Gibe growth and development study","volume":"62","author":"Hadley","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol. Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-027047","article-title":"Perspectives of adolescent and young adults on poverty-related stressors: a qualitative study in Ghana, Malawi and Tanzania","volume":"9","author":"Hall","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2007.00997.x","article-title":"Sex differences in adolescent depression: stress exposure and reactivity models","volume":"78","author":"Hankin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Child Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1080\/13575279.2019.1604492","article-title":"Stress and coping: considering the influence of psychological strengths on the mental health of at-risk South African adolescents","volume":"27","author":"Harrison","year":"2021","journal-title":"Child Care Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2018.07.026","article-title":"Effect of childhood poverty and trauma on adult depressive symptoms among young men in Peri-urban South African settlements","volume":"64","author":"Hatcher","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Adolesc. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000644","article-title":"Comparison of three models of adverse childhood experiences: associations with child and adolescent internalizing and externalizing symptoms","volume":"130","author":"Henry","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.01.023","article-title":"Poverty and perceived stress: evidence from two unconditional cash transfer programs in Zambia","volume":"177","author":"Hjelm","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.115.2.291","article-title":"The ABCs of depression: integrating affective, biological, and cognitive models to explain the emergence of the gender difference in depression","volume":"115","author":"Hyde","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0195","series-title":"The Relationship between Conflicts, Economic Shocks, and Death with Depression, Economic Activities, and Human Capital Investment in Nigeria","author":"Jamison","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3402\/ejpt.v6.28706","article-title":"The \u201ctreatment gap\u201d in global mental health reconsidered: sociotherapy for collective trauma in Rwanda","volume":"6","author":"Jansen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Psychotraumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0251689","article-title":"The prevalence of mental health problems in sub-Saharan adolescents: a systematic review","volume":"16","author":"J\u00f6rns-Presentati","year":"2021","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0210","series-title":"West African Youth Challenges and Opportunity Pathways","first-page":"233","article-title":"Burden, drivers, and impacts of poor mental health in young people of west and Central Africa: implications for research and programming","author":"Juma","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys115","article-title":"Profile: Agincourt health and socio-demographic surveillance system","volume":"41","author":"Kahn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/00207640241239535","article-title":"Trajectories of intimate partner violence and their relationship to stress among young women in South Africa: an HPTN 068 study","author":"Kelly","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Soc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s13034-019-0273-4","article-title":"Utilizing a family-based economic strengthening intervention to improve mental health wellbeing among female adolescent orphans in Uganda","volume":"13","author":"Kivumbi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Child Adolesc. Psychiatry Ment. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.4314\/ajpsy.v9i3.30217","article-title":"The prevalence of mental disorders among children, adolescents and adults in the Western Cape, South Africa","volume":"9","author":"Kleintjes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Afr. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2019.04.028","article-title":"Early life adversity exposure and circulating markers of inflammation in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"86","author":"Kuhlman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003698","article-title":"Effectiveness of cash-plus programmes on early childhood outcomes compared to cash transfers alone: a systematic review and meta-analysis in low- and middle-income countries","volume":"18","author":"Little","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31828d3f1d","article-title":"Elevated C-reactive protein in adolescents: roles of stress and coping","volume":"75","author":"Low","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/s10935-014-0343-6","article-title":"Use of HIV and HSV-2 biomarkers in sub-Saharan adolescent prevention research: a comparison of two approaches","volume":"35","author":"Luseno","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Primary Prevent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2023.101403","article-title":"Impacts of cash transfer and \u201ccash plus\u201d programs on self- perceived stress in Africa: evidence from Ghana, Malawi, and Tanzania","volume":"22","author":"Maara","year":"2023","journal-title":"SSM - Population Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2019.00080","article-title":"Differential associations of deprivation and threat with cognitive control and fear conditioning in early childhood","volume":"13","author":"Machlin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0265","first-page":"35","article-title":"Depression in childhood and adolescence","volume":"22","author":"Maughan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Can. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-021-01252-z","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of cash transfers on subjective well-being and mental health in low-and middle-income countries","volume":"6","author":"McGuire","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691621992346","article-title":"The value of dimensional models of early experience: thinking clearly about concepts and categories","volume":"16","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Perspect. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2016.08.016","article-title":"Pathways from family disadvantage via abusive parenting and caregiver mental health to adolescent health risks in South Africa","volume":"60","author":"Meinck","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Adolesc. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000331","article-title":"Dimensions of deprivation and threat, psychopathology, and potential mediators: a multi-year longitudinal analysis","volume":"127","author":"Miller","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"005","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-2727.176228","article-title":"Human herpesviruses as copathogens of HIV infection, their role in HIV transmission, and disease progression","volume":"8","author":"Munawwar","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Lab. Physicians."