{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T08:10:38Z","timestamp":1778487038510,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006095","name":"South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022066"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jamda.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the American Medical Directors Association"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T08:09:30Z","timestamp":1750838970000},"page":"105718","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Associations Between Frailty, Illness Severity, and Long-Term Mortality Among Older Adults Admitted to Municipal Acute Care"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3615-6401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonor","family":"Roa Santervas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Torgeir Bruun","family":"Wyller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Skovlund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Espen Saxhaug","family":"Kristoffersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Romskaug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60240-2","article-title":"Epidemiology of multimorbidity and implications for health care, research, and medical education: a cross-sectional study","volume":"380","author":"Barnett","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckac160","article-title":"Burden of disease among older adults in Europe-trends in mortality and disability, 1990-2019","volume":"33","author":"Iburg","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2017.12.002","article-title":"The joint action on health workforce planning and forecasting: results of a European programme to improve health workforce policies","volume":"122","author":"Kroezen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-024-11351-y","article-title":"Care models for individuals with chronic multimorbidity: lessons for low- and middle-income countries","volume":"24","author":"Endalamaw","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2021.04.005","article-title":"\u201cTop-three\u201d health reforms in 31 high-income countries in 2018 and 2019: an expert informed overview","volume":"125","author":"Polin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s12873-022-00571-2","article-title":"Predictors of short- and long-term mortality in critically ill, older adults admitted to the emergency department: an observational study","volume":"22","author":"Olsson","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0594.2012.00847.x","article-title":"Predicting the in-patient outcomes of acute medical admissions from the nursing home: the experience of St James's Hospital, Dublin, 2002-2010","volume":"12","author":"Romero-Ortuno","year":"2012","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14133","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of mortality for older adults referred to hospital avoidance program","volume":"21","author":"Gul","year":"2021","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2301292","article-title":"Frailty in older adults","volume":"391","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-020-01801-7","article-title":"A scoping review of the clinical frailty scale","volume":"20","author":"Church","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S388160","article-title":"The association between the clinical frailty scale and adverse health outcomes in older adults in acute clinical settings - a systematic review of the literature","volume":"18","author":"Falk","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-024-01315-0","article-title":"Frailty assessment in critically ill older adults: a narrative review","volume":"14","author":"Mo\u00efsi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S472991","article-title":"The association between frailty evaluated by clinical frailty scale and mortality of older patients in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study","volume":"19","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1007\/s41999-021-00555-8","article-title":"Association between clinical frailty, illness severity and post-discharge survival: a prospective cohort study of older medical inpatients in Norway","volume":"13","author":"Engvig","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Geriatr Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2023.01.002","article-title":"Integrating the clinical frailty scale with emergency department triage systems for elder patients: a prospective study","volume":"66","author":"Ng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib17","article-title":"Addition of the clinical frailty scale to triage tools and early warning scores improves mortality prognostication at 30 days: a prospective observational multicenter study","volume":"5","author":"Wretborn","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib18","series-title":"National Early Warning Score (NEWS): Standardising the Assessment of Acute-Illness Severity in the NHS. Report of a Working Party","first-page":"1","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2023.07.004","article-title":"Predictive usefulness of qSOFA, NEWS and GYM scores in the elderly patient: EDEN-5 study","volume":"42","author":"Garc\u00eda-Lamberechts","year":"2024","journal-title":"Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-011021","article-title":"The national early warning score (NEWS) for outcome prediction in emergency department patients with community-acquired pneumonia: results from a 6-year prospective cohort study","volume":"6","author":"Sbiti-Rohr","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2008.03.004","article-title":"Should age be included as a component of track and trigger systems used to identify sick adult patients?","volume":"78","author":"Smith","year":"2008","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmed.2022-0426","article-title":"NEWS2 and the older person","volume":"22","author":"Vardy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Med (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0265559","article-title":"The use of early warning system scores in prehospital and emergency department settings to predict clinical deterioration: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Guan","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-017-0436-3","article-title":"The most commonly used disease severity scores are inappropriate for risk stratification of older emergency department sepsis patients: an observational multi-centre study","volume":"25","author":"de Groot","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2021-001938","article-title":"Prognostic value of cardiac biomarkers and national early warning score 2 in acute dyspnoea","volume":"9","author":"Berge","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-022-08066-3","article-title":"Finding good alternatives to hospitalisation: a data register study in five municipal acute wards in Norway","volume":"22","author":"Nystr\u00f8m","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2023.01.013","article-title":"National early warning scores following emergency hospital transfer: implications for care home residents","volume":"24","author":"Barker","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Med Directors Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1002\/nop2.1091","article-title":"A study to introduce national early warning scores (NEWS) in care homes: influence on decision-making and referral processes","volume":"9","author":"Hodgson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nurs Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.050051","article-title":"A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people","volume":"173","author":"Rockwood","year":"2005","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.5770\/cgj.23.463","article-title":"Using the clinical frailty scale in allocating scarce health care resources","volume":"23","author":"Rockwood","year":"2020","journal-title":"Can Geriatr J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afab006","article-title":"A classification tree to assist with routine scoring of the clinical frailty scale","volume":"50","author":"Theou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib33","series-title":"National Early Warning Score (NEWS) 2: Standardising the Assessment of Acute-Illness Severity in the NHS. Updated Report of a Working Party","first-page":"1","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8","article-title":"A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation","volume":"40","author":"Charlson","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Chronic Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2102953","article-title":"New creatinine- and cystatin C-based equations to estimate GFR without race","volume":"385","author":"Inker","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-019-05853-1","article-title":"The contribution of frailty, cognition, activity of daily life and comorbidities on outcome in acutely admitted patients over 80 years in European ICUs: the VIP2 study","volume":"46","author":"Guidet","year":"2020","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed-2020-210628","article-title":"The association between vital signs and clinical outcomes in emergency department patients of different age categories","volume":"39","author":"Candel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-023-03468-5","article-title":"The effect of relative hypotension on 30-day mortality in older people receiving emergency care","volume":"19","author":"van Oppen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Intern Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-022-02104-0","article-title":"Resting respiration rate predicts all-cause mortality in older outpatients","volume":"34","author":"Takayama","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00223-4","article-title":"Delirium","volume":"6","author":"Wilson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmed.2022-0345","article-title":"NEWS2 shows low sensitivity and high specificity for delirium detection: a single site observational study of 13,908 patients","volume":"22","author":"Vardy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Med (Lond)"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Medical Directors Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S152586102500235X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S152586102500235X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T07:35:50Z","timestamp":1778484950000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S152586102500235X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S152586102500235X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718","relation":{},"ISSN":["1525-8610"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1525-8610","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Associations Between Frailty, Illness Severity, and Long-Term Mortality Among Older Adults Admitted to Municipal Acute Care","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the American Medical Directors Association","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2025.105718","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medical Association.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105718"}}