{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T04:40:09Z","timestamp":1773031209566,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":122,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,1]],"date-time":"2011-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1306886400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008745","name":"Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ALA043-1-08043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ALA043-1-08043"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008745","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008745","name":"Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ALA013-020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ALA013-020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008745","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of the American Dietetic Association"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,28]],"date-time":"2011-05-28T12:16:20Z","timestamp":1306584980000},"page":"864-873","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Signaling Proteins that Influence Energy Intake may Affect Unintentional Weight Loss in Elderly Persons"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Catherine M.","family":"Wernette","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B. Douglas","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claire A.","family":"Zizza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.1031527","article-title":"An approach to the management of unintentional weight loss in elderly people","volume":"172","author":"Alibhai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-119-7_Part_2-199310011-00022","article-title":"Long-term effects of change in body weight on all-cause mortality","volume":"119","author":"Andres","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1999.tb02566.x","article-title":"The relationship between clinical assessments of nutritional status and adverse outcomes in older hospitalized medical patients","volume":"47","author":"Covinsky","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115740","article-title":"The association between change in cognitive function and longevity in Dutch elderly","volume":"132","author":"Deeg","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601208","article-title":"Body mass index, weight change and mortality in the elderly","volume":"55","author":"Dey","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03510380049036","article-title":"Body mass index, weight change, and risk of mobility disability in middle-aged and older women","volume":"271","author":"Launer","year":"1994","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199911000-00005","article-title":"Independent effects of stable and changing body weight on total mortality","volume":"10","author":"Mikkelsen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116548","article-title":"Weight loss and mortality in a national cohort of adults, 1971-1987","volume":"136","author":"Pamuk","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-119-7_Part_2-199310011-00023","article-title":"Weight loss and subsequent death in a cohort of U.S. adults","volume":"119","author":"Pamuk","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(99)00186-9","article-title":"Nutrition risk factors for institutionalization in a free-living functionally dependent elderly population","volume":"53","author":"Payette","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/63.1.67","article-title":"Unintentional weight loss predicts decline in activities of daily living function and life-space mobility over 4 years among community-dwelling older adults","volume":"63","author":"Ritchie","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1995.tb05803.x","article-title":"Involuntary weight loss in older outpatients: Incidence and clinical significance","volume":"43","author":"Wallace","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(03)00142-2","article-title":"The effect of weight change on nursing care facility admission in the NHANES I epidemiologic follow-up survey","volume":"56","author":"Zizza","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8223(21)01878-2","article-title":"Low body weight and weight loss in the aged","volume":"90","author":"Fischer","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Am Diet Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(11)62113-7","article-title":"Rational approach to patients with unintentional weight loss","volume":"76","author":"Bouras","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2006.05.029","article-title":"The anorexia of aging in humans","volume":"88","author":"Hays","year":"2006","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(88)80004-6","article-title":"Anorexia in the elderly","volume":"9","author":"Morley","year":"1988","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"spec No. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.suppl_2.89","article-title":"Nutrition, physical activity, and quality of life in older adults: Summary","volume":"56","author":"Drewnowski","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2005.02.026","article-title":"Position paper of the American Dietetic Association: Nutrition across the spectrum of aging","volume":"105","author":"Kuczmarski","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Diet Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1989.tb20982.x","article-title":"Aging, nutrient choice, activity, and behavioral responses to nutrients","volume":"561","author":"Lieberman","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"spec No 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.suppl_2.65","article-title":"Dietary intake, dietary patterns, and changes with age: An epidemiological perspective","volume":"56","author":"Wakimoto","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"issue":"spec No 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.suppl_2.81","article-title":"Decreased food intake with aging","volume":"56","author":"Morley","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2007.02.002","article-title":"Benefits of snacking in older Americans","volume":"107","author":"Zizza","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Diet Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.2000.tb07538.x","article-title":"Energy regulation and aging: Recent findings and their implications","volume":"58","author":"Roberts","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00019.2005","article-title":"Nutrition and aging: Changes in the regulation of energy metabolism with aging","volume":"86","author":"Roberts","year":"2006","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00313.2003","article-title":"Invited review: Aging and energy balance","volume":"95","author":"Wilson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.47.11.1687","article-title":"Functional interactions between melanin-concentrating hormone, neuropeptide y, and anorectic neuropeptides in the rat hypothalamus","volume":"47","author":"Tritos","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3940","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.82.11.3940","article-title":"Neuropeptide Y injected in the paraventricular hypothalamus: A powerful stimulant of feeding