{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T18:28:31Z","timestamp":1786991311895,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,1]],"date-time":"2015-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435708800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N01-HC-95159"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95159"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N01-HC-95160"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95160"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N01-HC-95161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95161"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N01-HC-95162"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95162"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N01-HC-95163"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95163"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N01-HC-95164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95164"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N01-HC-95165"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95165"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N01-HC-95166"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95166"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N01-HC-95167"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95167"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N01-HC-95168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N01-HC-95169"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-HC-95169"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000097","name":"National Center for Research Resources","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1-TR-000040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1-TR-000040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000097","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000097","name":"National Center for Research Resources","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1-RR-025005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1-RR-025005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000097","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P60 MD 00206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P60 MD 00206"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,20]],"date-time":"2015-01-20T14:15:15Z","timestamp":1421763315000},"page":"684-697","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Sociodemographic Correlates of Cognition in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Annette L.","family":"Fitzpatrick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen R.","family":"Rapp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Luchsinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felicia","family":"Hill-Briggs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alvaro","family":"Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Gottesman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hochang","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mercedes","family":"Carnethon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kayleen","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. Richey","family":"Sharrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexis","family":"Frazier-Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constantine","family":"Lyketsos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Seeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2012.02.001","article-title":"2012 Alzheimer\u2019s disease facts and figures","volume":"8","year":"2012","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2007.04.381","article-title":"Forecasing the global burdern of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"3","author":"Brookmeyer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0b013e318211c6c9","article-title":"Diversity and disparity in dementia: the impact of ethnoracial differences in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"25","author":"Chin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/S1047-2797(02)00437-4","article-title":"Prevalence of dementia in three ethnic groups: the South Florida program on aging and health","volume":"13","author":"Demirovic","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.1.49","article-title":"Incidence of AD in African-Americans, Caribbean Hispanics, and Caucasians in Northern Manhattan","volume":"56","author":"Tang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2010.01.009","article-title":"2010 Alzheimer\u2019s disease facts and figures","volume":"6","year":"2010","journal-title":"Alzheimer's Dement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2009.04.1234","article-title":"Cognitive pormance and informant reports in the diagnosis of cognitive impairment and dementia in African Americans and whites","volume":"5","author":"Potter","year":"2009","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1166(199906)14:6<481::AID-GPS959>3.0.CO;2-5","article-title":"Rates of dementia in three enthnoracial groups","volume":"14","author":"Gurland","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0b013e318211c83c","article-title":"The relationship beween education and dementia: an updated systemic review","volume":"25","author":"Sharp","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwf113","article-title":"Multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis: objectives and design","volume":"156","author":"Bild","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610294001602","article-title":"The Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI): A practical test for cross-cultural epidemiological studies of dementia","volume":"6","author":"Teng","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib12","series-title":"Results of the Preliminary Testing of CASI C-2.0 (in Chinese). Psychological Testing in Chinese-Speaking Societies","first-page":"117","author":"Li","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610207005327","article-title":"Evaluating the uses of the total score and the domain scores in the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument, Chinese version (CASI C-2.0): results of confirmatory factor analysis","volume":"19","author":"Tsai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009000","article-title":"Prevalence of dementia and its subtypes in the Japanese American population of King County, Washington state. The Kame Project","volume":"144","author":"Graves","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S154","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/54B.3.S154","article-title":"Cognitive decline and Japanese culture in a cohort of older Japanese Americans in King County, WA: the Kame Project","volume":"54","author":"Graves","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03540120033030","article-title":"Prevalence of dementia in older Japanese-American men in Hawaii: The Honolulu-Asia Aging Study","volume":"276","author":"White","year":"1996","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib17","series-title":"Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III (WAIS-III)","author":"Wechsler","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.1991.tb00127.x","article-title":"Mediation of adult age differences in cognition by reductions in working memory and speed of processing","volume":"2","author":"Salthouse","year":"1991","journal-title":"Psychol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.11.4.621","article-title":"Mediators of long-term memory performance across the life span","volume":"11","author":"Park","year":"1996","journal-title":"Psychol Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.9.3.339","article-title":"Sensory functioning and intelligence in old age: a strong connection","volume":"9","author":"Lindenberger","year":"1994","journal-title":"Psychol Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1080\/13854040902881958","article-title":"Challenges in the neuropsychological assessment of ethnic minorities: summit proceedings","volume":"23","author":"Romero","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Neuropsychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acn.2007.01.006","article-title":"Race-specific norms: using the model of hypertension to understand issues of race, culture, and education in neuropsychology","volume":"22","author":"Manly","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Clin Neuropsychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-008-9064-z","article-title":"Lifecourse social conditions and racial and ethnic patterns of cognitive aging","volume":"18","author":"Glymour","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropsychol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1076\/clin.15.1.2.1915","article-title":"Research in clinical neuropsychology with Hispanic American participants: a review","volume":"15","author":"Gasquoine","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Neuropsychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1080\/13854040903058960","article-title":"Increasing culturally competent neuropsychological services for ethnic minority populations: a call to action","volume":"24","author":"Mindt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Neuropsychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617702813157","article-title":"Reading level attenuates differences in neuropsychological test performance between African American and White elders","volume":"8","author":"Manly","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Int Neuropsychol Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib27","first-page":"968","article-title":"Racial differences in cognitive decline in a sample of community-dwelling older adults: the mediating role of education and literacy","volume":"13","author":"Sachs-Ericsson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617709090821","article-title":"Effects of race and socioeconomic status on the relative influence of education and literacy on cognitive functioning","volume":"15","author":"Dotson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Int Neuropsychol Soc"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1064748115000573?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1064748115000573?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,26]],"date-time":"2018-09-26T01:56:45Z","timestamp":1537927005000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1064748115000573"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S1064748115000573"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.01.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-7481"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-7481","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]}}}