{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T20:12:23Z","timestamp":1792181543318,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]],"date-time":"2015-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446336000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","jamda.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the American Medical Directors Association"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,21]],"date-time":"2015-10-21T02:47:47Z","timestamp":1445395667000},"page":"1003.e7-1003.e11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":348,"title":["Social Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults as a Risk Factor for Disability"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Hyuma","family":"Makizako","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Shimada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kota","family":"Tsutsumimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanyoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takehiko","family":"Doi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sho","family":"Nakakubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Hotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takao","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M146","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.3.M146","article-title":"Frailty in older adults: Evidence for a phenotype","volume":"56","author":"Fried","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2007.113","article-title":"Comparison of 2 frailty indexes for prediction of falls, disability, fractures, and death in older women","volume":"168","author":"Ensrud","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)62167-9","article-title":"Frailty in elderly people","volume":"381","author":"Clegg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)04402-X","article-title":"A\u00a0brief clinical instrument to classify frailty in elderly people","volume":"353","author":"Rockwood","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Models, definitions, and criteria of frailty","volume":"15","author":"Hogan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2006.04021.x","article-title":"Factors contributing to frailty: Literature review","volume":"56","author":"Levers","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Adv Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2318-11-33","article-title":"Predicting ADL disability in community-dwelling elderly people using physical frailty indicators: A systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Vermeulen","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/62.7.731","article-title":"Frailty: An emerging research and clinical paradigm\u2013issues and controversies","volume":"62","author":"Bergman","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afs047","article-title":"Prevalence of frailty phenotypes and risk of mortality in a community-dwelling elderly cohort","volume":"42","author":"Garre-Olmo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2013.03.010","article-title":"Combined prevalence of frailty and mild cognitive impairment in a population of elderly Japanese people","volume":"14","author":"Shimada","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6","article-title":"\u201cMini-mental state\u201d. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician","volume":"12","author":"Folstein","year":"1975","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61176-8","article-title":"Population ageing and wellbeing: Lessons from Japan's long-term care insurance policy","volume":"378","author":"Tamiya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53175.x","article-title":"Care-needs certification in the long-term care insurance system of Japan","volume":"53","author":"Tsutsui","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.12360","article-title":"Relationships between each category of 25-item frailty risk assessment (Kihon checklist) and newly certified older adults under long-term care insurance: A 24-month follow-up study in a rural community in Japan","volume":"15","author":"Fukutomi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib15","first-page":"709","article-title":"Geriatric depression scale","volume":"24","author":"Yesavage","year":"1988","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.03.019","article-title":"Incidence of disability in frail older persons with or without Slow walking speed","volume":"16","author":"Shimada","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib17","first-page":"261","article-title":"Frequency of going outdoors as a good predictors for incident disability of physical function as well as disability recovery in community-dwelling older adults in rural Japan","volume":"16","author":"Fujita","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbt130","article-title":"Psychosocial influences in onset and progression of late life disability","volume":"69","author":"Mendes de Leon","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afq020","article-title":"Can the higher risk of disability onset among older people who live alone be alleviated by strong social relations? A longitudinal study of non-disabled men and women","volume":"39","author":"Lund","year":"2010","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2003.08.003","article-title":"Social relations as determinant of onset of disability in aging","volume":"38","author":"Avlund","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnr135","article-title":"The predictive validity of the Tilburg Frailty Indicator: Disability, health care utilization, and quality of life in a population at risk","volume":"52","author":"Gobbens","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-4943(02)00081-X","article-title":"Longitudinal changes in higher-level functional capacity of an older population living in a Japanese urban community","volume":"36","author":"Fujiwara","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"P28","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/62.1.P28","article-title":"Feelings of Usefulness to Others, Disability, and Mortality in Older Adults: The MacArthur Study of Successful Aging","volume":"62","author":"Gruenewald","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02113-9","article-title":"Influence of social network on occurrence of dementia: A community-based longitudinal study","volume":"355","author":"Fratiglioni","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2007.115923","article-title":"Social network, cognitive function, and dementia incidence among elderly women","volume":"98","author":"Crooks","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2009.135","article-title":"Association between late-life social activity and motor decline in older adults","volume":"169","author":"Buchman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S93","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/58.2.S93","article-title":"Social networks, social integration, and social engagement determine cognitive decline in community-dwelling Spanish older adults","volume":"58","author":"Zunzunegui","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.19.3.26","article-title":"Long-term care insurance comes to Japan","volume":"19","author":"Campbell","year":"2000","journal-title":"Health Aff"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Medical Directors Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525861015005630?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525861015005630?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,18]],"date-time":"2018-09-18T10:57:34Z","timestamp":1537268254000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1525861015005630"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S1525861015005630"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023","relation":{},"ISSN":["1525-8610"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1525-8610","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Social Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults as a Risk Factor for Disability","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the American Medical Directors Association","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.08.023","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 AMDA \u2013 The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}