{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T04:54:59Z","timestamp":1790830499358,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:59:34Z","timestamp":1788307174000},"page":"122441","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["An evaluation of the relationships between financial hardship, mental health, and service use among US military personnel"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"415","author":[{"given":"Lyndon A.","family":"Riviere","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul Y.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farifteh F.","family":"Duffy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert R.","family":"Sinclair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baylor","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin M.","family":"Curley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1177\/00207640221083205","article-title":"Poor mental health is associated with the exacerbation of personal debt problems: a study of debt advice adherence","volume":"69","author":"Andelic","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Soc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0010","series-title":"Economic well-being of US households in 2024, Washington","author":"Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.05.008","article-title":"Financial hardship, socio-economic position and depression: results from the PATH through life survey","volume":"69","author":"Butterworth","year":"2009","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e668","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usz380","article-title":"Development of the U.S. Army\u2019s suicide prevention leadership tool: the behavioral health readiness and suicide risk reduction review (R4)","volume":"185","author":"Curley","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mil. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usaa503","article-title":"Methodology of the U.S. Army\u2019s suicide prevention leadership tool study: the behavioral health readiness and suicide risk reduction review (R4)","volume":"186","author":"Curley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mil. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0030","series-title":"Financial Literacy and Preparedness of Members of the Armed Forces. Results of the 2023 Status of Forces Survey","author":"Department of Defense","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.640103","article-title":"A recovery-oriented money management intervention","volume":"64","author":"Elbogen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Serv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwaa146","article-title":"Financial strain and suicide attempts in a nationally representative sample of US adults","volume":"189","author":"Elbogen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0045","series-title":"Financial capability in the United States. 2012 report of military findings","author":"FINRA Investor Education Foundation","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2020.101832","article-title":"Psychological factors associated with financial hardship and mental health: a systematic review","volume":"77","author":"Frankham","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1037\/ser0000201","article-title":"Financial hardship and risk of suicide among U.S. Army personnel","volume":"16","author":"Goodin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychol. Serv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1037\/ocp0000379","article-title":"The chains of the past: a life course perspective on childhood adversity and organizational attitudes and behaviors","volume":"29","author":"Graham","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Occup. Health Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0264041","article-title":"Financial stress and depression in adults: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Guan","year":"2022","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0070","series-title":"Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis","author":"Hayes","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcps.2009.09.003","article-title":"Structural equations modeling: fit indices, sample size, and advanced topics","volume":"20","author":"Iacobucci","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Consum. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0080","article-title":"Financial hardship, Hope, and life satisfaction among un\/underemployed individuals with psychiatric diagnoses: a mediation analysis","volume":"13","author":"Jimenez-Solomon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Psych."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0085","article-title":"When money and mental health problems pile up: the reciprocal relationship between income and psychological distress","volume":"25","author":"Jimenez-Solomon","year":"2024","journal-title":"SSM Popul. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000038871","article-title":"Association between financial hardship and psychological burden and the role of social and mental health support: an observational study","volume":"103","author":"Jung","year":"2024","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2008.06.026","article-title":"The PHQ-8 as a measure of current depression in the general population","volume":"114","author":"Kroenke","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(24)00169-X","article-title":"WHO treatment guideline for mental disorders","volume":"11","author":"Leichsenring","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2020-215574","article-title":"Effectiveness of community interventions for protecting and promoting the mental health of working-age adults experiencing financial uncertainty: a systematic review","volume":"75","author":"McGrath","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol. Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0110","series-title":"2018 Department of Defense Health Related Behaviors Survey (HRBS): Results for the Active Component","author":"Meadows","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e625","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usaa019","article-title":"Mental health service utilization and perceived barriers to receiving Care in Deployed Soldiers","volume":"185","author":"Nugent","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mil. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0120","series-title":"Annual Report of the Financial Literacy and Preparedness of Members of the Armed Forces. Results of the 2022 Status of Forces Survey","author":"Office of the Undersecretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1177\/107319110100800409","article-title":"The suicidal behaviors questionnaire-revised (SBQ-R): validation with clinical and nonclinical samples","volume":"8","author":"Osman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.08.169","article-title":"The reciprocal relationships between economic status and mental health: investigating the between-person and within-person effects in a three-wave longitudinal study","volume":"366","author":"Prati","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.3138\/jmvfh-2023-0039","article-title":"Financial hardship, positive financial behaviour, and behavioural health outcomes among U.S. soldiers","volume":"10","author":"Riviere","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Mil Veteran Fam Health."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1080\/08995605.2021.1976544","article-title":"Suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and suicide death among veterans and service members: a comprehensive meta-analysis of risk factors","volume":"34","author":"Schafer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mil. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0145","unstructured":"Siles, M., n.d. Impact of the Coronavirus Stimulus Checks on the Economy. Julian Samora Research Institute, Michigan State University."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0150","series-title":"Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: Results from the 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health HHS Publication No.PEP20-07-01-001, NSDUH Series H-55","author":"Substance Abuse Mental Health Services Administration","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0155","series-title":"Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: Results from the 2020 National Survey on drug use and health","author":"Substance Abuse Mental Health Services Administration","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000258","article-title":"The association between objective and subjective socioeconomic status and subjective well-being: a meta-analytic review","volume":"146","author":"Tan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-067886","article-title":"Examining the psychosocial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic: an international cross-sectional study protocol","volume":"13","author":"Tanveer","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.20230271","article-title":"Systematic review of financial interventions for adults experiencing behavioral health conditions","volume":"75","author":"Tsai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Serv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031104","article-title":"Financial strain and stressful events predict newlyweds\u2019 negative communication independent of relationship satisfaction","volume":"27","author":"Williamson","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Fam. Psychol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032726012942?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032726012942?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T03:55:20Z","timestamp":1790826920000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165032726012942"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["S0165032726012942"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-0327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-0327","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"An evaluation of the relationships between financial hardship, mental health, and service use among US military personnel","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Affective Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122441","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"122441"}}