{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:39:59Z","timestamp":1792787999963,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T23:06:36Z","timestamp":1792623996000},"page":"122654","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Emotion regulation diversity and depressive symptoms in mid- to older adulthood: A longitudinal investigation"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Alainna","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niccole","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cindy S.","family":"Bergeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. Lira","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691612459518","article-title":"The future of emotion regulation research: capturing context","volume":"8","author":"Aldao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Perspect. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2009.11.004","article-title":"Emotion-regulation strategies across psychopathology: a meta-analytic review","author":"Aldao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"issue":"4pt1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579416000638","article-title":"Emotion regulation as a transdiagnostic factor in the development of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology: current and future directions","volume":"28","author":"Aldao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dev. Psychopathol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0000727","article-title":"Age differences in emotion regulation strategy use, variability, and flexibility: an experience sampling approach","volume":"55","author":"Benson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dev. Psychol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1080\/15427609.2021.1964897","article-title":"Integrative science approach to resilience: the notre dame study of health & well-being (NDHWB)","volume":"18","author":"Bergeman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Res. Hum. Dev."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691613504116","article-title":"Regulatory Flexibility: An Individual Differences Perspective on Coping and Emotion Regulation","volume":"8","author":"Bonanno","year":"2013","journal-title":"Perspect. Psychol. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465813000453","article-title":"The influence of age on emotion regulation strategies and psychological distress","volume":"42","author":"Brummer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Behav. Cogn. Psychother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0040","series-title":"Hierarchical Linear Models: Applications and Data Analysis Methods","author":"Bryk","year":"1992"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1037\/emo0000734","article-title":"Emotion dynamics across adulthood in everyday life: older adults are more emotionally stable and better at regulating desires","volume":"21","author":"Burr","year":"2021","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1177\/1754073910380975","article-title":"Reconceptualizing emotion regulation","volume":"3","author":"Campos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Emot. Rev."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2013.01.003","article-title":"Positive emotion regulation in emotional disorders: a theoretical review","volume":"33","author":"Carl","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.56.2.267","article-title":"Assessing coping strategies: a theoretically based approach","volume":"56","author":"Carver","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Pers. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0065","series-title":"How Coping Mediates the Effect of Optimism on Distress: A Study of Women With Early Stage Breast Cancer","author":"Carver","year":"1999"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721413497013","article-title":"Emotional experience across adulthood: the theoretical model of strength and vulnerability integration","volume":"22","author":"Charles","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0075","series-title":"The social Psychology of Health","first-page":"31","article-title":"Perceived stress in a probability sample in the United States","author":"Cohen","year":"1988"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1177\/000312240807300201","article-title":"The social connectedness of older adults: a national profile","volume":"73","author":"Cornwell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. Sociol. Rev."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1037\/ccp0000396","article-title":"Positive affect treatment for depression and anxiety: a randomized clinical trial for a core feature of anhedonia","volume":"87","author":"Craske","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Consult. Clin. Psychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.093008.100356","article-title":"The disaggregation of within-person and between-person effects in longitudinal models of change","volume":"62","author":"Curran","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Psychol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1037\/pag0000251","article-title":"Another year older, another year wiser? Emotion regulation strategy selection and flexibility across adulthood","volume":"33","author":"Eldesouky","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.058","article-title":"Emotion regulation habits related to depression: a longitudinal investigation of stability and change in repetitive negative thinking and positive reappraisal","volume":"276","author":"Everaert","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.032408.153621","article-title":"Depression in older adults","volume":"5","author":"Fiske","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2017.06.011","article-title":"Depression among older adults: a 20-year update on five common myths and misconceptions","volume":"26","author":"Haigh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.4602","article-title":"Epidemiology of adult DSM-5 major depressive disorder and its specifiers in the United States","volume":"75","author":"Hasin","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-014-9620-1","article-title":"Interpersonal emotion regulation model of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"38","author":"Hofmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cogn. Ther. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0125","series-title":"reghelper: helper functions for regression analysis. R package version 1.1. 