{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T18:32:06Z","timestamp":1793385126701,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1078901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1078901"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1145645"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1145645"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1087889"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1087889"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP1086683"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1086683"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:38:18Z","timestamp":1787067498000},"page":"122397","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Burden of health comorbidities and associated health care costs in the Australian Genetics of Depression Study using the medication-based Rx-Risk Comorbidity Index"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"414","author":[{"given":"Penelope A.","family":"Lind","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian B.","family":"Hickie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enda M.","family":"Byrne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas G.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah E.","family":"Medland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0005","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Fifth Edition","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867418799453","article-title":"Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of panic disorder, social anxiety disorder and generalised anxiety disorder","volume":"52","author":"Andrews","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(01)00377-9","article-title":"Mortality of patients with mood disorders: follow-up over 34-38 years","volume":"68","author":"Angst","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s10194-012-0479-9","article-title":"Depression and risk of transformation of episodic to chronic migraine","volume":"13","author":"Ashina","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Headache Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0025","series-title":"National PrEP guidelines update: prevent HIV by prescribing PrEP","author":"Australasian Society for HIV, Viral Hepatitis and Sexual Health Medicine","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0030","author":"Australian Bureau of Statistics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0035","author":"Australian Department of Health and Aged Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0040","author":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0045","series-title":"data.table: Extension of \u2018data.frame\u2019","author":"Barrett","year":"2026"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000058907.41080.54","article-title":"Comorbidity of migraine and depression: investigating potential etiology and prognosis","volume":"60","author":"Breslau","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e274","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp13X665242","article-title":"Implications of comorbidity for primary care costs in the UK: a retrospective observational study","volume":"63","author":"Brilleman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. J. Gen. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-032580","article-title":"Cohort profile: the Australian genetics of depression study","volume":"10","author":"Byrne","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2051-5545.2011.tb00014.x","article-title":"Physical illness in patients with severe mental disorders. I. Prevalence, impact of medications and disparities in health care","volume":"10","author":"De Hert","year":"2011","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0070","series-title":"Not So Universal: How to Reduce out-of-Pocket Healthcare Payments","author":"Duckett","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0075","first-page":"273","article-title":"Inequitable physical illness and premature mortality for people with severe mental illness in Australia: a social analysis","volume":"20","author":"Edmunds","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Hum. Rights"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1097\/01.yco.0000228765.33356.9f","article-title":"Mood disorders: cardiovascular and diabetes comorbidity","volume":"19","author":"Fenton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2023.0777","article-title":"Association between depression and physical conditions requiring hospitalization","volume":"80","author":"Frank","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000229","article-title":"Major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder predispose youth to accelerated atherosclerosis and early cardiovascular disease","volume":"132","author":"Goldstein","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-6405.12509","article-title":"The prevalence of complex multimorbidity in Australia","volume":"40","author":"Harrison","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2016.5042","article-title":"Association of Depression and Treated Depression with Epilepsy and seizure outcomes: a multicohort analysis","volume":"74","author":"Josephson","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(03)00469-4","article-title":"Depression in epilepsy: prevalence, clinical semiology, pathogenic mechanisms, and treatment","volume":"54","author":"Kanner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)30263-2","article-title":"Why is depression more common among women than among men?","volume":"4","author":"Kuehner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1177\/1359786810382058","article-title":"Inequalities in healthcare provision for people with severe mental illness","volume":"24","author":"Lawrence","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f2539","article-title":"The gap in life expectancy from preventable physical illness in psychiatric patients in Western Australia: retrospective analysis of population based registers","volume":"346","author":"Lawrence","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20384","article-title":"Excess mortality in persons with severe mental disorders: a multilevel intervention framework and priorities for clinical practice, policy and research agendas","volume":"16","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68770-9","article-title":"Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001","volume":"367","author":"Lopez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-021122","article-title":"The validity of the Rx-risk comorbidity index using medicines mapped to the anatomical therapeutic chemical (ATC) classification system","volume":"8","author":"Pratt","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000102","article-title":"Gender differences in depression in representative national samples: Meta-analyses of diagnoses and symptoms","volume":"143","author":"Salk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-013691","article-title":"Impact of consumer copayments for subsidised medicines on health services use and outcomes: a protocol using linked administrative data from Western Australia","volume":"7","author":"Seaman","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.2217\/17455057.2.3.425","article-title":"Gender differences in depression","volume":"2","author":"Sloan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Womens Health (Lond)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp20X713897","article-title":"Impact of multimorbidity on healthcare costs and utilisation: a systematic review of the UK literature","volume":"71","author":"Soley-Bori","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br. J. Gen. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2018.05.025","article-title":"Association between depression and the subsequent risk of Parkinson\u2019s disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"86","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-019-0595-x","article-title":"Depression and anxiety in relation to cancer incidence and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-065932","article-title":"Real price of health-experiences of out-of-pocket costs in Australia: protocol for a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.3.289","article-title":"Depression and cardiovascular sequelae in postmenopausal women. The Women\u2019s Health Initiative (WHI)","volume":"164","author":"Wassertheil-Smoller","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.10.060","article-title":"Depression and risk of sudden cardiac death and coronary heart disease in women: results from the nurses\u2019 health study","volume":"53","author":"Whang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.07.018","article-title":"The size and burden of mental disorders and other disorders of the brain in Europe 2010","volume":"21","author":"Wittchen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0195","series-title":"A healthy lifestyle - WHO (recommendations)","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0200","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease and depression: a bidirectional relationship and its clinical implications","volume":"16","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4234","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-025-03003-2","article-title":"Cardiovascular diseases and depression: a meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization analysis","volume":"30","author":"Zeng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032726012504?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032726012504?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T17:48:40Z","timestamp":1793382520000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165032726012504"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0165032726012504"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-0327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-0327","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Burden of health comorbidities and associated health care costs in the Australian Genetics of Depression Study using the medication-based Rx-Risk Comorbidity Index","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Affective Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122397","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"122397"}}