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We developed national prevalence estimates of diagnosed dementia and subtypes in the highest risk United States (US) population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicaid administrative enrollment and claims data for 100% of Medicare fee\u2010for\u2010service beneficiaries enrolled during 2011\u20132013 and age \u226568 years as of December 31, 2013 (n = 21.6 million).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Over 3.1 million (14.4%) beneficiaries had a claim for a service and\/or treatment for any dementia subtype. Dementia not otherwise specified was the most common diagnosis (present in 92.9%). The most common subtype was Alzheimer's (43.5%), followed by vascular (14.5%), Lewy body (5.4%), frontotemporal (1.0%), and alcohol induced (0.7%). The prevalence of other types of diagnosed dementia was 0.2%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study is the first to document concurrent prevalence of primary dementia subtypes among this US population. 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