{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,12]],"date-time":"2026-11-12T01:06:22Z","timestamp":1794445582629,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","ajgponline.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T20:06:31Z","timestamp":1724357191000},"page":"178-191","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Association of Cognitive Frailty With Subsequent All-Cause Mortality Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in 17 Countries"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Yemin","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huaxin","family":"Si","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanshang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiqi","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolong","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2022.01.012","article-title":"Cognitive frailty is associated with elevated proinflammatory markers and a higher risk of mortality","volume":"30","author":"Diniz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2013.06.004","article-title":"Frailty and cognitive impairment: a review of the evidence and causal mechanisms","volume":"12","author":"Robertson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"issue":"10206","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31785-4","article-title":"Management of frailty: opportunities, challenges, and future directions","volume":"394","author":"Dent","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2020.01.002","article-title":"Frailty and cognitive decline","volume":"221","author":"Fabr\u00edcio","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2018.08.001","article-title":"Shared biological pathways for frailty and cognitive impairment: a systematic review","volume":"47","author":"Sargent","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2019.0521","article-title":"Understanding the physiological links between physical frailty and cognitive decline","volume":"11","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-013-0367-2","article-title":"Cognitive frailty: rational and definition from an (I.A.N.A.\/I.A.G.G.) international consensus group","volume":"17","author":"Kelaiditi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01926","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1926","article-title":"Cognitive frailty as a predictor of adverse outcomes among older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Bu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2019.103997","article-title":"Cognitive frailty as a predictor of dementia among older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"87","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.09.001","article-title":"Co-occurrence of cognitive impairment and physical frailty, and incidence of dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"107","author":"Grande","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-022-1833-5","article-title":"Association between cognitive frailty and adverse outcomes among older adults: a meta-analysis","volume":"26","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2018.1493719","article-title":"Combined effects of cognitive impairment and pre-frailty on future frailty and death in older Mexican Americans","volume":"23","author":"Downer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aging Ment Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-019-1217-7","article-title":"Self-reported cognitive frailty predicts adverse health outcomes for community-dwelling older adults based on an analysis of sex and age","volume":"23","author":"Okura","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2018.00295","article-title":"Frailty and cognitive impairment in predicting mortality among oldest-old people","volume":"10","author":"Hao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2008.02136.x","article-title":"Cognitive impairment improves the predictive validity of the phenotype of frailty for adverse health outcomes: the three-city study","volume":"57","author":"Avila-Funes","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2016.10.012","article-title":"Reversible cognitive frailty, dementia, and all-cause mortality. The Italian longitudinal study on aging","volume":"18","author":"Solfrizzi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610216002088","article-title":"The cumulative effect of frailty and cognition on mortality: results of a prospective cohort study","volume":"29","author":"St John","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2017.10.006","article-title":"The effects of frailty and cognitive impairment on 3-year mortality in older adults","volume":"107","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2016.09.015","article-title":"Cognitive frailty and adverse health outcomes: findings from the singapore longitudinal ageing studies (SLAS)","volume":"18","author":"Feng","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-324081","article-title":"Cumulative health deficits, APOE genotype, and risk for later-life mild cognitive impairment and dementia","volume":"92","author":"Ward","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys203","article-title":"Cohort profile: the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS)","volume":"43","author":"Zhao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0022","series-title":"User Guide for 2006 Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing","year":"2007"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys168","article-title":"Cohort profile: the English longitudinal study of ageing","volume":"42","author":"Steptoe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyt088","article-title":"Data resource profile: the survey of health, ageing and retirement in Europe (SHARE)","volume":"42","author":"B\u00f6rsch-Supan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyu067","article-title":"Cohort profile: the health and retirement study (HRS)","volume":"43","author":"Sonnega","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyu263","article-title":"Cohort profile: the mexican health and aging study (MHAS)","volume":"46","author":"Wong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0027","unstructured":"Tips & tools #23: doing multiple waves of data collection. Accessed July 2, 2024. https:\/\/tobaccoeval.ucdavis.edu\/sites\/g\/files\/dgvnsk5301\/files\/inline-files\/MultipleMeasures.pdf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"j2856","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j2856","article-title":"Temporal trend in dementia incidence since 2002 and projections for prevalence in England and Wales to 2040: modelling study","volume":"358","author":"Ahmadi-Abhari","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e55","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2021.2230","article-title":"Depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment: a 10-year follow-up study from the survey of health, ageing and retirement in Europe","volume":"64","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2318-8-24","article-title":"A standard procedure for creating a frailty index","volume":"8","author":"Searle","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e650","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(20)30113-4","article-title":"Frailty index and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Chinese adults: a prospective cohort study","volume":"5","author":"Fan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2021.104112","article-title":"Prevalence of cognitive frailty among community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"125","author":"Qiu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170963","article-title":"Different cognitive frailty models and health- and cognitive-related outcomes in older age: from epidemiology to prevention","volume":"62","author":"Panza","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2023.08.001","article-title":"Relationship between cognitive frailty and mortality in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"Qiu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430-020-00841-x","article-title":"Mediterranean diet and the hallmarks of ageing","volume":"75","author":"Shannon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1766","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.035742","article-title":"Mediterranean diet and the association between air pollution and cardiovascular disease mortality risk","volume":"139","author":"Lim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e112","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2014.302344","article-title":"The contribution of national disparities to international differences in mortality between the United States and 7 European countries","volume":"105","author":"van Hedel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(18)30091-4","article-title":"Frailty and pre-frailty in middle-aged and older adults and its association with multimorbidity and mortality: a prospective analysis of 493\u2008737 UK Biobank participants","volume":"3","author":"Hanlon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13384","article-title":"Associations between nutritional frailty and 8-year all-cause mortality in older adults: the salus in apulia study","volume":"290","author":"Zupo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-020-00163-7","article-title":"Sex-specific muscle and metabolic biomarkers associated with gait speed and cognitive transitions in older adults: a 9-year follow-up","volume":"42","author":"Waters","year":"2020","journal-title":"Geroscience"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.200484","article-title":"Sex differences in mortality: results from a population-based study of 12 longitudinal cohorts","volume":"193","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2018.288332","article-title":"Differences between men and women in mortality and the health dimensions of the morbidity process","volume":"65","author":"Crimmins","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113971","article-title":"Partnership and mortality in mid and late life: protection or selection?","volume":"279","author":"Requena","year":"2021","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(22)00317-6","article-title":"Health and cancer risks associated with low levels of alcohol consumption","volume":"8","author":"Anderson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1064748124004366?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1064748124004366?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T16:27:19Z","timestamp":1736267239000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1064748124004366"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1064748124004366"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-7481"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-7481","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Association of Cognitive Frailty With Subsequent All-Cause Mortality Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in 17 Countries","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.08.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}