{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T18:07:35Z","timestamp":1790878055655,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,1]],"date-time":"2017-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498867200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,1]],"date-time":"2017-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498867200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,7]],"date-time":"2017-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1486425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jaci-inpractice.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,25]],"date-time":"2017-04-25T11:30:13Z","timestamp":1493119813000},"page":"967-978.e3","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Cluster Analysis on Longitudinal Data of Patients with Adult-Onset Asthma"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Pinja","family":"Ilmarinen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leena E.","family":"Tuomisto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Onni","family":"Niemel\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minna","family":"Tommola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jussi","family":"Haanp\u00e4\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannu","family":"Kankaanranta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.041","article-title":"Distinguishing severe asthma phenotypes: role of age at onset and eosinophilic inflammation","volume":"113","author":"Miranda","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12136","article-title":"Three phenotypes of adult-onset asthma","volume":"68","author":"Amelink","year":"2013","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2678","article-title":"Asthma phenotypes: the evolution from clinical to molecular approaches","volume":"18","author":"Wenzel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514868","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/514868","article-title":"Phenotypes, risk factors and mechanisms of adult-onset asthma","volume":"2015","author":"Ilmarinen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200906-0896OC","article-title":"Identification of asthma phenotypes using cluster analysis in the severe asthma research program","volume":"181","author":"Moore","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00100811","article-title":"Identification of asthma clusters in two independent Korean adult asthma cohorts","volume":"41","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e102987","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0102987","article-title":"Statistical cluster analysis of the British Thoracic Society Severe Refractory Asthma Registry: clinical outcomes and phenotype stability","volume":"9","author":"Newby","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.10.006","article-title":"Phenotypes determined by cluster analysis in severe or difficult-to-treat asthma","volume":"133","author":"Schatz","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.04.038","article-title":"Prognostic value of cluster analysis of severe asthma phenotypes","volume":"134","author":"Bourdin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200711-1754OC","article-title":"Cluster analysis and clinical asthma phenotypes","volume":"178","author":"Haldar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15042","DOI":"10.1038\/npjpcrm.2015.42","article-title":"Sein\u00e4joki Adult Asthma Study (SAAS): a protocol for a 12-year real-life follow-up study of new-onset asthma diagnosed at adult age and treated in primary and specialised care","volume":"25","author":"Kankaanranta","year":"2015","journal-title":"NPJ Prim Care Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2016.06.017","article-title":"A\u00a012-year prognosis of adult-onset asthma: Sein\u00e4joki Adult Asthma Study","volume":"117","author":"Tuomisto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00034805","article-title":"Standardisation of spirometry","volume":"26","author":"Miller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00850-2016","article-title":"The effect of smoking on lung function: a clinical study on adult-onset asthma","volume":"48","author":"Tommola","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib15","unstructured":"Global Initiative for Asthma. From the global strategy for asthma management and prevention. Available from: www.ginasthma.org\/. Accessed October 27,\u00a02014."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0954-6111(98)90423-1","article-title":"Asthma health status measurement in clinical practice: validity of a new short and simple instrument","volume":"92","author":"Barley","year":"1998","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.09.008","article-title":"Development of the asthma control test: a survey for assessing asthma control","volume":"113","author":"Nathan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib18","unstructured":"Global Initiative for Asthma; Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Asthma, COPD and asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS). Available from: www.goldcopd.org\/. Accessed April 2,\u00a02015."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.2332\/allergolint.12-OA-0467","article-title":"Asthma phenotypes in Japanese adults\u2014their associations with the CCL5 and ADRB2 genotypes","volume":"62","author":"Kaneko","year":"2013","journal-title":"Allergol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1080\/14622200601078293","article-title":"The influence of cigarette smoking on adult asthma outcomes","volume":"9","author":"Eisner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.12.1574","article-title":"Clinical outcomes and inflammatory biomarkers in current smokers and ex-smokers with severe asthma","volume":"131","author":"Thomson","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2466-14-119","article-title":"Long-term smoking increases the need for acute care among asthma patients: a case control study","volume":"14","author":"Kauppi","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3690628","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3690628","article-title":"Emerging co-morbidities in adult asthma: risks, clinical associations and mechanisms","volume":"2016","author":"Kankaanranta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.13-1796","article-title":"Mediator effect of depressive symptoms on the association between BMI and asthma control in adults","volume":"146","author":"Boudreau","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02198-2015","article-title":"Co-morbidities and elevated IL-6 associate with negative outcome in adult-onset asthma","volume":"48","author":"Ilmarinen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-015-0528-y","article-title":"Asthma is different in women","volume":"15","author":"Zein","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.52.7.608","article-title":"Loss of normal cyclical beta 2 adrenoceptor regulation and increased premenstrual responsiveness to adenosine monophosphate in stable female asthmatic patients","volume":"52","author":"Tan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.08.019","article-title":"Menopause as a predictor of new-onset asthma: a longitudinal Northern European population study","volume":"137","author":"Triebner","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.152.4.7551368","article-title":"Menopause, postmenopausal estrogen preparations, and the risk of adult-onset asthma: a prospective cohort study","volume":"152","author":"Troisi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2009.116079","article-title":"Postmenopausal hormone therapy and asthma onset in the E3N cohort","volume":"65","author":"Romieu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2005.040881","article-title":"Hormone replacement therapy, body mass index and asthma in perimenopausal women: a cross sectional survey","volume":"61","author":"Gomez Real","year":"2006","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.07.053","article-title":"Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma (ARIA): achievements in 10 years and future needs","volume":"130","author":"Bousquet","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2012.4.4.171","article-title":"Recent developments in united airways disease","volume":"4","author":"Ciprandi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Immunol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12742","article-title":"Resistin is a predictor of asthma risk and resistin: adiponectin ratio is a negative predictor of lung function in asthma","volume":"46","author":"Ballantyne","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12891","article-title":"Sex hormones and systemic inflammation are modulators of the obese-asthma phenotype","volume":"71","author":"Scott","year":"2016","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2015.05.001","article-title":"Prognosis of new-onset asthma diagnosed at adult age","volume":"109","author":"Tuomisto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0133490","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0133490","article-title":"Asthma is more severe in older adults","volume":"10","author":"Zein","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00012415","article-title":"Biomarkers to identify sputum eosinophilia in different adult asthma phenotypes","volume":"46","author":"Westerhof","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bibE1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1080\/00365518209168377","article-title":"Spirometric studies in non-smoking, healthy adults","volume":"159","author":"Viljanen","year":"1982","journal-title":"Scand J Clin Lab Invest Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bibE2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200406-710ST","article-title":"ATS\/ERS recommendations for standardized procedures for the online and offline measurement of exhaled lower respiratory nitric oxide and nasal nitric oxide, 2005","volume":"171","author":"American Thoracic Society; European Respiratory Society","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J\u00a0Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bibE3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60240-2","article-title":"Epidemiology of multimorbidity and implications for health care, research, and medical education: a cross-sectional study","volume":"380","author":"Barnett","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027_bibE4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02198-2015","article-title":"Co-morbidities and elevated IL-6 associate with negative outcome in adult-onset asthma","volume":"48","author":"Ilmarinen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S221321981730048X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S221321981730048X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T05:12:51Z","timestamp":1761973971000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S221321981730048X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S221321981730048X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-2198"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-2198","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cluster Analysis on Longitudinal Data of Patients with Adult-Onset Asthma","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.027","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}