{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T13:52:00Z","timestamp":1792331520935,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]],"date-time":"2007-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1167609600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]],"date-time":"2007-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1167609600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Anxiety Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,22]],"date-time":"2006-07-22T07:17:05Z","timestamp":1153552625000},"page":"284-301","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":112,"title":["Social anxiety, depressive symptoms, and post-event rumination: Affective consequences and social contextual influences"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Todd B.","family":"Kashdan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John E.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.113.1.136","article-title":"Post-event rumination and negative self-appraisal in social phobia before and after treatment","volume":"113","author":"Abott","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib2","series-title":"Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions","author":"Aiken","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.52.1.100","article-title":"Attributional responses of anxious individuals to different patterns of social feedback: Nothing succeeds like improvement","volume":"52","author":"Alden","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6185(02)00244-X","article-title":"Generalized social phobia and social judgments: The salience of self- and partner-information","volume":"18","author":"Alden","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.129.6.887","article-title":"The social risk hypothesis of depressed mood: Evolutionary, psychosocial, and neurobiological perspectives","volume":"129","author":"Allen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib6","series-title":"Impression management theory and social psychological research","first-page":"311","article-title":"Self-presentational styles","author":"Arkin","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167297234003","article-title":"The experimental generation of interpersonal closeness: A procedure and some preliminary findings","volume":"23","author":"Aron","year":"1997","journal-title":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.51.6.1173","article-title":"The moderator\u2013mediator variable distinction in social psychology research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations","volume":"51","author":"Baron","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1521\/jscp.1990.9.2.165","article-title":"Anxiety and social exclusion","volume":"9","author":"Baumeister","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib10","series-title":"Beck depression inventory manual","author":"Beck","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-7358(88)90050-5","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the Beck depression inventory: 25 years of evaluation","volume":"8","author":"Beck","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.9.1.21","article-title":"Validation of the social interaction anxiety scale and the social phobia scale across the anxiety disorders","volume":"9","author":"Brown","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1891\/jcop.16.4.435.52528","article-title":"Self-directed thought and response to treatment for depression: A preliminary investigation","volume":"16","author":"Ciesla","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib14","series-title":"Social phobia: Diagnosis, assessment, and treatment","first-page":"69","article-title":"A cognitive model of social phobia","author":"Clark","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib15","series-title":"The interactional nature of depression: Advances in interpersonal approaches","first-page":"93","article-title":"Loneliness, shyness, and depression: The etiology and interrelationships of everyday problems in living","author":"Dill","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026395526858","article-title":"Postevent rumination and recall bias for a social performance event in high and low socially anxious individuals","volume":"27","author":"Edwards","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(00)00114-5","article-title":"Comorbid anxiety and mood disorders among persons with social anxiety disorder","volume":"40","author":"Erwin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2003.08.004","article-title":"Post-event processing and the retrieval of autobiographical memories in socially anxious individuals","volume":"18","author":"Field","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fox J. (2004). Effects: Effect displays for linear and generalized linear models. Rpackage version 1.0-5. http:\/\/www.r-project.org\/.","DOI":"10.32614\/CRAN.package.effects"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1080\/026999300402808","article-title":"Extracting meaning from past affective experiences: The importance of peaks, ends, and specific emotions","volume":"14","author":"Fredrickson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cognition and Emotion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-953X(05)70260-4","article-title":"Evolution and social anxiety: The role of attraction, social competition, and social hierarchies","volume":"24","author":"Gilbert","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychiatric Clinics of North America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005595513315","article-title":"Anticipated reactions to social events: differences among individuals with generalized social phobia, obsessive compulsive disorder, and nonanxious controls","volume":"24","author":"Gilboa-Schechtmann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7894(05)80308-9","article-title":"Assessment of anxiety in social interaction and being observed by others: The Social Interaction Anxiety Scale and the Social Phobia Scale","volume":"23","author":"Heimberg","year":"1992","journal-title":"Behavior Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib24","series-title":"International handbook of social anxiety: Concepts, research and interventions relating to the self and shyness","first-page":"357","article-title":"Social anxiety and depression","author":"Ingram","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.106.3.386","article-title":"Shyness and low social support as interactive diatheses, with loneliness as mediator: Testing and interpersonal-personality view of vulnerability to depressive symptoms","volume":"106","author":"Joiner","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.106.2.221","article-title":"The response styles theory of depression: Tests and an extension of the theory","volume":"106","author":"Just","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2004.10.005","article-title":"Affective outcomes and cognitive processes in superficial and intimate interactions: Roles of social anxiety and curiosity","volume":"40","author":"Kashdan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Personality"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2006.01674.x","article-title":"Expanding the topography of social anxiety: An experience sampling assessment of positive