{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T03:33:36Z","timestamp":1792726416192,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005036","name":"Universitetet i Bergen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005036","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010586","name":"Haukeland\u00a0Universitetssjukehus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010586","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T15:10:44Z","timestamp":1779376244000},"page":"121941","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Emotion regulation difficulties in adults with ADHD and associations with insomnia symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"411","author":[{"given":"Lin","family":"S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camille","family":"Hjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Elfrida","family":"Vollsund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Flo-Groeneboom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel A.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ane M.","family":"T\u00f8mmeraas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Holmen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen P.","family":"Becker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edmund J.S.","family":"Sonuga-Barke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f8rn","family":"Bjorvatn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian K.","family":"Tamnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/s12207-017-9293-7","article-title":"Characteristics of ADHD in the emerging adult: an overview","volume":"10","author":"Abecassis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychol. Inj. Law"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1080\/10401230600801077","article-title":"Validity of pilot Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) to rate adult ADHD symptoms","volume":"18","author":"Adler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0015","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1080\/07420528.2024.2444677","article-title":"Insomnia in adolescent epidemiological studies: to what extent can the symptoms be explained by circadian factors?","volume":"42","author":"Arnesen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chronobiol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.55.5.469","article-title":"Emerging adulthood. A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties","volume":"55","author":"Arnett","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(14)00080-7","article-title":"The new life stage of emerging adulthood at ages 18\u201329 years: implications for mental health","volume":"1","author":"Arnett","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.14001","article-title":"Interactions between insomnia, sleep duration and emotional processes: an ecological momentary assessment of longitudinal influences combining self-report and physiological measures","volume":"33","author":"Baglioni","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Sleep Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0040","first-page":"3","article-title":"Gender and survey participation: an event history analysis of the gender effects of survey participation in a probability-based multi-wave panel study with a sequential mixed-mode design","volume":"16","author":"Becker","year":"2022","journal-title":"Methods Data Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2019.09.006","article-title":"ADHD and sleep: recent advances and future directions","volume":"34","author":"Becker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13235","article-title":"Impact of sleep restriction on affective functioning in adolescents with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"61","author":"Becker","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13994","article-title":"ADHD, chronotype, and circadian preference in a multi-site sample of college students","volume":"33","author":"Becker","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Sleep Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.14030","article-title":"Later (\u201cevening\u201d) circadian preference is associated with poorer executive, academic, and attentional functioning in adolescents with and without ADHD","volume":"66","author":"Becker","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-021-01904-8","article-title":"Emotional dysregulation and health related quality of life in young adults with ADHD: a cross sectional study","volume":"19","author":"Ben-Dor Cohen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Qual. Life Outcomes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2016.10.005","article-title":"Insomnia heterogeneity: characteristics to consider for data-driven multivariate subtyping","volume":"36","author":"Benjamins","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0075","series-title":"Adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder report high symptom levels of troubled sleep, restless legs, and cataplexy","author":"Bjorvatn","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.639198","article-title":"Insomnia \u2013 a heterogenic disorder often comorbid with psychological and somatic disorders and diseases: a narrative review with focus on diagnostic and treatment challenges","volume":"12","author":"Bjorvatn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12756","article-title":"Prevalence and clinical correlates of insomnia in adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder","volume":"136","author":"Brevik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/31.4.473","article-title":"Prevalence, course, and comorbidity of insomnia and depression in young adults","volume":"31","author":"Buysse","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0095","series-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s12402-016-0214-5","article-title":"A systematic review of circadian function, chronotype and chronotherapy in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder","volume":"9","author":"Coogan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Atten. Defic. Hyperact. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0105","first-page":"894","article-title":"Sleep in children with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: meta-analysis of subjective and objective studies","volume":"48","author":"Cortese","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.02.014","article-title":"Sleep in adults with ADHD: systematic review and meta-analysis of subjective and objective studies","volume":"89","author":"D\u00edaz-Rom\u00e1n","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-025-06875-4","article-title":"The relationship between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder emotion regulation difficulties and sleep quality in adults: a cross sectional study","volume":"25","author":"Dolapoglu","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S76","DOI":"10.37765\/ajmc.2020.42769","article-title":"Insomnia overview: epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and monitoring, and nonpharmacologic therapy","volume":"26","author":"Dopheide","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Manag. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13928","article-title":"Hyperarousal in insomnia disorder: current evidence and potential mechanisms","volume":"32","author":"Dressle","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Sleep Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12899","article-title":"Practitioner review: emotional dysregulation in attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder \u2013 implications for clinical recognition and intervention","volume":"60","author":"Faraone","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/S2045796019000817","article-title":"Transitional care for young adults with ADHD: transforming potential upheaval into smooth progression","volume":"29","author":"Ford","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Psychiatr. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.07.029","article-title":"Construct validity and factor structure of the difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale among adults with severe mental illness","volume":"58","author":"Fowler","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4247","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-024-02466-y","article-title":"The use of telehealth in attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: a survey of parents and caregivers","volume":"33","author":"Galvin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOBA.0000007455.08539.94","article-title":"Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale","volume":"26","author":"Gratz","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Psychopathol. Behav. Assess."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2016.1183499","article-title":"ADHD and sleep quality: longitudinal analyses from childhood to early adulthood in a twin cohort","volume":"46","author":"Gregory","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Child Adolesc. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2008.05.004","article-title":"Transdiagnostic emotion regulation processes in bipolar disorder and insomnia","volume":"46","author":"Gruber","year":"2008","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(01)00061-4","article-title":"A cognitive model of insomnia","volume":"40","author":"Harvey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.25m15846","article-title":"Validity of an online assessment of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder among a real-world sample of adults seeking web-based mental health care","volume":"86","author":"Herman","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2014.11.006","article-title":"Assessing cognitive processes related to insomnia: a review and measurement guide for Harvey\u2019s cognitive model for the maintenance of insomnia","volume":"23","author":"Hiller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0180","first-page":"97","article-title":"A self-assessment questionnaire to determine morningness-eveningness in human circadian rhythms","volume":"4","author":"Horne","year":"1976","journal-title":"Int. J. Chronobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1111\/bjhp.12147","article-title":"The role of emotion dysregulation in insomnia: longitudinal findings from a large community sample","volume":"21","author":"Jansson-Fr\u00f6jmark","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Health Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1080\/15402002.2024.2374264","article-title":"Conceptual overlap of negative thought processes in insomnia: a focus on catastrophizing, worry, and rumination in a student sample","volume":"22","author":"Jansson-Fr\u00f6jmark","year":"2024","journal-title":"Behav. Sleep Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2013.05.010","article-title":"Sleep and emotions: bidirectional links and underlying mechanisms","volume":"89","author":"Kahn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Psychophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1007\/s10862-015-9529-3","article-title":"The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale Short Form (DERS-SF): validation and replication in adolescent and adult samples","volume":"38","author":"Kaufman","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Psychopathol. Behav. Assess."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291704002892","article-title":"The World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS): a short screening scale for use in the general population","volume":"35","author":"Kessler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0210","article-title":"Does the format of the adult ADHD self-report scale influence screen-positive rates? A randomized controlled trial in primary care","volume":"16","author":"Kraut","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Psych."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2023.101890","article-title":"How emotions impact sleep: a quantitative review of experiments","volume":"74","author":"Krizan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","article-title":"The PHQ-9","volume":"16","author":"Kroenke","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Gen. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00244","article-title":"Lower cardiac vagal activity predicts self-reported difficulties with emotion regulation in adolescents with ADHD","volume":"11","author":"Kvadsheim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Psych."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.14005","article-title":"Innovative approaches in investigating inter-beat intervals: graph theoretical method suggests altered autonomic functioning in adolescents with ADHD","volume":"59","author":"Kvadsheim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.5.1.113","article-title":"Emotion regulation abilities and the quality of social interaction","volume":"5","author":"Lopes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2019.00042","article-title":"A review of heterogeneity in Attention Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)","volume":"13","author":"Luo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2024.07.034","article-title":"Heart rate variability during sleep onset in patients with insomnia with or without comorbid sleep apnea","volume":"122","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-023-04873-y","article-title":"The impact of insomnia on anxiety and depression: a longitudinal study of non-clinical young Chinese adult males","volume":"23","author":"Mao","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2005.07.003","article-title":"Validity of the brief Patient Health Questionnaire Mood Scale (PHQ-9) in the general population","volume":"28","author":"Martin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjment-2025-301625","article-title":"Associations of ADHD traits, sleep\/circadian factors, depression and quality of life","volume":"28","author":"Nair","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMJ Ment. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1053\/smrv.2002.0186","article-title":"Epidemiology of insomnia: what we know and what we still need to learn","volume":"6","author":"Ohayon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2016.11.004","article-title":"Sleep-related cognitive processes, arousal, and emotion dysregulation in insomnia disorder: the role of insomnia-specific rumination","volume":"30","author":"Palagini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.107.3.691-706","article-title":"A new scale for measuring insomnia: the Bergen Insomnia Scale","volume":"107","author":"Pallesen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Percept. Mot. Skills"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000410","article-title":"Sleep loss and emotion: a systematic review and meta-analysis of over 50 years of experimental research","volume":"150","author":"Palmer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2024.05.002","article-title":"Prevalence of insomnia in a general adult population cohort using different diagnostic criteria: the seventh survey of the Troms\u00f8 study 2015\u20132016","volume":"119","author":"Porcheret","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s12529-020-09903-7","article-title":"The role of emotion regulation difficulties in the relation between insomnia and depressive symptoms","volume":"27","author":"Predatu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Behav. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-019-2284-3","article-title":"In transition with ADHD: the role of information, in facilitating or impeding young people\u2019s transition into adult services","volume":"19","author":"Price","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1080\/13697137.2020.1799973","article-title":"Insomnia and menopause: a narrative review on mechanisms and treatments","volume":"23","author":"Proserpio","year":"2020","journal-title":"Climacteric"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2009.04.002","article-title":"The hyperarousal model of insomnia: a review of the concept and its evidence","volume":"14","author":"Riemann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00021-6","article-title":"The neurobiology, investigation, and treatment of chronic insomnia","volume":"14","author":"Riemann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.14035","article-title":"The European Insomnia Guideline: an update on the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia 2023","volume":"32","author":"Riemann","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Sleep Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.14252","article-title":"Chronic insomnia, REM sleep instability and emotional dysregulation: a pathway to anxiety and depression?","volume":"34","author":"Riemann","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Sleep Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2025.102111","article-title":"Insomnia and emotion dysregulation: a meta-analytical perspective integrating regulatory strategies and dispositional difficulties","volume":"82","author":"Samea","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/bs13010038","article-title":"The interplay between chronotype and emotion regulation in the recognition of facial expressions of emotion","volume":"13","author":"Santos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Behav. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13835","article-title":"Variation in sleep profiles in children with ADHD and associated clinical characteristics","volume":"64","author":"Sciberras","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.09.010","article-title":"Modeling attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: a critical appraisal of the cognitive-energetic model","volume":"57","author":"Sergeant","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2013.13070966","article-title":"Emotion dysregulation in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder","volume":"171","author":"Shaw","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2020.101311","article-title":"The relationship between sleep duration and mood in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Short","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmx115","article-title":"Test-retest reliability of the adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) v1.1 screener in non-ADHD controls from a primary care physician practice","volume":"35","author":"Silverstein","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fam. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13095","article-title":"Sleep patterns and insomnia in a large population-based study of middle-aged and older adults: the Tromso study 2015\u20132016","volume":"30","author":"Sivertsen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Sleep Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-09866-3","article-title":"Pre-sleep arousal as a possible mechanism driving sleep problems in relation to ADHD traits","volume":"15","author":"Smullen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13696","article-title":"Annual research review: perspectives on progress in ADHD science - from characterization to cause","volume":"64","author":"Sonuga-Barke","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2009.09.003","article-title":"Comorbidity of insomnia and depression","volume":"14","author":"Staner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.12.043","article-title":"Brain arousal regulation in adults with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)","volume":"261","author":"Strauss","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1177\/0748730403259849","article-title":"Validation of Horne and Ostberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire in a middle-aged population of French workers","volume":"19","author":"Taillard","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Rhythms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1080\/07420528.2019.1651326","article-title":"Validity and reliability of the Slovene version of the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire","volume":"36","author":"Treven Pi\u0161ljar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chronobiol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.10m06628","article-title":"Lifespan persistence of ADHD: the life transition model and its application","volume":"73","author":"Turgay","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00046.2019","article-title":"Brain mechanisms of insomnia: new perspectives on causes and consequences","volume":"101","author":"Van Someren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2011.01281.x","article-title":"The role of presleep negative emotion in sleep physiology","volume":"48","author":"Vandekerckhove","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00328","article-title":"The association between self-reported difficulties in emotion regulation and heart rate variability: the salient role of not accepting negative emotions","volume":"8","author":"Visted","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2538","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1522520113","article-title":"Slow dissolving of emotional distress contributes to hyperarousal","volume":"113","author":"Wassing","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsy268","article-title":"Overnight worsening of emotional distress indicates maladaptive sleep in insomnia","volume":"42","author":"Wassing","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1177\/0033294120918803","article-title":"Sex and emotion regulation difficulties contribute to depression in young adults with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"124","author":"Welkie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.00261","article-title":"Resting heart rate variability predicts self-reported difficulties in emotion regulation: a focus on different facets of emotion regulation","volume":"6","author":"Williams","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.6976","article-title":"The association between insomnia and sleep duration in adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: results from a general population study","volume":"14","author":"Wynchank","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Sleep Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1081\/CBI-200053536","article-title":"Comparison of the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire with the Horne-Ostberg\u2019s Morningness-Eveningness Score","volume":"22","author":"Zavada","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chronobiol. Int."}],"container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032726007937?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032726007937?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T00:32:33Z","timestamp":1782261153000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165032726007937"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":89,"alternative-id":["S0165032726007937"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-0327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-0327","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Emotion regulation difficulties in adults with ADHD and associations with insomnia symptoms","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Affective Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2026.121941","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"121941"}}