{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T12:28:46Z","timestamp":1790512126862,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Biomechanics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,29]],"date-time":"2019-01-29T07:39:39Z","timestamp":1548747579000},"page":"27-33","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Plantarflexor fiber and tendon slack length are strong determinates of simulated single-leg heel raise height"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"86","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0269-2170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josh R.","family":"Baxter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel C.","family":"Farber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0351-9196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael W.","family":"Hast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12456","article-title":"Increased unilateral tendon stiffness and its effect on gait 2\u20136 years after Achilles tendon rupture","volume":"25","author":"Agres","year":"2015","journal-title":"Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2010.0345","article-title":"Fibre operating lengths of human lower limb muscles during walking","volume":"366","author":"Arnold","year":"2011","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-009-9852-5","article-title":"A model of the lower limb for analysis of human movement","volume":"38","author":"Arnold","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00259.2009","article-title":"Tendinopathy alters mechanical and material properties of the Achilles tendon","volume":"108","author":"Arya","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0709212105","article-title":"Variable gearing in pennate muscles","volume":"105","author":"Azizi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2018.10.014","article-title":"Plantarflexor metabolics are sensitive to resting ankle angle and optimal fiber length in computational simulations of gait","volume":"67","author":"Baxter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.08.016","article-title":"Functional deficits may be explained by plantarflexor remodeling following Achilles tendon rupture repair: preliminary findings","volume":"79","author":"Baxter","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2011.2358","article-title":"Ankle joint mechanics and foot proportions differ between human sprinters and non-sprinters","volume":"279","author":"Baxter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01140.2013","article-title":"Plantar flexor moment arm and muscle volume predict torque-generating capacity in young men","volume":"116","author":"Baxter","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517737055","article-title":"Calf muscle performance deficits remain 7 years after an Achilles tendon rupture","volume":"46","author":"Brorsson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3060","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517717698","article-title":"Heel-rise height deficit 1 year after achilles tendon rupture relates to changes in ankle biomechanics 6 years after injury","volume":"45","author":"Brorsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2016.04.008","article-title":"Sensitivity of subject-specific models to Hill muscle\u2013tendon model parameters in simulations of gait","volume":"49","author":"Carbone","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1940","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2007.901024","article-title":"OpenSim: open-source software to create and analyze dynamic simulations of movement","volume":"54","author":"Delp","year":"2007","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2016.04.032","article-title":"Imaging and simulation of Achilles tendon dynamics: implications for walking performance in the elderly","author":"Franz","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2008.0794","article-title":"Treatment of chronic achilles tendinopathy and ruptures with flexor hallucis tendon transfer: clinical outcome and MRI findings. Foot Ankle","volume":"29","author":"Hahn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. Am. Orthop. Foot Ankle Soc Swiss Foot Ankle Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2016.08.002","article-title":"Development and reliability of the Achilles Tendon Length Measure and comparison with the Achilles Tendon Resting Angle on patients with an Achilles tendon rupture","volume":"23","author":"Hansen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2015.01.039","article-title":"Evidence for intermuscle difference in slack angle in human triceps surae","volume":"48","author":"Hirata","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0090","article-title":"Gastrocnemius fascicles are shorter and more pennate immediately following acute Achilles tendon rupture","volume":"445569","author":"Hullfish","year":"2018","journal-title":"BioRxiv Prepr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546506293255","article-title":"Achilles tendon elongation after rupture repair: a randomized comparison of 2 postoperative regimens","volume":"35","author":"Kangas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1998.267br.x","article-title":"Excursion is important in regulating sarcomere number in the growing rabbit tibialis anterior","volume":"508","author":"Koh","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2007.04.030","article-title":"Muscle force and power following tendon repair at altered tendon length","volume":"146","author":"Krochmal","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Surg. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3700","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.031096","article-title":"Built for speed: musculoskeletal structure and sprinting ability","volume":"212","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2008.01.018","article-title":"Optimal muscle fascicle length and tendon stiffness for maximising gastrocnemius efficiency during human walking and running","volume":"252","author":"Lichtwark","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Theor. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0120","first-page":"68","article-title":"Measurement of the motion range in the loaded ankle","author":"Lindsj\u00f6","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1998.977bj.x","article-title":"Changes in Achilles tendon moment arm from rest to maximum isometric plantarflexion: in vivo observations in man","volume":"510","author":"Maganaris","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s004210050580","article-title":"A comparison of electrical activity in the triceps surae at maximum isometric contraction with the knee and ankle at various angles","volume":"80","author":"Miaki","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur. J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"0210051","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4023390","article-title":"Flexing computational muscle: modeling and simulation of musculotendon dynamics","volume":"135","author":"Millard","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biomech. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199907000-00011","article-title":"Early motion of the ankle after operative treatment of a rupture of the Achilles tendon. A prospective, randomized clinical and radiographic study","volume":"81","author":"Mortensen","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Bone Joint Surg. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-19920801-06","article-title":"Seperation of tendon ends after Achillse tendon repair: a prospective, randomized, multicenter study","volume":"15","author":"Mortensen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2012.01497.x","article-title":"Ability to perform a single heel-rise is significantly related to patient-reported outcome after Achilles tendon rupture","volume":"24","author":"Olsson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2017.06.022","article-title":"The effects of Achilles tendon compliance on triceps surae mechanics and energetics in walking","volume":"60","author":"Orselli","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.01089","article-title":"Augmented compared with nonaugmented surgical repair of a fresh total Achilles tendon rupture. A prospective randomized study","volume":"91","author":"Pajala","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Bone Joint Surg. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.02.002","article-title":"Morphomechanical alterations in the medial gastrocnemius muscle in patients with a repaired Achilles tendon: associations with outcome measures","volume":"43","author":"Peng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2005.06.005","article-title":"Sensitivity of a Hill-based muscle model to perturbations in model parameters","volume":"39","author":"Scovil","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512447926","article-title":"Deficits in heel-rise height and Achilles tendon elongation occur in patients recovering from an achilles tendon rupture","volume":"40","author":"Silbernagel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100717728686","article-title":"Correlation between recovery of triceps surae muscle strength and level of activity after open repair of acute achilles tendon rupture","volume":"38","author":"Toyooka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int."},{"issue":"118","key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0185","first-page":"1460","article-title":"Skeletal muscle signature of a champion sprint runner","volume":"1985","author":"Trappe","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol. Bethesda Md."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0150378","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0150378","article-title":"Stretching your energetic budget: how tendon compliance affects the metabolic cost of running","volume":"11","author":"Uchida","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2017.03.014","article-title":"Foot structure is correlated with performance in a single-joint jumping task","volume":"57","author":"van Werkhoven","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-008-0594-8","article-title":"Are current measurements of lower extremity muscle architecture accurate?","volume":"467","author":"Ward","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0205","first-page":"459","article-title":"Changes in sarcomere length and physiological properties in immobilized muscle","volume":"127","author":"Williams","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2767","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.I.01401","article-title":"Operative versus nonoperative treatment of acute Achilles tendon ruptures: a multicenter randomized trial using accelerated functional rehabilitation","volume":"92","author":"Willits","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Bone Jt. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1123\/jab.26.2.142","article-title":"Sensitivity of estimated muscle force in forward simulation of normal walking","volume":"26","author":"Xiao","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Appl. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100717742372","article-title":"Achilles tendon resting angle relates to tendon length and function","volume":"39","author":"Zellers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096106","article-title":"Return to play post-Achilles tendon rupture: a systematic review and meta-analysis of rate and measures of return to play","volume":"50","author":"Zellers","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."}],"container-title":["Journal of Biomechanics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021929019300727?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021929019300727?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,10]],"date-time":"2022-09-10T22:41:52Z","timestamp":1662849712000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0021929019300727"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["S0021929019300727"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/415679","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0021-9290"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9290","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Plantarflexor fiber and tendon slack length are strong determinates of simulated single-leg heel raise height","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Biomechanics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.01.035","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}