{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T11:00:09Z","timestamp":1778583609271,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Biomechanics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,12]],"date-time":"2018-12-12T13:47:42Z","timestamp":1544622462000},"page":"1-5","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Relation between the ankle joint angle and the maximum isometric force of the toe flexor muscles"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Junichiro","family":"Yamauchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keiji","family":"Koyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1249\/JSR.0000000000000431","article-title":"Foot structure and function in habitually barefoot and shod adolescents in Kenya","volume":"16","author":"Aibast","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Sports Med. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00717.2002","article-title":"Effect of quadriceps femoris muscle length on neural activation during isometric and concentric contractions","volume":"94","author":"Babault","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1983.sp014765","article-title":"Changes in motoneurone firing rates during sustained maximal voluntary contractions","volume":"340","author":"Bigland-Ritchie","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0020","first-page":"165","article-title":"Calcaneocuboid joint and stability of the longitudinal arch of the foot at high and low gear push off","volume":"129","author":"Bojsen-M\u00f8ller","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2491","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.025767","article-title":"A dynamic model of the windlass mechanism of the foot: evidence for early stance phase preloading of the plantar aponeurosis","volume":"212","author":"Caravaggi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2003.10.003","article-title":"Intrinsic pedal musculature support of the medial longitudinal arch: an electromyography study","volume":"42","author":"Fiolkowski","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Foot Ankle Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658901700617","article-title":"Evaluation of claw toe deformity, weakness of the foot intrinsics, and posteromedial shin pain","volume":"17","author":"Garth","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2012.01524.x","article-title":"The potential of human toe flexor muscles to produce force","volume":"221","author":"Goldmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1966.sp007909","article-title":"The variation in isometric tension with sarcomere length in vertebrate muscle fibres","volume":"184","author":"Gordon","year":"1966","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1025921","article-title":"Role of mono- and biarticular muscles in explosive movements","volume":"5","author":"Gregoire","year":"1984","journal-title":"Int. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(96)00094-2","article-title":"Muscle and tendon force-length properties and their interactions in vivo","volume":"30","author":"Hawkins","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/0268-0033(91)90051-Q","article-title":"Experimental determination of force-length relations of intact human gastrocnemius muscles","volume":"6","author":"Herzog","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0065","first-page":"25","article-title":"The mechanics of the foot. II. The plantar aponeurosis and the arch","volume":"88","author":"Hicks","year":"1954","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1038\/173973a0","article-title":"Changes in the cross-striations of muscle during contraction and stretch and their structural interpretation","volume":"173","author":"Huxley","year":"1954","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1038\/173971a0","article-title":"Structural changes in muscle during contraction; interference microscopy of living muscle fibres","volume":"173","author":"Huxley","year":"1954","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-0033(01)00070-5","article-title":"Forces acting in the forefoot during normal gait\u2013an estimate","volume":"16","author":"Jacob","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b9000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465990270050701","article-title":"The effect of foot structure and range of motion on musculoskeletal overuse injuries","volume":"27","author":"Kaufman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000000260","article-title":"The effect of ankle taping on the ground reaction force in vertical jump performance","volume":"28","author":"Koyama","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0189184","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0189184","article-title":"Altered postural sway following fatiguing foot muscle exercises","volume":"12","author":"Koyama","year":"2017","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b9005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.01.011","article-title":"Comparison of lower limb kinetics, kinematics and muscle activation during drop jumping under shod and barefoot conditions","volume":"69","author":"Koyama","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1249\/00003677-198401000-00014","article-title":"Human strength curves","volume":"12","author":"Kulig","year":"1984","journal-title":"Exerc. Sport Sci. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0185(199709)249:1<143::AID-AR17>3.0.CO;2-P","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of the intrinsic muscles of the foot","volume":"249","author":"Kura","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anat. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-1146-7-26","article-title":"Maximum toe flexor muscle strength and quantitative analysis of human plantar intrinsic and extrinsic muscles by a magnetic resonance imaging technique","volume":"7","author":"Kurihara","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Foot Ankle Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-092690","article-title":"The foot core system: a new paradigm for understanding intrinsic foot muscle function","volume":"49","author":"McKeon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2009.08.011","article-title":"Toe weakness and deformity increase the risk of falls in older people","volume":"24","author":"Mickle","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000402","article-title":"Toe flexor strength and foot arch height in children","volume":"47","author":"Morita","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Sports Exerc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0125","first-page":"307","article-title":"Toe flexor strength and lower-limb physical performance in adolescent","volume":"174","author":"Otsuka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gazzetta Med. Italiana"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0130","first-page":"159","article-title":"Muscle force-velocity and power-velocity relationships under isokinetic loading","volume":"10","author":"Perrine","year":"1978","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Sports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1995.sp020961","article-title":"Detection of movements imposed on human hip, knee, ankle and toe joints","volume":"488","author":"Refshauge","year":"1995","journal-title":"The Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1985.58.4.1073","article-title":"Single motor unit and fiber action potentials during fatigue","volume":"58","author":"Sandercock","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1972.sp009691","article-title":"Fatigue of maintained voluntary muscle contraction in man","volume":"220","author":"Stephens","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1984.57.2.435","article-title":"Muscle architecture and force-velocity relationships in humans","volume":"57","author":"Wickiewicz","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-0033(01)00005-5","article-title":"Arch structure and injury patterns in runners","volume":"16","author":"Williams","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2007.0617","article-title":"Influence of the abductor hallucis muscle on the medial arch of the foot: a kinematic and anatomical cadaver study","volume":"28","author":"Wong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1396824","article-title":"Influence of ankle braces on the maximum strength of plantar and toe flexor muscles","volume":"36","author":"Yamauchi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.12937","article-title":"Force-generating capacity of the toe flexor muscles and dynamic function of the foot arch in upright standing","author":"Yamauchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Anat."}],"container-title":["Journal of Biomechanics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S002192901830900X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S002192901830900X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T01:20:18Z","timestamp":1758244818000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S002192901830900X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["S002192901830900X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9290"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9290","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Relation between the ankle joint angle and the maximum isometric force of the toe flexor muscles","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Biomechanics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}