{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T09:30:04Z","timestamp":1787218204616,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]],"date-time":"2024-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717718400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":372,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K24 NR018866"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K24 NR018866"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 NR017939"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 NR017939"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR002378"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR002378"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jaci-inpractice.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T02:19:17Z","timestamp":1677637157000},"page":"1814-1822","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Poorer Caregiver Mental and Social Health Is Associated With Worse Respiratory Outcomes in Preschool Children With Recurrent Wheezing"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2933-5926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne M.","family":"Fitzpatrick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Badiallo","family":"Diani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dio","family":"Kavalieratos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. Alison","family":"Corace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carrie","family":"Mason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morgan","family":"Van Dresser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jocelyn R.","family":"Grunwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.10.039","article-title":"Wheeze trajectories: determinants and outcomes in the CHILD Cohort Study","volume":"149","author":"Dai","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2018.09.016","article-title":"Phenotypes of recurrent wheezing in preschool children: identification by latent class analysis and utility in prediction of future exacerbation","volume":"7","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202009-3696OC","article-title":"Recurrent severe preschool wheeze: from prespecified diagnostic labels to underlying endotypes","volume":"204","author":"Robinson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2019.10.026","article-title":"Characterization of longitudinal wheeze phenotypes from infancy to adolescence in Project Viva, a prebirth cohort study","volume":"145","author":"Sordillo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201811-837OC","article-title":"Distinguishing wheezing phenotypes from infancy to adolescence. A pooled analysis of five birth cohorts","volume":"16","author":"Oksel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib6","unstructured":"National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS). National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Hyattsville, MD. 2019. Accessed November 15, 2022. http:\/\/cdc.gov\/asthma\/healthcare-use\/2019\/table_a.html"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib7","unstructured":"Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample (NIS). Rockville, MD. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. 2019. Accessed November 15, 2022. http:\/\/cdc.gov\/asthma\/healthcare-use\/2019\/table_b.html"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2021.02.045","article-title":"Which wheezing preschoolers should be treated for asthma?","volume":"9","author":"Bacharier","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2021.05.015","article-title":"Risk factors for pediatric asthma readmissions: a systematic review","volume":"236","author":"Hogan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.4086","article-title":"Spending on children\u2019s personal health care in the United States, 1996-2013","volume":"171","author":"Bui","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-018-0726-2","article-title":"The economic burden of pediatric asthma in the United States: literature review of current evidence","volume":"37","author":"Perry","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2020.02.003","article-title":"Psychological and socioeconomic burdens faced by family caregivers of children with asthma: an integrative review","volume":"34","author":"Foronda","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Health Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.11124\/JBISRIR-2017-004019","article-title":"Experiences of parents and carers in managing asthma in children: a qualitative systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Fawcett","year":"2019","journal-title":"JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00780-2015","article-title":"The burden of severe asthma in childhood and adolescence: results from the paediatric U-BIOPRED cohorts","volume":"46","author":"Fleming","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.08.031","article-title":"Caregiver\u2019s functional status during a young child\u2019s asthma exacerbation: a validated instrument","volume":"137","author":"Jensen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.03.005","article-title":"Maternal stress and depression are associated with respiratory phenotypes in urban children","volume":"148","author":"Ramratnam","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.04.011","article-title":"The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) developed and tested its first wave of adult self-reported health outcome item banks: 2005-2008","volume":"63","author":"Cella","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00435966","article-title":"Measuring quality of life in the parents of children with asthma","volume":"5","author":"Juniper","year":"1996","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2000.110478","article-title":"Validation of a pediatric asthma caregiver diary","volume":"106","author":"Santanello","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.01.058","article-title":"Test for respiratory and asthma control in kids (TRACK): a caregiver-completed questionnaire for preschool-aged children","volume":"123","author":"Murphy","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.08.010","article-title":"Test for Respiratory and Asthma Control in Kids (TRACK): clinically meaningful changes in score","volume":"128","author":"Zeiger","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201602-0272OC","article-title":"Relationships among maternal stress and depression, type 2 responses, and recurrent wheezing at age 3 years in low-income urban families","volume":"195","author":"Ramratnam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib23","unstructured":"National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention social determinants of health. Atlanta, GA. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2022. Accessed December 29, 2022. http:\/\/cdc.gov\/nchhstp\/socialdeterminants\/index.html"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2021.12.043","article-title":"Social vulnerability is associated with poorer outcomes in preschool children with recurrent wheezing despite standardized and supervised medical care","volume":"10","author":"Mutic","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2022.1446","article-title":"Childhood asthma incidence, early and persistent wheeze, and neighborhood socioeconomic factors in the ECHO\/CREW Consortium","volume":"176","author":"Zanobetti","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss7005a1","article-title":"Asthma surveillance\u2014United States, 2006-2018","volume":"70","author":"Pate","year":"2021","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.07.024","article-title":"Understanding racial disparities in childhood asthma using individual- and neighborhood-level risk factors","volume":"150","author":"Correa-Agudelo","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2017.04.008","article-title":"Predictors of emergency department use in children with persistent asthma in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia","volume":"119","author":"Franklin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2052","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2018.11.022","article-title":"Racial disparities in asthma-related health care use in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute\u2019s Severe Asthma Research Program","volume":"143","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.11.004","article-title":"New considerations of health disparities within allergy and immunology","volume":"151","author":"Udemgba","year":"2023","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2021.10.065","article-title":"Geospatial analysis of social determinants of health identifies neighborhood hot spots associated with pediatric intensive care use for life-threatening asthma","volume":"10","author":"Grunwell","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0000000000002986","article-title":"Geospatial analysis of social determinants of health identifies neighborhood hot spots associated with pediatric intensive care use for acute respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation","volume":"23","author":"Najjar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.10.018","article-title":"Hospitalizations at United States children\u2019s hospitals and severity of illness by Neighborhood Child Opportunity Index","volume":"254","author":"Heneghan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2017.08.007","article-title":"The Child Opportunity Index and disparities in pediatric asthma hospitalizations across one Ohio metropolitan area, 2011-2013","volume":"190","author":"Beck","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.0269","article-title":"Explaining racial disparities in child asthma readmission using a causal inference approach","volume":"170","author":"Beck","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2022.03.016","article-title":"Predictors of pediatric frequent emergency department use among 7.6 million pediatric patients in New York","volume":"22","author":"Anyatonwu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acad Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1080\/02770903.2020.1761383","article-title":"Predictors of future acute asthma visits among children receiving guideline recommended emergency department discharge management","volume":"58","author":"Dhaliwal","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Asthma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2018.12.030","article-title":"Caregiver-reported asthma control predicts future visits, independent of guideline-based control measures","volume":"7","author":"Kochis","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2021.10.015","article-title":"Follow-up after asthma emergency department visits and its relationship with subsequent asthma-related utilization","volume":"22","author":"Bardach","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acad Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1080\/02770903.2022.2149409","article-title":"Utilization of the emergency department as a routine source of care among children with asthma","volume":"60","author":"Davis","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Asthma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1080\/02770903.2021.1955131","article-title":"Determinants of racial and ethnic disparities in utilization of hospital-based care for asthma among Medi-Cal children in Los Angeles","volume":"59","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Asthma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-020-0899-6","article-title":"Structural and social determinants of health in asthma in developed economies: a scoping review of literature published between 2014 and 2019","volume":"20","author":"Sullivan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213219823002271?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213219823002271?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T05:39:56Z","timestamp":1761975596000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213219823002271"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S2213219823002271"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-2198"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-2198","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Poorer Caregiver Mental and Social Health Is Associated With Worse Respiratory Outcomes in Preschool Children With Recurrent Wheezing","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.02.023","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}