{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T18:32:28Z","timestamp":1793385148574,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,8,8]],"date-time":"2027-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1817683200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":250,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"US Department of War","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH2210999"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH2210999"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009157","name":"National Institute on Disability Independent Living and Rehabilitation Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["90ARHF0008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["90ARHF0008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009157","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009157","name":"National Institute on Disability Independent Living and Rehabilitation Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["90DPTB0005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["90DPTB0005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009157","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009157","name":"National Institute on Disability Independent Living and Rehabilitation Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["90DPTB0028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["90DPTB0028"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009157","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009157","name":"National Institute on Disability Independent Living and Rehabilitation Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["90DPTB0009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["90DPTB0009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009157","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T15:09:44Z","timestamp":1785856184000},"page":"122348","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Rates and predictors of the emergence and remission of suicidal thoughts and behaviors after traumatic brain injury: a Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Database study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"414","author":[{"given":"Sophia","family":"Lall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola L.","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric M.","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel W.","family":"Klyce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa A.","family":"Brenner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melinda C.","family":"Power","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Dams-O\u2019Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raj G.","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0005","author":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E18","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000588","article-title":"Evaluating the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships predicting suicidal ideation following traumatic brain injury","volume":"36","author":"Awan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Head Trauma Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0015","first-page":"497","article-title":"Clinical pathway for suicide risk screening in adult primary care settings: special recommendations","volume":"63","author":"Ayer","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Acad. Consult.-Liaison Psych."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1017\/BrImp.2013.11","article-title":"Suicidal ideation and behaviours after traumatic brain injury: a systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Bahraini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Impairment."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0b013e31829af969","article-title":"Participation assessment with recombined tools-objective (PART-O)","volume":"28","author":"Bogner","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Head Trauma Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000001070","article-title":"Traumatic brain injury, chronic pain, and associations with suicidal thoughts and behaviors: a traumatic brain injury model systems study","volume":"41","author":"Boylan","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Head Trauma Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E64","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000351","article-title":"Window to hope: a randomized controlled trial of a psychological intervention for the treatment of hopelessness among veterans with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury","volume":"33","author":"Brenner","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Head Trauma Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.7326\/ANNALS-24-01938","article-title":"Assessment and management of patients at risk for suicide: synopsis of the 2024 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and U.S. Department of Defense Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"178","author":"Brenner","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000001090","article-title":"Newly identified suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among military service members following traumatic brain injury, by sex","author":"Brenner","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Head Trauma Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.29245\/2572.942X\/2019\/3.1248","article-title":"Perceptions of traumatic brain injury (TBI) among professionals providing drug and alcohol addiction treatment","volume":"4","author":"Brown","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neuromed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.01.024","article-title":"Prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt among patients with traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis","volume":"300","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0060","first-page":"66","article-title":"The relationship between traumatic brain injury and suicide: a systematic review of risk factors","volume":"22","author":"De Luca","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Neuropsychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0065","first-page":"326","article-title":"Suicide, fatal injuries, and other causes of premature mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury: a 41-year Swedish population study","volume":"71","author":"Fazel","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Psych."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2016.1195517","article-title":"Prevalence of suicidal behaviour following traumatic brain injury: longitudinal follow-up data from the NIDRR Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems","volume":"30","author":"Fisher","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Inj."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000002054","article-title":"Using machine learning to examine suicidal ideation after traumatic brain injury: a traumatic brain injury model systems national database study","volume":"102","author":"Fisher","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2507","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2020.7038","article-title":"Mortality secondary to unintentional poisoning after inpatient rehabilitation among individuals with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury","volume":"37","author":"Hammond","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2014.3353","article-title":"Life expectancy after inpatient rehabilitation for traumatic brain injury in the United States","volume":"32","author":"Harrison-Felix","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2012.03.036","article-title":"A longitudinal study of major and minor depression following traumatic brain injury","volume":"93","author":"Hart","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.focus.20220086","article-title":"Screening and assessing suicide risk in medical settings: feasible strategies for early detection","volume":"21","author":"Horowitz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Focus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000489","article-title":"Suicide and traumatic brain injury among individuals seeking veterans health administration services between fiscal years 2006 and 2015","volume":"34","author":"Hostetter","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Head Trauma Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v038.i08","article-title":"Multi-state models for panel data: The msm package for R","volume":"38","author":"Jackson","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-076036","article-title":"Chronic pain: definitions and diagnosis","volume":"381","author":"Kang","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2016.02.017","article-title":"Acute trauma factor associations with suicidality across the first 5\u00a0years after traumatic brain injury","volume":"97","author":"Kesinger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.23282","article-title":"Identifying group-based patterns of suicidal ideation over the first 10\u00a0years after moderate-to-severe TBI","volume":"78","author":"Klyce","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","article-title":"The PHQ-9","volume":"16","author":"Kroenke","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Gen. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000812","article-title":"Distal and proximal predictors of rehospitalization over 10 years among survivors of TBI: a national institute on disability, independent living, and rehabilitation research traumatic brain injury model systems study","volume":"38","author":"Lercher","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Head Trauma Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1136\/postgradmedj-2019-136860","article-title":"Association between suicide risk and traumatic brain injury in adults: a population based cohort study","volume":"96","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Postgrad. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e100","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2013.301794","article-title":"Rates and predictors of suicidal ideation during the first year after traumatic brain injury","volume":"104","author":"Mackelprang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.10211","article-title":"Association between traumatic brain injury and risk of suicide","volume":"320","author":"Madsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2021.07.790","article-title":"Relations among suicidal ideation, depressive symptoms, and functional independence during the 10 years after traumatic brain injury: a model systems study","volume":"103","author":"Perrin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0155","author":"R Core Team"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1136\/injuryprev-2018-042889","article-title":"Mortality in the United States from self-injury surpasses diabetes: a prevention imperative","volume":"25","author":"Rockett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inj. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.20230466","article-title":"National trends and disparities in suicidal ideation, attempts, and health care utilization among U.S. adults","volume":"76","author":"Samples","year":"2025","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Serv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.06.047","article-title":"Traumatic brain injury and suicidality among military veterans: the mediating role of social integration","volume":"338","author":"Schafer","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1080\/02699050701785542","article-title":"Suicidality in people surviving a traumatic brain injury: Prevalence, risk factors and implications for clinical management","volume":"21","author":"Simpson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Inj."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0b013e3182225250","article-title":"Suicide prevention after traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial of a program for the psychological treatment of hopelessness","volume":"26","author":"Simpson","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Head Trauma Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz038","article-title":"A systematic review of validated suicide outcome classification in observational studies","volume":"48","author":"Swain","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.71.4.436","article-title":"Suicide after traumatic brain injury: a population study","volume":"71","author":"Teasdale","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0b013e3182225271","article-title":"Suicidal ideation following traumatic brain injury: prevalence rates and correlates in adults living in the community","volume":"26","author":"Tsaousides","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Head Trauma Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0200","series-title":"Suicide risk assessment guide: Reference manual, Washington, D.C","author":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.1998.15.573","article-title":"Structured interviews for the glasgow outcome scale and the extended glasgow outcome scale: guidelines for their use","volume":"15","author":"Wilson","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"}],"container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032726012012?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032726012012?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T17:56:46Z","timestamp":1793383006000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165032726012012"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["S0165032726012012"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-0327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-0327","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Rates and predictors of the emergence and remission of suicidal thoughts and behaviors after traumatic brain injury: a Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Database study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Affective Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122348","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"122348"}}