{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T18:32:23Z","timestamp":1793385143307,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T15:37:36Z","timestamp":1785253056000},"page":"122332","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A metabolic \u201cdouble hit\u201d in prefrontal gray and white matter shapes microbiota-related visual learning memory impairment in major depressive disorder"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"414","author":[{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shilin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojie","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qilin","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunkai","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuming","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanbin","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-021-07078-2","article-title":"The role of the gut microbiota and nutrition on spatial learning and spatial memory: a mini review based on animal studies","volume":"49","author":"Alemohammad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.09.002","article-title":"Obesity impairs short-term and working memory through gut microbial metabolism of aromatic amino acids","volume":"32","author":"Arnoriaga-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.08.114","article-title":"N-acetylaspartate concentration in corpus callosum is positively correlated with intelligence in adolescents","volume":"59","author":"Aydin","year":"2012","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1038\/73975","article-title":"Prefrontal modulation of visual processing in humans","volume":"3","author":"Barcel\u00f3","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023250721185","article-title":"N-acetylaspartate in the vertebrate brain: metabolism and function","volume":"28","author":"Baslow","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-019-0252-6","article-title":"Author correction: reproducible, interactive, scalable and extensible microbiome data science using QIIME 2","volume":"37","author":"Bolyen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1080\/15622975.2022.2058084","article-title":"Long-term cortisol stress response in depression and comorbid anxiety is linked with reduced N-acetylaspartate in the anterior cingulate cortex","volume":"24","author":"Bonnekoh","year":"2023","journal-title":"World J. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.3.JNS162070","article-title":"Anatomy and white matter connections of the orbitofrontal gyrus","volume":"128","author":"Burks","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2013.02.026","article-title":"Factor structure of the MATRICS consensus cognitive battery (MCCB) in schizophrenia","volume":"146","author":"Burton","year":"2013","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-020-04626-9","article-title":"Frontal lobe metabolic alterations characterizing Parkinson\u2019s disease cognitive impairment","volume":"42","author":"Chaudhary","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12138","article-title":"Anterior cingulate cortex and cerebellar hemisphere neurometabolite changes in depression treatment: a 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy study","volume":"68","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181d26968","article-title":"Spinal cord repair in MS: does mitochondrial metabolism play a role?","volume":"74","author":"Ciccarelli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2006.02.047","article-title":"N-acetylaspartate as a reservoir for glutamate","volume":"67","author":"Clark","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2022.2073784","article-title":"The role of the mucin-glycan foraging Ruminococcus gnavus in the communication between the gut and the brain","volume":"14","author":"Coletto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fuad014","article-title":"Ruminococcus gnavus: friend or foe for human health","volume":"47","author":"Crost","year":"2023","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13494","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.24.13494","article-title":"Neural mechanisms for visual memory and their role in attention","volume":"93","author":"Desimone","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-026-03965-z","article-title":"Disentangling individual heterogeneity reveals robust network and molecular signatures of major depressive disorder with suicidal ideation","author":"Diao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0090","article-title":"Heterogeneity-aware, multiscale annotation of shared and specific neurobiological signatures among major neurodevelopmental disorders","volume":"9","author":"Diao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0095","first-page":"966","article-title":"Dysbiosis of gut microbiota in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment","volume":"52","author":"Feng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13622","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-40872-5","article-title":"Cerebral small vessel disease burden is associated with decreased abundance of gut Barnesiella intestinihominis bacterium in the Framingham heart study","volume":"13","author":"Fongang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/124.9.1841","article-title":"Material-specific lateralization in the medial temporal lobe and prefrontal cortex during memory encoding","volume":"124","author":"Golby","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1159\/000505782","article-title":"Plasma neuronal and glial markers and anterior cingulate metabolite levels in major depressive disorder: a pilot study","volume":"79","author":"G\u00fcle\u015f","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-015-0691-7","article-title":"Neurometabolic characteristics in the anterior cingulate gyrus of Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients with depression: a (1)H magnetic resonance spectroscopy