{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T09:43:27Z","timestamp":1781948607962,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007217","name":"Health Services Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007217","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100021309","name":"Center for Care Innovations","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100021309","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006190","name":"US Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Research &amp; Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CIN13-413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIN13-413"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["andjrnl.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T11:39:37Z","timestamp":1678275577000},"page":"1044-1052.e5","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Characteristics Associated with Persistent Versus Transient Food Insecurity Among US Veterans Screened in the Veterans Health Administration"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4445-703X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nipa","family":"Kamdar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie E.","family":"Hundt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Ramsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shubhada","family":"Sansgiry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Utech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8616-4297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa","family":"Horning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Drew A.","family":"Helmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib1","author":"Coleman-Jensen"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1017\/S136898001400072X","article-title":"Food insecurity among veterans of the US wars in Iraq and Afghanistan","volume":"18","author":"Widome","year":"2015","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1177\/003335491513000313","article-title":"Food insecurity and health: Data from the Veterans Aging Cohort Study","volume":"130","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2018.01.002","article-title":"Access to care and health outcomes among women veterans using Veterans Administration Health care: Association with food insufficiency","volume":"28","author":"Narain","year":"2018","journal-title":"Womens Health Issues"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.outlook.2020.08.011","article-title":"Food insecurity: Comparing odds between working-age veterans and nonveterans with children","volume":"69","author":"Kamdar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nurs Outlook"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib6","author":"Rabbitt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib8","author":"Barrett"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib9","first-page":"1517","article-title":"Transient, but not persistent, adult food insecurity influences toddler development","volume":"139","author":"Hernandez","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2021.105128","article-title":"Persistence and transience of food insecurity and predictors among residents of two disadvantaged communities in South Carolina","volume":"161","author":"Liese","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib11","author":"Devereux"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1097\/NT.0b013e3181c29f79","article-title":"Can low-income Americans afford a healthy diet?","volume":"44","author":"Drewnowski","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nutr Today"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1830","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2015.0645","article-title":"Food insecurity and health outcomes","volume":"34","author":"Gundersen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib14","first-page":"304","article-title":"Food insecurity is associated with chronic disease among low-income NHANES participants","volume":"140","author":"Seligman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1000072","article-title":"Hunger and socioeconomic disparities in chronic disease","volume":"363","author":"Seligman","year":"2010","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e55","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2012.300971","article-title":"Household food insecurity during childhood and subsequent health status: The Early Childhood Longitudinal Study\u2014Kindergarten Cohort","volume":"102","author":"Ryu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib17","first-page":"240","article-title":"Persistent food insecurity is associated with adverse mental health among women living with or at risk of HIV in the United States","volume":"149","author":"Tuthill","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib18","author":"Dewey"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1353\/hpu.2012.0116","article-title":"Chronic health conditions and depressive symptoms strongly predict persistent food insecurity among rural low-income families","volume":"23","author":"Hanson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Health Care Poor Underserved"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980021004584","article-title":"Risk factors for veteran food insecurity: Findings from a National US Department of Veterans Affairs Food Insecurity Screener","volume":"25","author":"Cohen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980015003067","article-title":"Food insecurity in veteran households: Findings from nationally representative data","volume":"19","author":"Miller","year":"2016","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pooler JA, Srinivasan M, Miller Z, Mian P. Prevalence and risk factors for food insecurity among low-income US military veterans. Public Health Rep. 2021136(5):618-625.","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354920974662"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E04","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd14.160375","article-title":"Screening for food insecurity in six Veterans Administration clinics for the homeless, June\u2013December 2015","volume":"14","author":"O\u2019Toole","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prev Chronic Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2016.04.003","article-title":"Food and housing insecurity and health status among U.S. adults with and without prior military service","volume":"2","author":"Schure","year":"2016","journal-title":"SSM Popul Heal"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-017-0910-7","article-title":"Food insecurity among veterans: Findings from the health and retirement study","volume":"21","author":"Brostow","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Nutr Heal Aging"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-021-02071-3","article-title":"Risk for depression and suicidal ideation among food insecure U.S. veterans: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study","volume":"56","author":"Kamdar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e65","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e318297429c","article-title":"Why