0","author":"Hughes","year":"2021"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1177\/17456916211059819","article-title":"What do we know about aging and emotion regulation?","volume":"17","author":"Isaacowitz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Perspect. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0135","series-title":"Handbook of Depression","first-page":"322","article-title":"Depression in its interpersonal context","volume":"2","author":"Joiner","year":"2002"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1177\/0164027587092002","article-title":"Strategies of coping and postinstitutional outcomes","volume":"9","author":"Kahana","year":"1987","journal-title":"Res. Aging"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1972","DOI":"10.1037\/xge0000556","article-title":"Age similarities and differences in spontaneous use of emotion regulation tactics across five laboratory tasks","volume":"148","author":"Livingstone","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Gen."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1037\/emo0000672","article-title":"Age and emotion regulation in daily life: frequency, strategies, tactics, and effectiveness","volume":"21","author":"Livingstone","year":"2021","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0155","series-title":"Change in Emotion and Mental Health","first-page":"159","article-title":"Changes in emotion regulation across the life span","author":"Meier","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2023.104355","article-title":"Influence of social support on cognitive reappraisal in young adults elevated on neuroticism","volume":"167","author":"Metts","year":"2023","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.12.030","article-title":"Heterogeneity in long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms: patterns, predictors and outcomes","volume":"192","author":"Musliner","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2011.06.012","article-title":"Gender and age differences in emotion regulation strategies and their relationship to depressive symptoms","volume":"51","author":"Nolen-Hoeksema","year":"2011","journal-title":"Personal. Individ. Differ."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1177\/014662167700100306","article-title":"The CES-D scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population","volume":"1","author":"Radloff","year":"1977","journal-title":"Appl. Psychol. Meas."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0180","series-title":"Advanced Quantitative Techniques in the Social Sciences Series","article-title":"Hierarchical linear models: Applications and data analysis methods","author":"Raudenbush","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-032816-045252","article-title":"Emotions in depression: what do we really know?","volume":"13","author":"Rottenberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1037\/a0039246","article-title":"Distract or reappraise? Age-related differences in emotion-regulation choice","volume":"15","author":"Scheibe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v105.i07","article-title":"Expanding tidy data principles to facilitate missing data exploration, visualization and assessment of imputations","volume":"105","author":"Tierney","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721410388395","article-title":"Emotion regulation in older age","volume":"19","author":"Urry","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1111\/1541-0420.00032","article-title":"The use of score tests for inference on variance components","volume":"59","author":"Verbeke","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1037\/met0000030","article-title":"On disaggregating between-person and within-person effects with longitudinal data using multilevel models","volume":"20","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0215","author":"Wen"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1177\/2167702620978616","article-title":"Emotion regulation diversity in current and remitted depression","volume":"9","author":"Wen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2023.104441","article-title":"Diversity in emotion regulation strategy use: resilience against posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"172","author":"Wen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2024.102941","article-title":"Tri-level anxiety and depression symptom trajectory in adolescents: the role of emotion regulation diversity","volume":"109","author":"Wen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Anxiety Disord."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbt019","article-title":"Ups and downs of daily life: Age effects on the impact of daily appraisal variability on depressive symptoms","volume":"69","author":"Whitehead","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. B Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2023.2256245","article-title":"Age differences in emotion regulation strategy use and flexibility in daily life","volume":"28","author":"Whitmoyer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aging Ment. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0245","series-title":"ggplot2: elegant graphics for data analysis","first-page":"189","article-title":"Data analysis","author":"Wickham","year":"2016"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnac106","article-title":"Aging and emotion regulation tactics across the historical events of 2020","volume":"63","author":"Wolfe","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gerontologist"}],"container-title":["Journal of Affective Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032726015089?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165032726015089?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:13:35Z","timestamp":1792786415000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165032726015089"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["S0165032726015089"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-0327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-0327","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Emotion regulation diversity and depressive symptoms in mid- to older adulthood: A longitudinal investigation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Affective Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122654","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"122654"}}