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In this study, our aim was to determine whether the LOAD risk variants at these three loci influence memory endophenotypes in black and white subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We pursued an association study between single nucleotide polymorphism genotypes at\u00a0the <jats:italic>CLU<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CR1<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>PICALM<\/jats:italic> loci and memory endophenotypes. We assessed black subjects (AA series: 44 with LOAD and 224 control subjects) recruited at Mayo Clinic Florida and whites recruited at Mayo Clinic Minnesota (RS series: 372 with LOAD and 1690 control subjects) and Florida (JS series: 60 with LOAD and 529 control subjects). Single nucleotide polymorphisms at the LOAD risk loci <jats:italic>CLU<\/jats:italic> (rs11136000), <jats:italic>CR1<\/jats:italic> (rs6656401, rs3818361), and <jats:italic>PICALM<\/jats:italic> (rs3851179) were genotyped and tested for association with Logical Memory immediate recall, Logical Memory delayed recall, Logical Memory percent retention, Visual Reproduction immediate recall, Visual Reproduction delayed recall, and Visual Reproduction percent retention scores from the Wechsler Memory Scale\u2013Revised using multivariable linear regression analysis, adjusting for age at exam, sex, education, and apolipoprotein E \u03b54 dosage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified nominally significant or suggestive associations between the LOAD\u2010risky <jats:italic>CR1<\/jats:italic> variants and worse Logical Memory immediate recall scores in blacks (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .068\u2013.046, \u03b2\u00a0=\u00a0\u22122.7 to \u22121.2). The LOAD\u2010protective <jats:italic>CLU<\/jats:italic> variant is associated with better logical memory endophenotypes in white subjects (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .099\u2013.027, \u03b2\u00a0=\u00a00.31\u20130.93). The <jats:italic>CR1<\/jats:italic> associations persisted when the control subjects from the AA series were assessed separately. The <jats:italic>CLU<\/jats:italic> associations appeared to be driven by one of the white series (RS) and were also observed when the control subset from RS was analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results suggest for the first time that LOAD risk variants at <jats:italic>CR1<\/jats:italic> may influence memory endophenotypes in blacks. In addition, the <jats:italic>CLU<\/jats:italic> LOAD\u2010protective variant may confer enhanced memory in whites. Although these results would not remain significant after stringent corrections for multiple testing, they need to be considered in the context of the LOAD associations with which they have biological consistency. They also provide estimates for effect sizes on memory endophenotypes that could guide future studies. The detection of memory effects for these variants in clinically normal subjects, implies that these LOAD risk loci might modify memory prior to clinical diagnosis of AD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2013.01.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,2]],"date-time":"2013-05-02T12:32:05Z","timestamp":1367497925000},"page":"205-213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Evaluation of memory endophenotypes for association with <i>CLU<\/i>, <i>CR1,<\/i> and <i>PICALM<\/i> variants in black and white subjects"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Otto","family":"Pedraza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Florida Department of Psychiatry and Psychology Jacksonville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariet","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Florida Department of Neuroscience Jacksonville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyle","family":"Jennette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Florida Department of Neuroscience Jacksonville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minerva","family":"Carrasquillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Florida Department of Neuroscience Jacksonville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Crook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Florida Biostatistics Unit Jacksonville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Serie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Florida Biostatistics Unit Jacksonville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V. 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