{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T04:05:21Z","timestamp":1792814721051,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,9]],"date-time":"2019-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004829","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019YJ0693"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YJ0693"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004829","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003129","name":"First Affiliated Hospital, Liaoning Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018XYLH-017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018XYLH-017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81471993"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81471993"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81672071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81672071"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Advanced Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,12]],"date-time":"2019-10-12T01:39:34Z","timestamp":1570844374000},"page":"169-176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":475,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections: A review of case updating and clinical features"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6630-6078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanguang","family":"Cong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sijin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9905-760X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiancai","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2013.08.018","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus: a pathogen with still unresolved issues","volume":"21","author":"Rasigade","year":"2014","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2200","article-title":"Waves of resistance: Staphylococcus aureus in the antibiotic era","volume":"7","author":"Chambers","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0015","series-title":"Staphylococcus aureus, in StatPearls","author":"Taylor","year":"2019"},{"issue":"44","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36854","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.395962","article-title":"Properties of a novel PBP2A protein homolog from Staphylococcus aureus strain LGA251 and its contribution to the beta-lactam-resistant phenotype","volume":"287","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.158.2.513-516.1984","article-title":"Low-affinity penicillin-binding protein associated with beta-lactam resistance in Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"158","author":"Hartman","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-018-0147-4","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: an overview of basic and clinical research","volume":"17","author":"Turner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1086\/599376","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of intravascular catheter-related infection: 2009 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"49","author":"Mermel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-97-3-344","article-title":"Vancomycin therapy for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"97","author":"Sorrell","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2254","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.20.2254","article-title":"Trends in antibacterial use in US academic health centers: 2002 to 2006","volume":"168","author":"Pakyz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"9092","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)07324-8","article-title":"Dissemination in Japanese hospitals of strains of Staphylococcus aureus heterogeneously resistant to vancomycin","volume":"350","author":"Hiramatsu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa025025","article-title":"Infection with vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus containing the vanA resistance gene","volume":"348","author":"Chang","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0060","first-page":"269","article-title":"Vancomycin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"90","author":"McGuinness","year":"2017","journal-title":"Yale J Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2014.00217","article-title":"Vancomycin revisited - 60 years later","volume":"2","author":"Rubinstein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01601","article-title":"Molecular events for promotion of vancomycin resistance in vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"7","author":"Hu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.2217\/17460913.3.5.547","article-title":"Acquired vancomycin resistance in clinically relevant pathogens","volume":"3","author":"Werner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Future Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00042-09","article-title":"Reduced vancomycin susceptibility in Staphylococcus aureus, including vancomycin-intermediate and heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate strains: resistance mechanisms, laboratory detection, and clinical implications","volume":"23","author":"Howden","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(01)00091-3","article-title":"Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a new model of antibiotic resistance","volume":"1","author":"Hiramatsu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7103","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.185.24.7103-7110.2003","article-title":"Alterations of cell wall structure and metabolism accompany reduced susceptibility to vancomycin in an isogenic series of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"185","author":"Sieradzki","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2276","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.9.2276-2285.2000","article-title":"Contribution of a thickened cell wall and its glutamine nonamidated component to the vancomycin resistance expressed by Staphylococcus aureus Mu50","volume":"44","author":"Cui","year":"2000","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2836","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI68834","article-title":"Mechanisms of vancomycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"124","author":"Gardete","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002359","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002359","article-title":"Evolution of multidrug resistance during Staphylococcus aureus infection involves mutation of the essential two component regulator WalKR","volume":"7","author":"Howden","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3730","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00420-16","article-title":"Complete Reconstitution of the Vancomycin-Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus Phenotype of Strain Mu50 in Vancomycin-Susceptible S. aureus","volume":"60","author":"Katayama","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0115","first-page":"1006","article-title":"WalK(S221P), a naturally occurring mutation, confers vancomycin resistance in VISA strain XN108","volume":"72","author":"Peng","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.04290-14","article-title":"Mechanism of reduced vancomycin susceptibility conferred by walK mutation in community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain MW2","volume":"59","author":"Hu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3240","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00279-13","article-title":"Decreased vancomycin susceptibility in Staphylococcus aureus caused by IS256 tempering of WalKR expression","volume":"57","author":"McEvoy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1007\/s12275-013-3088-7","article-title":"Prevalence of amino acid changes in the yvqF, vraSR, graSR, and tcaRAB genes from vancomycin intermediate resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"51","author":"Yoo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002505","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002505","article-title":"Genetic pathway in acquisition and loss of vancomycin resistance in a methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain of clonal type USA300","volume":"8","author":"Gardete","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S176","DOI":"10.1086\/653518","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus: methicillin-susceptible S. aureus to methicillin-resistant S. aureus and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus","volume":"51","author":"Rehm","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1086\/527392","article-title":"Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the United States, 2002\u20132006","volume":"46","author":"Sievert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268800030478","article-title":"High-level