behavior","volume":"82","author":"Stanley","year":"1985","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-9781(88)90013-7","article-title":"Food deprivation and ingestion induce reciprocal changes in neuropeptide Y concentrations in the paraventricular nucleus","volume":"9","author":"Sahu","year":"1988","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(90)90107-F","article-title":"Hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) in obese zucker rats: Implications in feeding and sexual behaviors","volume":"47","author":"Beck","year":"1990","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1126\/science.278.5343.1641","article-title":"Independent and additive effects of central POMC and leptin pathways on murine obesity","volume":"278","author":"Boston","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.1085","article-title":"Characterization of CART neurons in the rat and human hypothalamus","volume":"432","author":"Elias","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1038\/385165a0","article-title":"Role of melanocortinergic neurons in feeding and the agouti obesity syndrome","volume":"385","author":"Fan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1126\/science.278.5335.135","article-title":"Antagonism of central melanocortin receptors in vitro and in vivo by agouti-related protein","volume":"278","author":"Ollmann","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1993","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2006.03.034","article-title":"The role of CART in the reward\/reinforcing properties of psychostimulants","volume":"27","author":"Jaworski","year":"2006","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R138","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00465.2003","article-title":"Blunted hypothalamic neuropeptide gene expression in response to fasting, but preservation of feeding responses to AGRP in aging male Brown Norway rats","volume":"287","author":"Wolden-Hanson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2826.2003.01039.x","article-title":"Age-associated changes in hypothalamic and pituitary neuroendocrine gene expression in the rat","volume":"15","author":"Kappeler","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"suppl 6","key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib38","first-page":"7","article-title":"Central regulation of food intake in ageing","volume":"57","author":"Kmiec","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-0633","article-title":"Rikkunshito ameliorates the aging-associated decrease in ghrelin receptor reactivity via phosphodiesterase iii inhibition","volume":"151","author":"Takeda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Endocrinology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)90314-Y","article-title":"Age-related changes in cortico-releasing factor, somatostatin, neuropeptide Y, methionine enkephalin and beta-endorphin in specific rat brain areas","volume":"582","author":"Kowalski","year":"1992","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4460","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.137.10.8828508","article-title":"Fasting-induced increases in food intake and neuropeptide Y gene expression are attenuated in aging male Brown Norway rats","volume":"137","author":"Gruenewald","year":"1996","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/66.4.760","article-title":"Anorexia of aging: Physiologic and pathologic","volume":"66","author":"Morley","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(99)00057-X","article-title":"Anorexia and aging: Pathophysiology","volume":"15","author":"Morley","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2004.02.012","article-title":"Aged-obese rats exhibit robust responses to a melanocortin agonist and antagonist despite leptin resistance","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)90089-R","article-title":"Feeding and drinking responses to neuropeptide y injections in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus of aged rats","volume":"575","author":"Pich","year":"1992","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1492","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00554.2004","article-title":"Reduced feeding response to muscimol and neuropeptide Y in senescent F344 rats","volume":"288","author":"Coppola","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2006.05.012","article-title":"Age-related effect of peptide YY (PYY) on paw edema in the rat: The function of Y1 receptors on inflammatory cells","volume":"41","author":"Stanojevic","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2008.08.017","article-title":"The anti-inflammatory effect of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in rats is dependent on dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (dp4) activity and age","volume":"29","author":"Dimitrijevic","year":"2008","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1038\/380243a0","article-title":"A role for melanin-concentrating hormone in the central regulation of feeding behaviour","volume":"380","author":"Qu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80949-6","article-title":"Orexins and orexin receptors: A family of hypothalamic neuropeptides and G protein-coupled receptors that regulate feeding behavior","volume":"92","author":"Sakurai","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-03-01072.1999","article-title":"Synaptic interaction between hypocretin (orexin) and neuropeptide Y cells in the rodent and primate hypothalamus: A novel circuit implicated in metabolic and endocrine regulations","volume":"19","author":"Horvath","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1038\/25341","article-title":"Mice lacking melanin-concentrating hormone are hypophagic and lean","volume":"396","author":"Shimada","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI10660","article-title":"Melanin-concentrating hormone overexpression in transgenic mice leads to obesity and insulin resistance","volume":"107","author":"Ludwig","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib54","first-page":"E627","article-title":"Melanin-concentrating hormone: A functional melanocortin antagonist in the hypothalamus","volume":"274","author":"Ludwig","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(01)02476-4","article-title":"Plasma orexin-a is lower in patients with narcolepsy","volume":"318","author":"Higuchi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib56","first-page":"R178","article-title":"Modulation of food intake by peripherally administered amylin","volume":"267","author":"Morley","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E7","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00366.2002","article-title":"Aging and insulin secretion","volume":"284","author":"Chang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib58","first-page":"E785","article-title":"Human aging is associated with parallel reductions in insulin and amylin release","volume":"275","author":"Dechenes","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"issue":"spec No 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib59","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus in the elderly: Insulin resistance and\/or impaired insulin secretion?","volume":"31","author":"Scheen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS19830018","article-title":"Hormones