{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T22:53:18Z","timestamp":1789685598557,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Advanced Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T07:48:43Z","timestamp":1763797723000},"page":"729-742","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Tripterygium wilfordii multi-glycoside alleviates ankylosing spondylitis via gut microbiota modulation and metabolite reprogramming"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"86","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3106-9225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Bi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingxi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huigen","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1936-5507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuekang","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chongming","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9570","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60635-7","article-title":"Ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"369","author":"Braun","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2022-002253","article-title":"Effect of tofacitinib on pain, fatigue, health-related quality of life and work productivity in patients with active ankylosing spondylitis: results from a phase III, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"8","author":"Navarro-Comp\u00e1n","year":"2022","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/9065561","article-title":"Bioinformatics analysis of immune cell infiltration and diagnostic biomarkers between ankylosing spondylitis and inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"2023","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comput Math Methods Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27031033","article-title":"Do pomegranate hydrolyzable tannins and their derived metabolites provide relief in osteoarthritis? findings from a scoping review","volume":"27","author":"Govoni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15111365","article-title":"A review of the safety of interleukin-17A inhibitor secukinumab","volume":"15","author":"Eshwar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000032852","article-title":"Clinical study of Tongdu Shujin decoction in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis with cold-dampness obstruction type: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial","volume":"102","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.119269","article-title":"Molecular insights into the therapeutic mechanisms of Bushen-Qiangdu-Zhilv decoction for ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"340","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S501903","article-title":"Role of huangqin qingre chubi capsule in the reduction of the risk of re-admission in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a cohort study","volume":"18","author":"Qi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Gen Med"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3619","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i26.3619","article-title":"Gene expression profile analyses of mice livers injured by Leigongteng","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-022-02814-7","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of KunXian capsule for the treatment of IgA nephropathy","volume":"23","author":"Le","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2016.2670","article-title":"Multi-glycoside of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. ameliorates imiquimod-induced skin lesions through a STAT3-dependent mechanism involving the inhibition of Th17-mediated inflammatory responses","volume":"38","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.005","article-title":"Low-dose of multi-glycoside of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f., a natural regulator of TGF-\u03b21\/Smad signaling activity improves adriamycin-induced glomerulosclerosis in vivo","volume":"151","author":"Wan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0065","article-title":"Clostridium butyricum attenuates radiation-induced bone loss through gut microbiota and immune regulation in mice","author":"Lv","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microbiol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/imt2.70079","article-title":"Distinct microbial and metabolic shifts characterize acute coronary syndrome and recovery","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"iMeta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.001","article-title":"Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BL-11 promotes height growth in 3- to 7-year-Old children with below-average height: a self-controlled clinical trial","volume":"50","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0080","first-page":"00557","article-title":"Gut microbiota-mediated regulation of skeletal development: a review of mechanistic analysis and interventional strategies","volume":"S2090\u20131232","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Adv Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1376525","article-title":"Gut microbiota dysbiosis in ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Su","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2023.2228045","article-title":"Strain-level screening of human gut microbes identifies Blautia producta as a new anti-hyperlipidemic probiotic","volume":"15","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.116302","article-title":"Gut microbiota-based discovery of Houttuyniae Herba as a novel prebiotic of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron with anti-colitis activity","volume":"172","author":"Zou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2025.2467235","article-title":"Microbiota-derived IPA alleviates intestinal mucosal inflammation through upregulating Th1\/Th17 cell apoptosis in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"17","author":"Gao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.113570","article-title":"Gut microbiota contributes to the intestinal and extraintestinal immune homeostasis by balancing Th17\/Treg cells","volume":"143","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2021.673774","article-title":"\u03b1-chaconine affects the apoptosis, mechanical barrier function, and antioxidant ability of mouse small intestinal epithelial cells","volume":"12","author":"He","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Plant Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41644","article-title":"Inflammasome activation in ankylosing spondylitis is associated with gut dysbiosis","volume":"73","author":"Guggino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.121100","article-title":"Effect of all-transretinoic acid on Th17 and T regulatory cell subsets in patients with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"40","author":"Bidad","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3394","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20143394","article-title":"Th17 cells and the IL-23\/IL-17 axis in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases","volume":"20","author":"Bunte","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2021.703242","article-title":"Genetic and environmental determinants of T Helper 17 pathogenicity in Spondyloarthropathies","volume":"12","author":"Simone","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114196","article-title":"Modulation of gut propionate and intestinal mucosal protection by Bifidobacterium longum: mitigating methotrexate side effects without compromising the efficacy of psoriasis therapy","volume":"149","author":"Mao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0140","article-title":"Bifidobacterium animalis BD400 protects from collagen-induced arthritis through histidine metabolism","volume":"16","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.934695","article-title":"Akkermansia muciniphila and gut immune system: a good friendship that attenuates inflammatory bowel disease, obesity and diabetes","volume":"13","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1477187","article-title":"Gut microbiota mediated T cells regulation and autoimmune diseases","volume":"15","author":"Bhutta","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0155","article-title":"Indole-3-acetic acid alters intestinal microbiota and alleviates ankylosing spondylitis in mice","volume":"13","author":"Shen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2617","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-019-02110-5","article-title":"Dietary intervention using (1,3)\/(1,6)-\u03b2-glucan, a fungus-derived soluble prebiotic ameliorates high-fat diet-induced metabolic distress and alters beneficially the gut microbiota in mice model","volume":"56","author":"Muthuramalingam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.06.010","article-title":"Identifying metabolomic profiles of inflammatory diets in postmenopausal women","volume":"39","author":"Tabung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e222","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.222","article-title":"Protopanaxadiol manipulates gut microbiota to promote bone marrow hematopoiesis and enhance immunity in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression mice","volume":"4","author":"Cao","year":"2023","journal-title":"MedComm"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e22365","article-title":"5'-Methylthioadenosine strongly suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and function via inhibition of RANK-NFATc1 signalling pathways","volume":"9","author":"Rattajak","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0180","article-title":"A novel drug combination of mangiferin and cinnamic acid alleviates rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting TLR4\/NF\u03baB\/NLRP3 activation-induced pyroptosis","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1007\/s11596-024-2925-8","article-title":"Kaempferol improved rheumatoid arthritis by regulating the immune imbalance of Treg\/Th17","volume":"44","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Med Sci"},{"issue":"05","key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1142\/S273741652550067X","article-title":"In silico screening of phytochemicals targeting the NF-\u03baB pathway: a novel approach for pancreatic cancer drug discovery","volume":"25","author":"Iqbal","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Computational Biophys Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045_b0195","first-page":"1","article-title":"Computational exploration of Berrie\u2019s anthocyanin as a novel angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor","author":"Shafique","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Computational Biophys Chem"}],"container-title":["Journal of Advanced Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2090123225009415?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2090123225009415?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T23:46:44Z","timestamp":1789084004000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2090123225009415"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S2090123225009415"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-1232"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-1232","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Tripterygium wilfordii multi-glycoside alleviates ankylosing spondylitis via gut microbiota modulation and metabolite reprogramming","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Advanced Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jare.2025.11.045","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Cairo University.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}