vancomycin-resistant enterococci causing hospital infections","volume":"103","author":"Uttley","year":"1989","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.33.1.10","article-title":"Transferable vancomycin and teicoplanin resistance in Enterococcus faecium","volume":"33","author":"Leclercq","year":"1989","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"8575\u20136","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)91037-9","article-title":"Vancomycin-resistant enterococci","volume":"1","author":"Uttley","year":"1988","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198807213190307","article-title":"Plasmid-mediated resistance to vancomycin and teicoplanin in Enterococcus faecium","volume":"319","author":"Leclercq","year":"1988","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.33.2.198","article-title":"Inducible, transferable resistance to vancomycin in Enterococcus faecalis A256","volume":"33","author":"Shlaes","year":"1989","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05089.x","article-title":"Co-transfer of vancomycin and other resistance genes from Enterococcus faecalis NCTC 12201 to Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"72","author":"Noble","year":"1992","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0180","first-page":"565","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus resistant to vancomycin--United States, 2002","volume":"51","author":"Centers for Disease","year":"2002","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0185","unstructured":"Centers for Disease, C. and Prevention, Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus--Pennsylvania, 2002. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 2002; 51(40): p. 902."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0190","unstructured":"Centers for Disease, C. and Prevention, Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus--New York, 2004. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 2004; 53(15): p. 322-3."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00576-06","article-title":"High-level vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with a polymicrobial biofilm","volume":"51","author":"Weigel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1097\/IPC.0b013e31826e8199","article-title":"VanA-positive vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: systematic search and review of reported cases","volume":"21","author":"Askari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infect Diseases Clin Practice"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.47144-0","article-title":"Identification and characterization of a vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from Kolkata (South Asia)","volume":"57","author":"Saha","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-5916.91001","article-title":"Vancomycin resistance among methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from intensive care units of tertiary care hospitals in Hyderabad","volume":"134","author":"Thati","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-6-156","article-title":"Emergence of vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) from a tertiary care hospital from northern part of India","volume":"6","author":"Tiwari","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1159\/000141513","article-title":"Emergence of high-level vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran","volume":"17","author":"Aligholi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med Princ Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0225","first-page":"803","article-title":"Identification and characterization of a high vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus harboring VanA gene cluster isolated from diabetic foot ulcer","volume":"15","author":"Dezfulian","year":"2012","journal-title":"Iran J Basic Med Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3581","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01727-12","article-title":"Genetic characterization of a vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate from the respiratory tract of a patient in a university hospital in northeastern Iran","volume":"50","author":"Azimian","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1002\/jobm.201000221","article-title":"Effect of sub-lethal doses of vancomycin and oxacillin on biofilm formation by vancomycin intermediate resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"51","author":"Mirani","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Basic Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000566","article-title":"Detection of high levels of resistance to linezolid and vancomycin in Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"66","author":"Azhar","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1303359","article-title":"Transferable vancomycin resistance in a community-associated MRSA lineage","volume":"370","author":"Rossi","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1844","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2110.141914","article-title":"Methicillin-susceptible, vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"21","author":"Panesso","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9888","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61219-2","article-title":"First case of infection with vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Europe","volume":"382","author":"Melo-Cristino","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-78885-2_14","article-title":"Biotechnology, and U.K. biological sciences research council, vancomycin resistance VanS\/VanR two-component systems","volume":"631","author":"Hong","year":"2008","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4643","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01710-09","article-title":"vanM, a new glycopeptide resistance gene cluster found in Enterococcus faecium","volume":"54","author":"Xu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.3.705-709.2000","article-title":"The biopesticide Paenibacillus popilliae has a vancomycin resistance gene cluster homologous to the enterococcal VanA vancomycin resistance gene cluster","volume":"44","author":"Patel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1139\/w2012-002","article-title":"Distribution of the vanG-like gene cluster in Clostridium difficile clinical isolates","volume":"58","author":"Ammam","year":"2012","journal-title":"Can J Microbiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4111","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00584-07","article-title":"vanD and vanG-like gene clusters in a Ruminococcus species isolated from human bowel flora","volume":"51","author":"Domingo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S25","DOI":"10.1086\/491711","article-title":"Vancomycin resistance in Gram-positive cocci","volume":"42","author":"Courvalin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2667","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01516-07","article-title":"Molecular characterization of Enterococcus faecalis N06\u20130364 with low-level vancomycin resistance harboring a novel D-Ala-D-Ser gene cluster, vanL","volume":"52","author":"Boyd","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4606","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00714-11","article-title":"D-Ala-d-Ser VanN-type transferable vancomycin resistance in Enterococcus faecium","volume":"55","author":"Lebreton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-7915.12139","article-title":"vanI: a novel D-Ala-D-Lac vancomycin resistance gene cluster found in Desulfitobacterium hafniense","volume":"7","author":"Kruse","year":"2014","journal-title":"Microb Biotechnol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.21282","article-title":"Intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms in enterococcus","volume":"3","author":"Hollenbeck","year":"2012","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.37.8.1563","article-title":"Genetics and mechanisms of glycopeptide resistance in enterococci","volume":"37","author":"Arthur","year":"1993","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2761","article-title":"The rise of the Enterococcus: beyond vancomycin resistance","volume":"10","author":"Arias","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-5521(96)90079-4","article-title":"Bacterial resistance to vancomycin: five genes and one missing hydrogen bond tell the story","volume":"3","author":"Walsh","year":"1996","journal-title":"Chem Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2009.01.034","article-title":"Design and synthesis of new hydroxyethylamines as inhibitors of D-alanyl-D-lactate ligase (VanA) and D-alanyl-D-alanine ligase (DdlB)","volume":"19","author":"Sova","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioorg Med Chem Lett"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-5521(96)90082-4","article-title":"Synthesis and evaluation of inhibitors of bacterial D-alanine:D-alanine ligases","volume":"3","author":"Ellsworth","year":"1996","journal-title":"Chem Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.8b00201","article-title":"Targeting metalloenzymes for therapeutic intervention","volume":"119","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1566","DOI":"10.1086\/313530","article-title":"Seeking vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among patients with vancomycin-resistant enterococci","volume":"29","author":"Franchi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1086\/502357","article-title":"Occurrence of co-colonization or co-infection with vancomycin-resistant enterococci and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a medical intensive care unit","volume":"25","author":"Warren","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1110.050508","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci co-colonization","volume":"11","author":"Furuno","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02381-08","article-title":"Evaluation of risk factors for coinfection or cocolonization with vancomycin-resistant enterococcus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"48","author":"Reyes","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2018.09.026","article-title":"Predictors of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci co-colonization among nursing facility patients","volume":"47","author":"Heinze","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir733","article-title":"Wounds, functional disability, and indwelling devices are associated with cocolonization by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci in southeast Michigan","volume":"53","author":"Flannery","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-013-1814-z","article-title":"Independent risk factors for the co-colonization of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the region most endemic for vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolation","volume":"32","author":"Hayakawa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02187-13","article-title":"Report of the 13th vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate from the United States","volume":"52","author":"Limbago","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"37","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6437a6","article-title":"Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus - Delaware","volume":"64","author":"Walters","year":"2015","journal-title":"2015 MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01901","article-title":"Phylogenomic classification and the evolution of clonal complex 5 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the Western Hemisphere","volume":"9","author":"Challagundla","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis492","article-title":"In vitro susceptibilities and molecular analysis of vancomycin-intermediate and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates","volume":"55","author":"Saravolatz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1506.081312","article-title":"Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Michigan, USA, 2007","volume":"15","author":"Finks","year":"2009","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268814001423","article-title":"Epidemiological survey of the first case of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in Europe","volume":"143","author":"Friaes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1086\/382357","article-title":"Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the absence of vancomycin exposure","volume":"38","author":"Whitener","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5578","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00418-06","article-title":"Sau1: a novel lineage-specific type I restriction-modification system that blocks horizontal gene transfer into Staphylococcus aureus and between S. aureus isolates of different lineages","volume":"188","author":"Waldron","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11954","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000489107","article-title":"A type III-like restriction endonuclease functions as a major barrier to horizontal gene transfer in clinical Staphylococcus aureus strains","volume":"107","author":"Corvaglia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.38.6.1363","article-title":"Outbreak of vancomycin-, ampicillin-, and aminoglycoside-resistant Enterococcus faecium bacteremia in an adult oncology unit","volume":"38","author":"Montecalvo","year":"1994","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1086\/648342","article-title":"Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in hospitalized children","volume":"13","author":"Rubin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0430","first-page":"3","article-title":"Comparative genomics of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains and their positions within the clade most commonly associated with Methicillin-resistant S. aureus hospital-acquired infection in the United States","author":"Kos","year":"2012","journal-title":"MBio"},{"issue":"5650","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1090956","article-title":"Genetic analysis of a high-level vancomycin-resistant isolate of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"302","author":"Weigel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4281","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.11.4281-4285.2004","article-title":"Heterologous expression of the enterococcal vanA operon in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"48","author":"Perichon","year":"2004","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4580","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00346-09","article-title":"VanA-type vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"53","author":"Perichon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0450","first-page":"143","article-title":"Detection of emerging VRSA\/VISA strains carrying vanA resistance gene through PCR in Agra region","volume":"8","author":"Anjilika","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Ecophysiol Occup Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822011005000035","article-title":"Community prevalence of methicillin and vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in and around Bangalore, southern India","volume":"44","author":"Goud","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmni.2017.05.009","article-title":"Identification of tigecycline- and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains among patients with urinary tract infection in Iran","volume":"19","author":"Yousefi","year":"2017","journal-title":"New Microbes New Infect"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0183607","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0183607","article-title":"Molecular characterization of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from clinical samples: A three year study in Tehran","volume":"12","author":"Shekarabi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Iran. PLoS One"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/s10354-017-0562-6","article-title":"The emergence of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an intensive care unit in Kerman Iran","volume":"168","author":"Fasihi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Wien Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005_b0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10123-019-00063-7","article-title":"Detection of vancomycin nonsusceptible strains in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in northern Iran","author":"Asadpour","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Microbiol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Advanced Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2090123219301638?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2090123219301638?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T20:46:50Z","timestamp":1761857210000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2090123219301638"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":95,"alternative-id":["S2090123219301638"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-1232"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-1232","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections: A review of case updating and clinical features","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Advanced Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jare.2019.10.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Cairo University.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}