{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T18:30:54Z","timestamp":1786991454703,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004752","name":"State Government of Victoria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004752","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jamda.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the American Medical Directors Association"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]],"date-time":"2020-06-29T03:32:15Z","timestamp":1593401535000},"page":"117-123.e1","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Rates of PRN Medication Administration in Australian Residential Aged Care"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9472-8531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonie","family":"Picton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenni","family":"Ilom\u00e4ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire S.","family":"Keen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samanta","family":"Lalic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beverly","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa M.","family":"Clinnick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carl M.","family":"Kirkpatrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taliesin","family":"Ryan-Atwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin P.","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Simon","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2016.12.011","article-title":"Medication management policy, practice and research in Australian residential aged care: Current and future directions","volume":"116","author":"Sluggett","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.03.003","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with polypharmacy in long-term care facilities: A systematic review","volume":"16","author":"Jokanovic","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sapharm.2017.11.004","article-title":"Frequency of and factors related to pro re nata (PRN) medication use in aged care services","volume":"14","author":"Stasinopoulos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Res Social Adm Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-016-2059-4","article-title":"Pro re nata (as needed) medication in nursing homes: The longer you stay, the more you get?","volume":"72","author":"D\u00f6rks","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/27.3.385","article-title":"Medication prescribing and administration in nursing homes","volume":"27","author":"Roberts","year":"1998","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1023\/B:PHAR.0000026803.89436.a8","article-title":"Factors influencing PRN medication use in nursing homes","volume":"26","author":"Stokes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pharm World Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib8","author":"Carnell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib9","author":"Groves"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1007\/s40266-015-0325-2","article-title":"Analgesic use and daytime sleepiness in residents with and without dementia in residential aged care facilities","volume":"32","author":"Tan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drugs Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-007-0283-7","article-title":"Adverse drug effects in elderly people\u2014a disparity between clinical examination and adverse effects self-reported by the patient","volume":"63","author":"Lampela","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib13","article-title":"Patient safety and pro re nata prescription and administration: A systematic review","volume":"6","author":"Vaismoradi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacy (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2018.10.024","article-title":"Pro re nata drug use in nursing home residents: A systematic review","volume":"20","author":"D\u00f6rks","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib15","first-page":"CD003441","article-title":"\u2018As required\u2019 medication regimens for seriously\u00a0mentally ill people in hospital","author":"Douglas-Hall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1111\/inm.12306","article-title":"Nurses' attitudes towards the use of PRN psychotropic medications in acute and forensic mental health settings","volume":"27","author":"Barr","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Ment Health Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib17","article-title":"EpiData - comprehensive data management and basic statistical analysis system. 4.4.2.1 ed. Odense Denmark","year":"2010"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/ajag.12676","article-title":"Process, impact and outcomes of medication review in Australian residential aged care facilities: A systematic review","volume":"38","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Australas J Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14683","article-title":"Systematic review of the prevalence of medication errors resulting in hospitalization and death of nursing home residents","volume":"65","author":"Ferrah","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.16413","article-title":"Both new and chronic potentially inappropriate medications continued at hospital discharge are associated with\u00a0increased risk of adverse events","volume":"68","author":"Weir","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1177\/0891988718785765","article-title":"An iceberg phenomenon in dementia: Pain","volume":"31","author":"Agit","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib22","author":"Brisbane South Palliative Care Collaborative"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2009.02376.x","article-title":"American Geriatrics Society Panel on the Pharmacological Management of Persistent Pain in Older Persons. Pharmacological management of Persistent pain in older persons","volume":"57","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib24","series-title":"AMH aged care companion (online)","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib25","author":"The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0000000000000173","article-title":"Antipsychotic drug use in nursing home residents with and without dementia: Keep an eye on the pro re nata medication","volume":"32","author":"Allers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-016-0363-6","article-title":"The association between benzodiazepine use and sleep quality in residential aged care facilities: A cross-sectional study","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Medical Directors Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525861020303649?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525861020303649?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T19:23:36Z","timestamp":1761506616000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1525861020303649"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1525861020303649"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033","relation":{},"ISSN":["1525-8610"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1525-8610","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Rates of PRN Medication Administration in Australian Residential Aged Care","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the American Medical Directors Association","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.04.033","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 AMDA - The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}