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Options for investigating the effects of these and other drugs on clinical progression and pathogenesis of AD were examined at a conference that included: (1) a review of experimental methods used to investigate disease\u2010modifying drugs for multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease, and osteoporosis; (2) discussion of possible study designs and outcome measures for trials in patients with AD; and (3) discussion of biomarkers available for AD. There is no uniformly best way to investigate a drug's impact on AD progression but characteristics of studies supportive of a disease\u2010slowing effect can be specified. 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