summary comorbidity measures such as the Charlson Comorbidity Index and Elixhauser score work","volume":"53","author":"Austin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2004.03.012","article-title":"New ICD-10 version of the Charlson Comorbidity Index predicted in-hospital mortality","volume":"57","author":"Sundararajan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-1981","article-title":"Food insecurity, food \u201cdeserts,\u201d and glycemic control in patients with diabetes: A longitudinal analysis","volume":"41","author":"Berkowitz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12082407","article-title":"Malnutrition and food insecurity might pose a double burden for older adults","volume":"12","author":"Gkiouras","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2564","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2015.302836","article-title":"Prevalence, comorbidity, and prognosis of mental health among US veterans","volume":"105","author":"Trivedi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib35","series-title":"Stata [computer program]. Release 16","year":"2019"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.12691\/ajams-8-2-1","article-title":"Detecting multicollinearity in regression analysis","volume":"8","author":"Shrestha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Appl Math Stat"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1080\/19320248.2020.1855284","article-title":"Getting food to the table: Challenges, strategies, and compromises experienced by low-income veteran","volume":"17","author":"Kamdar","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hunger Environ Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjmilitary-2021-001903","article-title":"Veteran help-seeking behaviour for mental health issues: A systematic review","volume":"168","author":"Randles","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Mil Health"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3638","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-021-07293-4","article-title":"Changes in food insecurity and changes in patient-reported outcomes: A nationally representative cohort study","volume":"37","author":"Berkowitz","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18052411","article-title":"Racial and ethnic disparities in U.S. veteran health characteristics","volume":"18","author":"Ward","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1097\/FCH.0000000000000183","article-title":"Examining the impact of structural racism on food insecurity: Implications for addressing racial\/ethnic disparities","volume":"41","author":"Odoms-Young","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fam Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2015.11.014","article-title":"Food insecurity and mental illness: Disproportionate impacts in the context of perceived stress and social isolation","volume":"132","author":"Martin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib44","series-title":"Big Hunger: The Unholy Alliance Between Corporate America and Anti-Hunger Groups","author":"Fisher","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib45","author":"Cohen"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0232001","article-title":"Mental and substance use disorders and food insecurity among homeless adults participating in the At Home\/Chez Soi study","volume":"15","author":"Lachaud","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291799001841","article-title":"Current and residual functional disability associated with psychopathology: Findings from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS)","volume":"30","author":"Bijl","year":"2000","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.53.1.80","article-title":"Prevalence and severity of mental health\u2013related disability and relationship to diagnosis","volume":"53","author":"Sanderson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.03.013","article-title":"Employment and relationship outcomes in first-episode psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies","volume":"231","author":"Ajnakina","year":"2021","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfda.2013.09.038","article-title":"Family and social aspects of substance use disorders and treatment","volume":"21","author":"Daley","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Food Drug Anal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.62.1.pss6201_0035","article-title":"Employment status of patients in the VA health system: Implications for mental health services","volume":"62","author":"Zivin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201300335","article-title":"The employment status of people with mental illness: National survey data from 2009 and 2010","volume":"65","author":"Luciano","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1521-0391.2011.00166.x","article-title":"Association of substance use and VA service-connected disability benefits with risk of homelessness among veterans","volume":"20","author":"Edens","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Addict"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED-D-14-00435","article-title":"Health and health care service utilization among U.S. veterans denied VA service-connected disability compensation: A review of the literature","volume":"180","author":"Fried","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2020.112865","article-title":"food insecurity and population trends with a focus on adults with disabilities","volume":"220","author":"Coleman-Jensen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2019.03.011","article-title":"Disability and food access and insecurity: A scoping review of the literature","volume":"57","author":"Schwartz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Heal Place"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2018.09.006","article-title":"Food insecurity and disability in the United States","volume":"12","author":"Heflin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Disabil Health J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006_bib60","article-title":"White Paper: The Hunger Vital Sign\u2122: Best Practices for Screening and Intervening to Alleviate Food Insecurity","author":"Rottapel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Children's HealthWatch"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2212267223001259?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2212267223001259?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T20:34:31Z","timestamp":1761942871000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2212267223001259"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S2212267223001259"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["2212-2672"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2212-2672","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Characteristics Associated with Persistent Versus Transient Food Insecurity Among US Veterans Screened in the Veterans Health Administration","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jand.2023.03.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}