{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T21:25:46Z","timestamp":1791581146072,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]],"date-time":"2013-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359676800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FIOSH","award":["F2069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F2069"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jbiomech.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Biomechanics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,10]],"date-time":"2013-01-10T14:55:17Z","timestamp":1357829717000},"page":"651-657","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Estimation of shear load sharing in moderately degenerated human lumbar spine"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Daniel M.","family":"Skrzypiec","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas E.","family":"Bishop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anke","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"P\u00fcschel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael M.","family":"Morlock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerd","family":"Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.62B3.6447702","article-title":"The effect of posture on the role of the apophysial joints in resisting intervertebral compressive forces","volume":"62","author":"Adams","year":"1980","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/0268-0033(94)90052-3","article-title":"The clinical biomechanics award paper 1993 posture and the compressive strength of the lumbar spine","volume":"9","author":"Adams","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clinical Biomechanics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib3","series-title":"Occupational Low Back Pain","first-page":"39","article-title":"Occupational biomechanics of the lumbar spine","author":"Andersson","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-006-0240-7","article-title":"Analysis of squat and stoop dynamic liftings: muscle forces and internal spinal loads","volume":"16","author":"Bazrgari","year":"2007","journal-title":"European Spine Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-011-1968-2","article-title":"The impact of bone mineral density and disc degeneration on shear strength and stiffness of the lumbar spine following laminectomy","volume":"21","author":"Bisschop","year":"2012","journal-title":"European Spine Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-0033(02)00035-9","article-title":"The effect of hydration on the stiffness of intervertebral discs in an ovine model","volume":"17","author":"Costi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clinical Biomechanics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib7","first-page":"111","article-title":"Response of the lumbar spine due to shear loading","author":"Cripton","year":"1995","journal-title":"Injury Prevention Through Biomechanics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.60B2.659472","article-title":"The fatigue strength of the lumbar neural arch in spondylolysis","volume":"60","author":"Cyron","year":"1978","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib9","first-page":"459","article-title":"Spondylolysis: the shearing stiffness of the lumbar intervertebral joint","volume":"45","author":"Cyron","year":"1979","journal-title":"Acta Orthopaedica Belgica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.58B4.1018032","article-title":"Spondylolytic fractures","volume":"58","author":"Cyron","year":"1976","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E728","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318180e6a4","article-title":"The influence of posture and loading on interfacet spacing: and investigation using magnetic resonance imaging on porcine spinal units","volume":"33","author":"Drake","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.66B5.6501365","article-title":"Disc space narrowing and the lumbar facet joints","volume":"66","author":"Dunlop","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery"},{"issue":"Suppl. 100","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3109\/ort.1967.38.suppl-100.01","article-title":"Tensile properties of the human lumbar annulus fibrosus","author":"Galante","year":"1967","journal-title":"Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2683","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199412000-00016","article-title":"Spondylolysis. Bending of the inferior articular processes of lumbar vertebrae during simulated spinal movements","volume":"19","author":"Green","year":"1994","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib15","series-title":"Behaviour of Functional Spinal Units under Dynamic Loading","author":"Huber","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.2486\/indhealth.MSWBVI-11","article-title":"High cycle fatigue behaviour of functional spinal units","volume":"48","author":"Huber","year":"2010","journal-title":"Industrial Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hutton, W.C., Stott, J.R., Cyron, B.M., 1977. Is spondylolysis a fatigue fracture? Spine 2, 202-209.","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-197709000-00006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100090211","article-title":"Large compressive preloads decrease lumbar motion segment flexibility","volume":"9","author":"Janevic","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Orthopaedic Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1080\/00140130410001714742","article-title":"Foot positioning instruction, initial vertical load position and lifting technique: effects on low back loading","volume":"47","author":"Kingma","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ergonomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1080\/00140130802480828","article-title":"Spine loading at different lumbar levels during pushing and pulling","volume":"52","author":"Knapik","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ergonomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)31213-X","article-title":"The strength of the neural arch and the etiology of spondylolysis","volume":"6","author":"Lamy","year":"1975","journal-title":"Orthopedic Clinics of North America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.69B4.3611162","article-title":"Spondylolysis in the upper lumbar spine. A study of 32 patients","volume":"69","author":"Lowe","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E204","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000158871.14960.30","article-title":"Pure shear properties of lumbar spinal joints and the effect of tissue sectioning on load sharing","volume":"30","author":"Lu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1249\/00149619-200302000-00008","article-title":"Current evaluation and management of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis","volume":"2","author":"McTimoney","year":"2003","journal-title":"Current Sports Medicine Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib25","first-page":"121","article-title":"Late results of removal of the loose posterior element (Gill's operation) in the treatment of lytic lumbar spondylolisthesis","volume":"117","author":"\u00d6sterman","year":"1976","journal-title":"Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(03)00308-7","article-title":"Neural arch load-bearing in old and degenerated spines","volume":"37","author":"Pollintine","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Biomechanics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ergon.2007.10.001","article-title":"The size of lumbar vertebral endplate areas\u2014prediction by anthropometric characteristics and significance for fatigue failure due to whole-body vibration","volume":"38","author":"Seidel","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2012.04.003","article-title":"Shear strength of the human lumbar spine","volume":"27","author":"Skrzypiec","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clinical Biomechanics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3138348","article-title":"Some static mechanical properties of the lumbar intervertebral joint, intact and injured","volume":"104","author":"Tencer","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199005000-00012","article-title":"Preliminary evaluation of a scheme for grading the gross morphology of the human intervertebral disc","volume":"15","author":"Thompson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1882","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199909150-00004","article-title":"Anterior shear of spinal motion segments. Kinematics, kinetics, and resultant injuries observed in a porcine model","volume":"24","author":"Yingling","year":"1999","journal-title":"Spine"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biomechanics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021929012007026?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021929012007026?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,5]],"date-time":"2022-02-05T18:00:40Z","timestamp":1644084040000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0021929012007026"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0021929012007026"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9290"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9290","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Estimation of shear load sharing in moderately degenerated human lumbar spine","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Biomechanics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.11.050","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}