study","volume":"15","author":"Guo","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10020436","article-title":"Role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in regulating dopaminergic signaling","volume":"10","author":"Hamamah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.909","article-title":"A multi-omics analysis for the prediction of neurocognitive disorders risk among the elderly in Macao","volume":"12","author":"Han","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-023-01717-5","article-title":"The fusion of multi-omics profile and multimodal EEG data contributes to the personalized diagnostic strategy for neurocognitive disorders","volume":"12","author":"Han","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.09.001","article-title":"Regional metabolic heterogeneity in anterior cingulate cortex in major depressive disorder: a multi-voxel 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy study","volume":"318","author":"He","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2018.05.011","article-title":"Gut microbiome and magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of subjects at ultra-high risk for psychosis may support the membrane hypothesis","volume":"53","author":"He","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Psychiatry J. Assoc. Eur. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0145","volume":"8","author":"Henigsberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0150","first-page":"786","article-title":"Atypical brain aging and its association with working memory performance in major depressive disorder","volume":"9","author":"Ho","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry Cogn. Neurosci. Neuroimaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2016.42","article-title":"Regulation of prefrontal cortex myelination by the microbiota","volume":"6","author":"Hoban","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0160","article-title":"Relationships between dorsolateral prefrontal cortex metabolic change and cognitive impairment in first-episode neuroleptic-naive schizophrenia patients","volume":"96","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.10.036","article-title":"Cognitive dysfunction and neurometabolic alternations in major depressive disorder with gastrointestinal symptoms","volume":"322","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6007","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-19772-z","article-title":"Distinct prefrontal top-down circuits differentially modulate sensorimotor behavior","volume":"11","author":"Huda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-04417-9","article-title":"Cingulate white matter mediates the effects of fecal Ruminococcus on neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with amyloid-positive amnestic mild cognitive impairment","volume":"23","author":"Hung","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.04.005","article-title":"The correlation between biochemical abnormalities in frontal white matter, hippocampus and serum thyroid hormone levels in first-episode patients with major depressive disorder","volume":"180","author":"Jia","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.11.001","article-title":"Myelin as a regulator of development of the microbiota-gut-brain axis","volume":"91","author":"Keogh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24371","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.202277","article-title":"Mental awareness improved mild cognitive impairment and modulated gut microbiome","volume":"12","author":"Khine","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s12275-018-8024-4","article-title":"The Ruminococci: key symbionts of the gut ecosystem","volume":"56","author":"La Reau","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.04.153","article-title":"The prevalence and characteristics of MCCB cognitive impairment in unmedicated patients with bipolar II depression and major depressive disorder","volume":"310","author":"Lai","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.10.023","article-title":"A meta-analysis of cognitive deficits in first-episode major depressive disorder","volume":"140","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-230709","article-title":"Mediation of regional cerebral blood flow in the relationship between specific gut microbiota and cognition in vascular cognitive impairment","volume":"97","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.02.068","article-title":"Neurocognitive profiles of patients with first-episode and recurrent depression: a cross-sectional comparative study from China","volume":"286","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109828","article-title":"Serum copper and zinc levels correlate with biochemical metabolite ratios in the prefrontal cortex and lentiform nucleus of patients with major depressive disorder","volume":"99","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyaa038","article-title":"Correlations among mRNA expression levels of ATP7A, serum Ceruloplasmin levels, and neuronal metabolism in Unmedicated major depressive disorder","volume":"23","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.834403","article-title":"Gut microbiota and targeted biomarkers analysis in patients with cognitive impairment","volume":"13","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.08.129","article-title":"Correlations between facial emotion processing and biochemical abnormalities in untreated adolescent patients with major depressive disorder: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study","volume":"296","author":"Lv","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.08.060","article-title":"The MATRICS consensus cognitive battery (MCCB): performance and functional correlates","volume":"220","author":"Lystad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.33588\/rn.6208.2015466","article-title":"Metabolism of N-acetyl-L-aspartate: its diagnostic and prognostic