{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T14:15:11Z","timestamp":1772720111124,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533081600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533081600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,31]],"date-time":"2019-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564531200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":364,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"Penn Center for Musculoskeletal Disorders, NIH\/NIAMS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30-AR069619"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30-AR069619"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"Penn Center for Musculoskeletal Disorders, NIH\/NIAMS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R03-AR065145"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R03-AR065145"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"Penn Center for Musculoskeletal Disorders, NIH\/NIAMS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01-AR066743"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01-AR066743"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"Penn Center for Musculoskeletal Disorders, NIH\/NIAMS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-AR071718"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-AR071718"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1653216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1653216"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"NSF Graduate Research Fellowship","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Biomechanics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,23]],"date-time":"2018-06-23T12:07:23Z","timestamp":1529755643000},"page":"40-47","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Effects of reproduction on sexual dimorphisms in rat bone mechanics"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Chantal M.J.","family":"de Bakker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongbo","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Ju","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yihan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allison R.","family":"Altman-Singles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurel","family":"Leavitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"X. Sherry","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0010","first-page":"2314","article-title":"Changes in bone mineral density and calcium metabolism in breastfeeding women: a one year follow-up study","volume":"81","author":"Affinito","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3875","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-1467","article-title":"Weaning triggers a decrease in receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand expression, widespread osteoclast apoptosis, and rapid recovery of bone mass after lactation in mice","volume":"148","author":"Ardeshirpour","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-010-1216-3","article-title":"The muscle-bone unit of peripheral and central skeletal sites in children and young adults","volume":"22","author":"Ashby","year":"2011","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0025","article-title":"Irreversible deterioration of cortical and trabecular microstructure associated with breastfeeding","author":"Bjornerem","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0005","unstructured":"Bone Health and Osteoporosis: A Report of the Surgeon General, 2004. Rockville, MD, US Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Surgeon General."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3516","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2014-1083","article-title":"FGF-21 and skeletal remodeling during and after lactation in C57BL\/6J mice","volume":"155","author":"Bornstein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.141","article-title":"Guidelines for assessment of bone microstructure in rodents using micro-computed tomography","volume":"25","author":"Bouxsein","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(99)00204-5","article-title":"Skeletal mass, chemistry, and growth during and after multiple reproductive cycles in the rat","volume":"25","author":"Bowman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1954","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2002.17.11.1954","article-title":"Greatly increased cancellous bone formation with rapid improvements in bone structure in the rat maternal skeleton after lactation","volume":"17","author":"Bowman","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E440","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00293.2004","article-title":"Two-week longitudinal survey of bone architecture alteration in the hindlimb-unloaded rat model of bone loss: sex differences","volume":"290","author":"David","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3084","article-title":"Adaptations in the Microarchitecture and Load Distribution of Maternal Cortical and Trabecular Bone in Response to Multiple Reproductive Cycles in Rats","author":"de Bakker","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1999.14.8.1394","article-title":"Age- and gender-related differences in vertebral bone mass, density, and strength","volume":"14","author":"Ebbesen","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwj055","article-title":"Longitudinal changes in forearm bone mineral density in women and men aged 45\u201384 years: the Tromso Study, a population-based study","volume":"163","author":"Emaus","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1614","article-title":"The interindividual variation in femoral neck width is associated with the acquisition of predictable sets of morphological and tissue-quality traits and differential bone loss patterns","volume":"27","author":"Epelboym","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(98)00046-5","article-title":"Gender-related differences in the relationship between densitometric values of whole-body bone mineral content and lean body mass in humans between 2 and 87 years of age","volume":"22","author":"Ferretti","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.190.3.8115610","article-title":"Gender differences in vertebral sizes in adults: biomechanical implications","volume":"190","author":"Gilsanz","year":"1994","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.070507","article-title":"Age-related changes in trabecular architecture differ in female and male C57BL\/6J mice","volume":"22","author":"Glatt","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00455.2002","article-title":"Effect of gender on bone turnover in adult rats