and feed intake","volume":"42","author":"Baile","year":"1983","journal-title":"Proc Nutr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/0149-7634(86)90015-1","article-title":"The role of glucose, insulin and glucagon in the regulation of food intake and body weight","volume":"10","author":"Grossman","year":"1986","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-9781(88)90254-9","article-title":"Effect of gastrointestinal peptides on ingestion in old and young mice","volume":"9","author":"Silver","year":"1988","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib63","first-page":"R116","article-title":"Glucagon acts in the liver to control spontaneous meal size in rats","volume":"264","author":"Geary","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"B299","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/53A.4.B299","article-title":"Blood glucose and hormonal responses to small and large meals in healthy young and older women","volume":"53","author":"Melanson","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-9781(01)00604-0","article-title":"Roles of pancreatic polypeptide in regulation of food intake","volume":"23","author":"Katsuura","year":"2002","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2005.11.002","article-title":"Human pancreatic polypeptide has a marked diurnal rhythm that is affected by ageing and is associated with the gastric tff2 circadian rhythm","volume":"27","author":"Johns","year":"2006","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35069","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M700484200","article-title":"Low utilization of circulating glucose after food withdrawal in snell dwarf mice","volume":"282","author":"Brooks","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2654","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M505311200","article-title":"Mice lacking adiponectin show decreased hepatic insulin sensitivity and reduced responsiveness to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists","volume":"281","author":"Nawrocki","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16309","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.222657499","article-title":"Enhanced muscle fat oxidation and glucose transport by acrp30 globular domain: Acetyl-coa carboxylase inhibition and amp-activated protein kinase activation","volume":"99","author":"Tomas","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1038\/nm788","article-title":"Adiponectin stimulates glucose utilization and fatty-acid oxidation by activating amp-activated protein kinase","volume":"8","author":"Yamauchi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2007.06.003","article-title":"Adiponectin stimulates amp-activated protein kinase in the hypothalamus and increases food intake","volume":"6","author":"Kubota","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1029","article-title":"Adiponectin acts in the brain to decrease body weight","volume":"10","author":"Qi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14217","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2333912100","article-title":"Sustained peripheral expression of transgene adiponectin offsets the development of diet-induced obesity in rats","volume":"100","author":"Shklyaev","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2004.02.005","article-title":"Comparing adiposity profiles in three mouse models with altered gh signaling","volume":"14","author":"Berryman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Growth Horm IGF Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.2.268","article-title":"Sexual differentiation, pregnancy, calorie restriction, and aging affect the adipocyte-specific secretory protein adiponectin","volume":"52","author":"Combs","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/61.4.323","article-title":"Adipocytokines and lipid levels in Ames dwarf and calorie-restricted mice","volume":"61","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0997-1029","article-title":"Nonadipose tissue production of leptin: Leptin as a novel placenta-derived hormone in humans","volume":"3","author":"Masuzaki","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1038\/29547","article-title":"The stomach is a source of leptin","volume":"394","author":"Bado","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0802142","article-title":"Leptin: A review of its peripheral actions and interactions","volume":"26","author":"Margetic","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118206","article-title":"Expression of ob mRNA and its encoded protein in rodents","volume":"96","author":"Frederich","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1195-1155","article-title":"Leptin levels in human and rodent: Measurement of plasma leptin and ob RNA in obese and weight-reduced subjects","volume":"1","author":"Maffei","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(95)00943-4","article-title":"Diet- and diabetes-induced changes of ob gene expression in rat adipose tissue","volume":"371","author":"Becker","year":"1995","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1053\/meta.2001.25803","article-title":"Dexamethasone treatment induces long-lasting hyperleptinemia and anorexia in old rats","volume":"50","author":"Caldefie-Chezet","year":"2001","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2485","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-004-4083-2","article-title":"An update on the biology and physiology of resistin","volume":"61","author":"Adeghate","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42011","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M206975200","article-title":"Inhibition of adipocyte differentiation by resistin-like molecule alpha","volume":"277","author":"Blagoev","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2007-0529","article-title":"Adipokines and the peripheral and neural control of energy balance","volume":"22","author":"Ahima","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.2008.01949.x","article-title":"Possible common central pathway for resistin and insulin in regulating food intake","author":"Cifani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Physiol (Oxf)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2008.03.003","article-title":"Pituitary growth hormone suppression reduces resistin expression and enhances insulin effectiveness: Relationship with caloric restriction","volume":"43","author":"Chiba","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2006.10.001","article-title":"Ghrelin stimulates growth hormone secretion and food intake in aged rats","volume":"128","author":"Toshinai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mech Ageing Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3722","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-1650","article-title":"Efficacy of ghrelin as a therapeutic approach for age-related physiological changes","volume":"149","author":"Ariyasu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.42.10.784","article-title":"Increased plasma motilin concentrations in small cell carcinoma of the lung","volume":"42","author":"Noseda","year":"1987","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4530(92)90044-8","article-title":"Effects of peripheral hormones on memory and ingestive