value","volume":"62","author":"Martinez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0194904","article-title":"The kinetics of gut microbial community composition in patients with irritable bowel syndrome following fecal microbiota transplantation","volume":"13","author":"Mazzawi","year":"2018","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1920","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-022-01456-3","article-title":"A systematic review of gut microbiota composition in observational studies of major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia","volume":"27","author":"McGuinness","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0243255","article-title":"Neonatal brain metabolite concentrations: associations with age, sex, and developmental outcomes","volume":"15","author":"Merz","year":"2020","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.12.103","article-title":"Childhood trauma history is linked to abnormal brain metabolism of non-medicated adult patients with major depressive disorder","volume":"302","author":"Miao","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1929","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(96)00182-8","article-title":"In vivo 1H MRS choline: correlation with in vitro chemistry\/histology","volume":"58","author":"Miller","year":"1996","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2006.12.003","article-title":"N-Acetylaspartate in the CNS: from neurodiagnostics to neurobiology","volume":"81","author":"Moffett","year":"2007","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1037\/neu0000264","article-title":"Individual differences in reasoning and visuospatial attention are associated with prefrontal and parietal white matter tracts in healthy older adults","volume":"30","author":"Monge","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2009.08.002","article-title":"Influences of lobar gray matter and white matter lesion load on cognition and mood","volume":"181","author":"Mueller","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-023-02146-4","article-title":"A systematic review exploring the association between the human gut microbiota and brain connectivity in health and disease","author":"Mulder","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2010.02.008","article-title":"N-acetyl aspartate concentration in the anterior cingulate cortex in patients with schizophrenia: a study of clinical and neuropsychological correlates and preliminary exploration of cognitive behaviour therapy effects","volume":"182","author":"Premkumar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6941.2007.00375.x","article-title":"Multivariate analyses in microbial ecology: multivariate analyses in microbial ecology","volume":"62","author":"Ramette","year":"2007","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2515","article-title":"The gut microbiota shapes intestinal immune responses during health and disease","volume":"9","author":"Round","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"34","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0310","article-title":"Cortical thickness reveals sex differences in verbal and visuospatial memory","volume":"1991","author":"Sang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex N. Y. N"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R60","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2011-12-6-r60","article-title":"Metagenomic biomarker discovery and explanation","volume":"12","author":"Segata","year":"2011","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-011-9130-7","article-title":"Brain region white matter associations with visual selective attention","volume":"5","author":"Seiler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Imaging Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.10.030","article-title":"Correlations between working memory impairment and neurometabolites of prefrontal cortex and lenticular nucleus in patients with major depressive disorder","volume":"227","author":"Shan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1038\/526312a","article-title":"The tantalizing links between gut microbes and the brain","volume":"526","author":"Smith","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb5000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119648","article-title":"A new perspective on cognitive impairment in major depressive disorder: changes in gut microbiota and their inflammatory regulatory mechanisms","volume":"389","author":"Song","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0335","article-title":"Assessing metabolism and injury in acute human traumatic brain injury with magnetic resonance spectroscopy: current and future applications","volume":"8","author":"Stovell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.2463\/mrms.2014-0064","article-title":"Neurochemistry of hypomyelination investigated with MR spectroscopy","volume":"14","author":"Takanashi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2022.01.009","article-title":"Alteration of gut microbiome in patients with schizophrenia indicates links between bacterial tyrosine biosynthesis and cognitive dysfunction","volume":"3","author":"Thirion","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry Glob. Open Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.885393","article-title":"Differences in gut microbiota correlate with symptoms and regional brain volumes in patients with late-life depression","volume":"14","author":"Tsai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1080\/15513815.2017.1346019","article-title":"Brain maturation-differences in biochemical composition of fetal and child\u2019s brain","volume":"36","author":"Urbanik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fetal Pediatr. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5679","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-09553-7","article-title":"Age-related enhancement in visuomotor learning by a dual-task","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbad026","article-title":"Multiomics analyses reveal microbiome-gut-brain crosstalk centered on aberrant gamma-aminobutyric acid and tryptophan metabolism in drug-na\u00efve patients with first-episode schizophrenia","volume":"50","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-021-01333-0","article-title":"Disruptions in white matter microstructure associated with impaired visual associative memory in schizophrenia-spectrum illness","volume":"272","author":"Wannan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.114308","article-title":"Butyrate ameliorates chronic alcoholic central nervous damage by suppressing microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and modulating the microbiome-gut-brain axis","volume":"160","author":"Wei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2003.10.009","article-title":"Evidence for continuing neuropsychological impairments in depression","volume":"82","author":"Weiland-Fiedler","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.34133\/research.1142","article-title":"The brain-gut health initiative (BIGHI): a prospective cohort on psychiatric disorders in China","volume":"9","author":"Wu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0390","article-title":"Prolonged high-fat diet consumption throughout adulthood in mice induced neurobehavioral deterioration via gut-brain axis","volume":"15","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00302-23","article-title":"Gut microbiota taxon-dependent transformation of microglial M1\/M2 phenotypes underlying mechanisms of spatial learning and memory impairment after chronic methamphetamine exposure","volume":"11","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectrum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2024.106464","article-title":"Free water in gray matter linked to gut microbiota changes with decreased butyrate producers in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and mild cognitive impairment","volume":"193","author":"Yamashiro","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.24272\/j.issn.2095-8137.2022.023","article-title":"Maternal sleep deprivation induces gut microbial dysbiosis and neuroinflammation in offspring rats","volume":"43","author":"Yao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Zool. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2026.1698851","article-title":"Puerarin\u2019s multidimensional antidepressant action: decoding the gut-liver-brain axis through gut microbiota, hepatic homeostasis, and neuroimmune regulation","volume":"20","author":"Ye","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107789","article-title":"Visual association learning induces global network reorganization","volume":"154","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.04.005","article-title":"Psychotic symptoms and neurocognition among patients with major depressive disorder: a chained mediation model of depressive symptoms and socio-occupational functioning","volume":"332","author":"Zeng","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2025.124905","article-title":"Bupleurum polysaccharide improves CUMS-induced depressive behavior in rats by regulating the \u201cmicrobiota-gut-brain Axis\u201d: a mechanism study based on metabolomics and metagenomics","volume":"1270","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.27466","article-title":"Desynchronized functional activities between brain white and gray matter in major depression disorder","volume":"53","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/1623478","article-title":"Variation in thyroid-stimulating hormone and cognitive disorders in unmedicated middle-aged patients with major depressive disorder: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study","volume":"2022","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mediat. Inflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.27392","article-title":"Decoupling of gray and white matter functional networks in medication-na\u00efve patients with major depressive disorder","volume":"53","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging: JMRI"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.05.039","article-title":"Gender-related alterations of serum trace elements and neurometabolism in the anterior cingulate cortex of patients with major depressive disorder","volume":"360","author":"Zhong","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2018.11.001","article-title":"Cross-sectional relationship between kynurenine pathway metabolites and cognitive function in major depressive disorder","volume":"101","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2014.12.005","article-title":"Brain metabolism assessed via proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with amnestic or vascular mild cognitive impairment","volume":"130","author":"Zhu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.5498\/wjp.v14.i11.1652","article-title":"Application of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in metabolic alterations of prefrontal white and gray matter in depression adolescents","volume":"14","author":"Zou","year":"2024","journal-title":"World J. Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032726011857?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032726011857?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T17:57:10Z","timestamp":1793383030000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165032726011857"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":93,"alternative-id":["S0165032726011857"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-0327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-0327","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A metabolic \u201cdouble hit\u201d in prefrontal gray and white matter shapes microbiota-related visual learning memory impairment in major depressive disorder","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Affective Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122332","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"122332"}}