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-2652-13-44","article-title":"Associations between depressive symptoms, sexual behaviour and relationship characteristics: a prospective cohort study of young women and men in the Eastern Cape, South Africa","volume":"13","author":"Nduna","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Int. AIDS Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0300","series-title":"Child Behavioral Health in Sub-Saharan Africa","first-page":"19","article-title":"Poverty and children\u2019s mental, emotional, and behavioral health in sub-Saharan Africa","author":"Nyoni","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7231","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.12.7231","article-title":"Social stress and the reactivation of latent herpes simplex virus type 1","volume":"95","author":"Padgett","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60368-7","article-title":"Mental health of young people: a global public-health challenge","volume":"369","author":"Patel","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(02)00494-4","article-title":"Stress as a predictor of symptomatic genital herpes virus recurrence in women with human immunodeficiency virus","volume":"54","author":"Pereira","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-015-1270-0","article-title":"HPTN 068: a randomized control trial of a conditional cash transfer to reduce HIV infection in young women in South Africa\u2014study design and baseline results","volume":"20","author":"Pettifor","year":"2016","journal-title":"AIDS Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.02.021","article-title":"The contribution of different forms of violence exposure to internalizing and externalizing symptoms among young South African adolescents","volume":"45","author":"du Plessis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwac093","article-title":"Effects of adolescent-focused integrated social protection on depression: a pragmatic cluster-randomized controlled trial of Tanzania\u2019s cash plus intervention","volume":"191","author":"Prencipe","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2000.0367","article-title":"A novel link between stress and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection: sympathetic hyperactivity stimulates HCMV activation","volume":"272","author":"Pr\u00f6sch","year":"2000","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2014.01.012","article-title":"Consistent associations between measures of psychological stress and CMV antibody levels in a large occupational sample","volume":"38","author":"Rector","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-17565-9","article-title":"Systematic review of cash plus or bundled interventions targeting adolescents in Africa to reduce HIV risk","volume":"24","author":"Rogers","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0350","article-title":"Impact of extreme weather events on Sub-Saharan African child and adolescent mental health: the implications of a systematic review of sparse research findings\u2730","volume":"5","author":"Rother","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clim. Change Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000102","article-title":"Gender differences in depression in representative national samples: meta-analyses of diagnoses and symptoms","volume":"143","author":"Salk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1080\/00220388.2015.1134773","article-title":"\u2018Being able to breathe again\u2019: the effects of cash transfer programmes on psychosocial wellbeing","volume":"52","author":"Samuels","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dev. Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.13267","article-title":"Threat and deprivation are associated with distinct aspects of cognition, emotional processing and psychopathology in children and adolescents","volume":"26","author":"Sch\u00e4fer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dev. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2022.101098","article-title":"Mental health and life-course shocks in a low-income country: evidence from Malawi","volume":"19","author":"Scheve","year":"2022","journal-title":"SSM - Population Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2470547017715645","article-title":"Chronic stress in adolescents and its neurobiological and psychopathological consequences: an RDoC perspective","volume":"1","author":"Sheth","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chronic Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2963","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0806660106","article-title":"Early childhood stress is associated with elevated antibody levels to herpes simplex virus type 1","volume":"106","author":"Shirtcliff","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2022.307169","article-title":"Economic empowerment, HIV risk behavior, and mental health among school-going adolescent girls in Uganda: longitudinal cluster-randomized controlled trial, 2017\u20132022","volume":"113","author":"Ssewamala","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1192\/bjpo.bp.117.004861","article-title":"Exposure to violence and mental health of adolescents: South African health and well-being study","volume":"3","author":"Stansfeld","year":"2017","journal-title":"BJPsych open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000003149","article-title":"Relationships between stress-responsive biomarkers, ART adherence, and viral suppression among adolescent girls and young women living with HIV in South Africa: an HPTN 068 analysis","volume":"92","author":"Stoner","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAIDS J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-090419-102442","article-title":"Cash transfers and health","volume":"42","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2018.07.011","article-title":"Strength in diversity: understanding the pathways to herpes simplex virus reactivation","volume":"522","author":"Suzich","year":"2018","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60871-4","article-title":"Depression in adolescence","volume":"379","author":"Thapar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-6866.2005.00367.x","article-title":"The Child Support Grant in South Africa: a social policy for poverty alleviation?","volume":"14","author":"Triegaardt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Soc. Welfare"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.22.2131","article-title":"Elevated C-reactive protein levels in overweight and obese adults","volume":"282","author":"Visser","year":"1999","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.7.4.297","article-title":"Exposure to violence and its relationship to psychopathology in adolescents","volume":"7","author":"Ward","year":"2001","journal-title":"Inj. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-8606.2011.00222.x","article-title":"The effects of large-scale economic change and policies on children\u2019s developmental contexts and developmental outcomes","volume":"6","author":"Weiland","year":"2012","journal-title":"Child Dev. Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2021.04.003","article-title":"A systematic review of the association between biological markers and environmental stress risk factors for adolescent depression","volume":"138","author":"Zajkowska","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s13034-024-00727-x","article-title":"Childhood adversity and psychopathology: the dimensions of timing, type and chronicity in a population-based sample of high-risk adolescents","volume":"18","author":"Zarchev","year":"2024","journal-title":"Child Adolesc. Psychiatry Ment. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2020-004661","article-title":"The impact of cash transfers on mental health in children and young people in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Zimmerman","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Glob. Health"}],"container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032725013667?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032725013667?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T05:07:57Z","timestamp":1779858477000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165032725013667"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":88,"alternative-id":["S0165032725013667"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-0327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-0327","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The relationship between household economic shocks, depression, and elevated stress-responsive biomarkers among adolescent girls and young women in rural South Africa (HPTN 068)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Affective Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119924","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"119924"}}