during simulated weightlessness","volume":"95","author":"Hefferan","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol. (1985)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2000.15.2.284","article-title":"The mechanical properties of cancellous bone in the proximal tibia of ovariectomized rats","volume":"15","author":"Hogan","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01880413","article-title":"The contribution of bone loss to postmenopausal osteoporosis","volume":"1","author":"Hui","year":"1990","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3044","article-title":"Lactation-induced changes in the volume of osteocyte lacunar-canalicular space alter mechanical properties in cortical bone tissue","volume":"32","author":"Kaya","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650050409","article-title":"Human lactation: forearm trabecular bone loss, increased bone turnover, and renal conservation of calcium and inorganic phosphate with recovery of bone mass following weaning","volume":"5","author":"Kent","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00027.2015","article-title":"Maternal mineral and bone metabolism during pregnancy, lactation, and post-weaning recovery","volume":"96","author":"Kovacs","year":"2016","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1503","article-title":"Site-specific changes in bone microarchitecture, mineralization, and stiffness during lactation and after weaning in mice","volume":"27","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0125","first-page":"3908","article-title":"Early identification of children predisposed to low peak bone mass and osteoporosis later in life","volume":"85","author":"Loro","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.171","article-title":"Age-related patterns of trabecular and cortical bone loss differ between sexes and skeletal sites: a population-based HR-pQCT study","volume":"26","author":"Macdonald","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.a.10138","article-title":"Rapid improvements in cortical bone dynamics and structure after lactation in established breeder rats","volume":"276","author":"Miller","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anat. Rec. A Discov. Mol. Cell. Evol. Biol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980170048","article-title":"The effects of pregnancy and lactation on bone mineral density","volume":"12","author":"More","year":"2001","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.041005","article-title":"Males have larger skeletal size and bone mass than females, despite comparable body size","volume":"20","author":"Nieves","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1567","article-title":"Demonstration of osteocytic perilacunar\/canalicular remodeling in mice during lactation","volume":"27","author":"Qing","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.040916","article-title":"Population-based study of age and sex differences in bone volumetric density, size, geometry, and structure at different skeletal sites","volume":"19","author":"Riggs","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(97)00223-8","article-title":"Estrogen and bone-muscle strength and mass relationships","volume":"22","author":"Schiessl","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2004.04.020","article-title":"A comparison of mechanical properties derived from multiple skeletal sites in mice","volume":"38","author":"Schriefer","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0170","first-page":"624","article-title":"The Laboratory Rat: Relating Its Age With Human's","volume":"4","author":"Sengupta","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Prev. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2010.02.021","article-title":"Regional variations of gender-specific and age-related differences in trabecular bone structure of the distal radius and tibia","volume":"46","author":"Sode","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3130","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03500240074029","article-title":"Changes in bone density with lactation","volume":"269","author":"Sowers","year":"1993","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.081224","article-title":"Phenotypic integration among trabecular and cortical bone traits establishes mechanical functionality of inbred mouse vertebrae","volume":"24","author":"Tommasini","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod65.3.689","article-title":"Cancellous and cortical bone mechanical properties and tissue dynamics during pregnancy, lactation, and postlactation in the rat","volume":"65","author":"Vajda","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5521","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2003-0892","article-title":"Low estrogen and high parathyroid hormone-related peptide levels contribute to accelerated bone resorption and bone loss in lactating mice","volume":"144","author":"VanHouten","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-001-1122-y","article-title":"Rodent model for investigating the effects of estrogen on bone and muscle relationship during growth","volume":"72","author":"Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Calcif. Tissue Int."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2008.07.008","article-title":"Skeletal growth and peak bone strength","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-010-9359-y","article-title":"Age-related changes in bone structure and strength in female and male BALB\/c mice","volume":"86","author":"Willinghamm","year":"2010","journal-title":"Calcif. Tissue Int."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(99)00228-8","article-title":"Bone mass changes during pregnancy and lactation in the rat","volume":"25","author":"Zeni","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bone"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biomechanics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021929018304548?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021929018304548?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T01:18:58Z","timestamp":1758244738000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0021929018304548"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["S0021929018304548"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9290"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9290","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effects of reproduction on sexual dimorphisms in rat bone mechanics","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Biomechanics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.06.023","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}