behaviors","volume":"17","author":"Morley","year":"1992","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-109-11-890","article-title":"Nutrition in the elderly","volume":"109","author":"Morley","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.2165\/00002512-199608020-00007","article-title":"Anorexia in older persons: Epidemiology and optimal treatment","volume":"8","author":"Morley","year":"1996","journal-title":"Drugs Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610203008779","article-title":"Eating habits and appetite control in the elderly: The anorexia of aging","volume":"15","author":"Donini","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2007.06.004","article-title":"Neuroendocrine control of food intake","volume":"18","author":"Valassi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00887","article-title":"Gut hormone PYY(3-36) physiologically inhibits food intake","volume":"418","author":"Batterham","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.175R001","article-title":"Plasma ghrelin concentrations in elderly subjects: Comparison with anorexic and obese patients","volume":"175","author":"Rigamonti","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3747","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021656","article-title":"Appetite, food intake, and plasma concentrations of cholecystokinin, ghrelin, and other gastrointestinal hormones in undernourished older women and well-nourished young and older women","volume":"88","author":"Sturm","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2004.02.004","article-title":"Endocrinology of anorexia of ageing","volume":"18","author":"Chapman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03346332","article-title":"The role of ghrelin in the energy homeostasis of elderly people: A population-based study","volume":"30","author":"Serra-Prat","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2008.27076","article-title":"Effect of age and frailty on ghrelin and cholecystokinin responses to a meal test","volume":"89","author":"Serra-Prat","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2008.03307.x","article-title":"Relationship between ghrelin and the metabolic syndrome in the elderly: A longitudinal population-based study","volume":"70","author":"Serra-Prat","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2008.09.002","article-title":"The aging population\u2014Is there a role for endocrine interventions?","volume":"19","author":"Nass","year":"2009","journal-title":"Growth Horm IGF Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2005.10.015","article-title":"The orexigenic effect of peripheral ghrelin differs between rats of different age and with different baseline food intake, and it may in part be mediated by the area postrema","volume":"87","author":"Gilg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1097\/00006676-198902000-00016","article-title":"Age and enzyme specificity of the response of developing rat pancreas to the trophic effects of bombesin","volume":"4","author":"Pollack","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.10.034","article-title":"Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript mediates the actions of cholecystokinin on rat vagal afferent neurons","volume":"138","author":"De Lartigue","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015211530695","article-title":"The anorexia of ageing","volume":"3","author":"Chapman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biogerontology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5830","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.12.8107","article-title":"Effect of exogenous cholecystokinin (CCK)-8 on food intake and plasma cck, leptin, and insulin concentrations in older and young adults: Evidence for increased cck activity as a cause of the anorexia of aging","volume":"86","author":"MacIntosh","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00495439","article-title":"Peptide YY (PYY) immunoreactivity is co-stored with glucagon-related immunoreactants in endocrine cells of the gut and pancreas","volume":"80","author":"Ali-Rachedi","year":"1984","journal-title":"Histochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib112","series-title":"US Census Bureau, Current Population Reports P23-209, 65+ in the United States: 2005","author":"He","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib113","series-title":"Older Americans 2008: Key Indicators of Well-Being","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.22.120301.071049","article-title":"Physiologic determinants of the anorexia of aging: Insights from animal studies","volume":"22","author":"Horwitz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib115","series-title":"Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib116","first-page":"640","article-title":"Evaluating and treating unintentional weight loss in the elderly","volume":"65","author":"Huffman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib117","first-page":"361","article-title":"Age-related increase in neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity in cerebrospinal fluid in women","volume":"85","author":"Taniguchi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3303","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0913","article-title":"Impaired beta-cell function in human aging: Response to nicotinic acid-induced insulin resistance","volume":"91","author":"Chang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-08-0427","article-title":"Associations of resistin with inflammatory and fibrinolytic markers, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and older chinese","volume":"159","author":"Qi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0800547","article-title":"Leptin selectively increases energy expenditure of food-restricted lean mice","volume":"22","author":"Doring","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib121","first-page":"E226","article-title":"Leptin increases uncoupling protein expression and energy expenditure","volume":"273","author":"Scarpace","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib122","first-page":"R1204","article-title":"Leptin increases energy expenditure and selectively promotes fat metabolism in ob\/ob mice","volume":"272","author":"Hwa","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1566","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2002.50414.x","article-title":"Leptin levels are appropriate for body mass index in older men who experience involuntary weight loss","volume":"50","author":"Yukawa","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Dietetic Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002822311002744?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002822311002744?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,24]],"date-time":"2021-11-24T09:52:07Z","timestamp":1637747527000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002822311002744"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]},"references-count":122,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002822311002744"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jada.2011.03.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-8223"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-8223","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]}}}