emotions and events, and emotion suppression","volume":"17","author":"Kashdan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychological Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7894(05)80115-7","article-title":"A transactional approach to social anxiety and the genesis of interpersonal closeness: Self, partner, and social context","volume":"36","author":"Kashdan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behavior Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib30","series-title":"Social phobia and social anxiety: An integration","first-page":"321","article-title":"Social anxiety as an early warning system: A refinement and extension of the self-presentational theory of social anxiety","author":"Leary","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1521\/jscp.1987.5.1.34","article-title":"Social anxiety and dyadic conversation: A verbal response analysis","volume":"5","author":"Leary","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-6566(88)90032-3","article-title":"Self-presentational concerns and social anxiety: The role of generalized impression expectancies","volume":"22","author":"Leary","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Personality"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.75.1.166","article-title":"Effects of ruminative and distracting responses to depressed mood on retrieval of autobiographical memories","volume":"75","author":"Lyubomirsky","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(97)10031-6","article-title":"Development and validation of measures of social phobia scrutiny fear and social interaction anxiety","volume":"36","author":"Mattick","year":"1998","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(99)00040-6","article-title":"Cognitive processes in social anxiety: The effects of self-focus, rumination and anticipatory processing","volume":"38","author":"Mellings","year":"2000","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-6494.1995.tb00812.x","article-title":"On the nature of embarrassability: Shyness, social evaluation, and social skill","volume":"63","author":"Miller","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Personality"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib37","series-title":"Embarrassment: Poise and peril in everyday life","author":"Miller","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.58.3.519","article-title":"Effects of responses to depression on the remediation of depressive affect","volume":"58","author":"Morrow","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018769531641","article-title":"Neuroticism and ruminative response style as predictors of change in depressive symptomatology","volume":"22","author":"Nolan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.100.4.569","article-title":"Responses to depression and their effects on the duration of depressive episodes","volume":"100","author":"Nolen-Hoeksema","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.109.3.504","article-title":"The role of rumination in depressive disorders and mixed anxiety\/depressive symptoms","volume":"109","author":"Nolen-Hoeksema","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1080\/02699939308409206","article-title":"The effects of rumination and distraction on naturally-occurring depressed moods","volume":"7","author":"Nolen-Hoeksema","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cognition and Emotion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.102.1.20","article-title":"Response style and the duration of episodes of depressed mood","volume":"102","author":"Nolen-Hoeksema","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib44","unstructured":"R Development Core Team (2005). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. ISBN 3-900051-07-0, URL http:\/\/www.R-project.org."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(99)00089-3","article-title":"Post-event processing in social anxiety","volume":"38","author":"Rachman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(97)00022-3","article-title":"A cognitive-behavioral model of anxiety in social phobia","volume":"35","author":"Rapee","year":"1997","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib47","series-title":"HLM 5: Hierarchical linear and nonlinear modeling","author":"Raudenbush","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018713313894","article-title":"Ruminative response style and vulnerability to episodes of dysphoria: Gender, neuroticism, and episode duration","volume":"22","author":"Roberts","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appsy.2004.09.001","article-title":"The role of avoidance of emotional material in the anxiety disorders","volume":"11","author":"Salters-Pedneault","year":"2004","journal-title":"Applied and Preventive Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1177\/0261927X8543002","article-title":"Social anxiety and communication about the self","volume":"4","author":"Schlenker","year":"1985","journal-title":"Journal of Language and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(02)00177-8","article-title":"The observer perspective: Effects on social anxiety and performance","volume":"41","author":"Spurr","year":"2003","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018787430249","article-title":"Ruminating and distracting: The effects of sequential tasks on depressed mood","volume":"23","author":"Trask","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(98)00016-3","article-title":"Detection of negative and positive audience behaviours by socially anxious subjects","volume":"36","author":"Veljaca","year":"1998","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01173016","article-title":"A comparison of social standards and perceived ability in anxious and nonanxious men","volume":"15","author":"Wallace","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.106.3.416","article-title":"Social phobia and positive social events: The price of success","volume":"106","author":"Wallace","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib56","series-title":"Mood and temperament","author":"Watson","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.54.6.1063","article-title":"Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS","volume":"54","author":"Watson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.105.1.61","article-title":"Effects of focus of attention on anxiety levels and social performance of individuals with social phobia","volume":"105","author":"Woody","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Anxiety Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0887618506000922?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0887618506000922?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:48:30Z","timestamp":1760136510000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0887618506000922"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007]]}},"alternative-id":["S0887618506000922"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0887-6185"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0887-6185","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Social anxiety, depressive symptoms, and post-event rumination: Affective consequences and social contextual influences","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.05.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}