{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T12:42:58Z","timestamp":1793104978404,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","jamda.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the American Medical Directors Association"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T00:07:01Z","timestamp":1730938021000},"page":"105346","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Hospitalization Due to Infections before and after Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7609-5451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heli","family":"J\u00e4rvinen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna-Maija","family":"Tolppanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirpa","family":"Hartikainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(01)01443-5","article-title":"Immunosenescence and infectious diseases","volume":"3","author":"Ginaldi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1086\/313947","article-title":"Clinical relevance of age-related immune dysfunction","volume":"31","author":"Castle","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181b6bb95","article-title":"Systemic inflammation and disease progression in Alzheimer disease","volume":"73","author":"Holmes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00144-4","article-title":"Hospital-treated infectious diseases and the risk of dementia: a large, multicohort, observational study with a replication cohort","volume":"21","author":"Sipil\u00e4","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14256","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease and related syndromes and hospitalization: a nationwide 5-year longitudinal study","volume":"27","author":"Gombault-Datzenko","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4222","article-title":"Use and cost of hospitalization in dementia: longitudinal results from a community-based study: use and cost of hospitalization in dementia","volume":"30","author":"Zhu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1159\/000171044","article-title":"Reasons for hospital admissions in dementia patients in Birmingham, UK, during 2002-2007","volume":"26","author":"Natalwala","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.7528","article-title":"Association of infection-related hospitalization with cognitive impairment among nursing home residents","volume":"4","author":"Gracner","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.16909","article-title":"Association of hospitalization with long-term cognitive trajectories in older adults","volume":"69","author":"Sprung","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib10","first-page":"559","article-title":"The association between cognitive impairment and functional outcome in hospitalised older patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"46","author":"Hartley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcad065","article-title":"Infections among individuals with multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer\u2019s disease and Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"5","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-03940-z","article-title":"Risk factors of pneumonia in persons with and without Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a matched cohort study","volume":"23","author":"J\u00e4rvinen","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2017.07.758","article-title":"World Health Organisation\u2019s global action plan on the public health response to dementia 2017\u20132025","volume":"13","author":"Dua","year":"2017","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-012100","article-title":"Cohort profile: the finnish medication and Alzheimer\u2019s disease (MEDALZ) study","volume":"6","author":"Tolppanen","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.152.8.1228","article-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","volume":"152","author":"Guze","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.34.7.939","article-title":"Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: report of the NINCDS-ADRDA work group under the auspices of department of health and human services task force on Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"34","author":"McKhann","year":"1984","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2013.03.004","article-title":"Validity of dementia and Alzheimer\u2019s disease diagnoses in finnish national registers","volume":"10","author":"Solomon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement J Alzheimers Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494812456637","article-title":"Quality of the finnish hospital discharge register: a systematic review","volume":"40","author":"Sund","year":"2012","journal-title":"Scand J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-023-09345-3","article-title":"Diagnostic groups of hospital stays and outpatient visits during 10 years before Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"23","author":"M\u00e4klin","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1086\/605562","article-title":"Infectious disease hospitalizations in the United States","volume":"49","author":"Christensen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1086\/519268","article-title":"Population-based epidemiologic analysis of acute pyelonephritis","volume":"45","author":"Czaja","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200506-888OC","article-title":"Preinfection systemic inflammatory markers and risk of hospitalization due to pneumonia","volume":"172","author":"Yende","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2014.04.014","article-title":"Precipitating factors of delirium: stress response to multiple triggers among patients with and without dementia","volume":"59","author":"Holtta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2008.05.026","article-title":"Predisposing and precipitating factors for delirium in a frail geriatric population","volume":"65","author":"Laurila","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychosom Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2002.50468.x","article-title":"Delirium superimposed on dementia: a systematic review","volume":"50","author":"Fick","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h369","article-title":"Assessment and management of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia","volume":"350","author":"Kales","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcx077","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: associations with caregiver burden and treatment outcomes","volume":"110","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"QJM Int J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib28","first-page":"299","article-title":"Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in adults: a systematic review of observational studies","volume":"94","author":"Almirall","year":"2017","journal-title":"Respir Int Rev Thorac Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2015.07.002","article-title":"Bacteruria and urinary tract infections in the elderly","volume":"42","author":"Detweiler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Urol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib30","article-title":"CDC Revises RSV Vaccination Recommendation for Older Adults in US","author":"Harris","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.16205","article-title":"The prevention of infections in older adults: vaccination","volume":"68","author":"Coll","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.16154","article-title":"The prevention of infections in older adults: oral health","volume":"68","author":"Coll","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib34","article-title":"Vaccines for preventing herpes zoster in older adults","volume":"3","author":"Gagliardi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-181295","article-title":"Hospital-treated pneumonia associated with opioid use among community dwellers with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"69","author":"Hamina","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy809","article-title":"Long-acting opioid use and the risk of serious infections: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"68","author":"Wiese","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39462","article-title":"Opioid analgesics and the risk of serious infections among patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a self-controlled case series study","volume":"68","author":"Wiese","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/11.6.954","article-title":"Risk of infectious complications in patients taking glucocorticosteroids","volume":"11","author":"Stuck","year":"1989","journal-title":"Rev Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3457","article-title":"The Nordic prescription databases as a resource for pharmacoepidemiological research--a literature review","volume":"22","author":"Wettermark","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Medical Directors Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525861024007680?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525861024007680?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,25]],"date-time":"2024-12-25T01:01:08Z","timestamp":1735088468000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1525861024007680"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1525861024007680"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346","relation":{},"ISSN":["1525-8610"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1525-8610","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Hospitalization Due to Infections before and after Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the American Medical Directors Association","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105346","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medical Association.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105346"}}