{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:39:53Z","timestamp":1791895193450,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,1]],"date-time":"2006-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1164931200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Joint Bone Spine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,26]],"date-time":"2006-09-26T12:02:59Z","timestamp":1159272179000},"page":"633-638","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Rheumatologic manifestations of\u00a0chronic hepatitis C infection"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Christian","family":"Lormeau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00e9raldine","family":"Falgarone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Roulot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Christophe","family":"Boissier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2893.1999.6120139.x","article-title":"Global surveillance and control of hepatitis C","volume":"6","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Viral Hepat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2005.01490.x","article-title":"Systemic autoimmune diseases co-existing with chronic hepatitis C virus infection (the HISPAMEC Registry): patterns of clinical and immunological expression in 180 cases","volume":"257","author":"Ramos-Casals","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2204","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199910)42:10<2204::AID-ANR24>3.0.CO;2-D","article-title":"Extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C. MULTIVIRC Group","volume":"42","author":"Cacoub","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib4","first-page":"979","article-title":"Hepatitis C infection presenting with rheumatic manifestations: a mimic of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"23","author":"Lovy","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib5","first-page":"579","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus-related arthritis: characteristics and response to therapy with interferon alpha","volume":"18","author":"Zuckerman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2003.12.006","article-title":"The case for hepatitis C arthritis","volume":"33","author":"Rosner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin. Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib7","first-page":"420","article-title":"Arthritis in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"26","author":"Rivera","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib8","first-page":"370","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus infection: prevalence in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis","volume":"26","author":"Taglione","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.61.7.635","article-title":"Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"61","author":"Maillefert","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib10","first-page":"489","article-title":"Absence of cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody in nonarthritic patients with chronic hepatitis C infection","volume":"32","author":"Lienesch","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1041","article-title":"Role of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies in discriminating patients with chronic hepatitis C infection-associated polyarticular involvement","volume":"6","author":"Bombardieri","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2305","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20355","article-title":"Absence of antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide in sera of patients with hepatitis C virus infection and cryoglobulinemia","volume":"50","author":"Wener","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.6.1.27","article-title":"Management of hepatitis C virus-related arthritis","volume":"6","author":"Palazzi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh668","article-title":"Rheumatological manifestations of hepatitis C: incidence in a rheumatology and non-rheumatology setting and the effect of methotrexate and interferon","volume":"44","author":"Nissen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20702","article-title":"Anti-tumor necrosis factor agents for rheumatoid arthritis in the setting of chronic hepatitis C infection","volume":"51","author":"Parke","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000154605.02737.FE","article-title":"In situ identification of hepatitis C virus RNA in muscle","volume":"64","author":"Ito","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2497","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1997.00440420129014","article-title":"Fibromyalgia in hepatitis C virus infection. Another infectious disease relationship","volume":"157","author":"Buskila","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-003-0290-7","article-title":"Fibromyalgia syndrome in patients with hepatitis C infection","volume":"23","author":"Kozanoglu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rheumatol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib19","first-page":"1118","article-title":"Lack of association of fibromyalgia with hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"32","author":"Narvaez","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/36.9.981","article-title":"Fibromyalgia-associated hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"36","author":"Rivera","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br. J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/S1297-319X(03)00071-X","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus, arthritides, and arthromyalgia","volume":"70","author":"Mariette","year":"2003","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"issue":"Suppl.","key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib22","first-page":"78","article-title":"HCV-related cryoglobulinemic vasculitis: an update on its etiopathogenesis and therapeutic strategies","volume":"21","author":"Ferri","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib23","first-page":"305","article-title":"Localization of hepatitis C virus antigens in liver and skin tissues of chronic hepatitis C virus-infected patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia","volume":"21","author":"Sansonno","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3668","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20594","article-title":"Clonal B cell populations in the blood and liver of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"50","author":"Vallat","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1126\/science.282.5390.938","article-title":"Binding of hepatitis C virus to CD81","volume":"282","author":"Pileri","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2118","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200109)44:9<2118::AID-ART364>3.0.CO;2-X","article-title":"Influence of HLA DR11 phenotype on the risk of hepatitis C virus associated mixed cryoglobulinemia","volume":"44","author":"Cacoub","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2062","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V91.6.2062","article-title":"Haplotype HLA B8-DR3 confers susceptibility to hepatitis C virus-related mixed cryoglobulinemia","volume":"91","author":"Lenzi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib28","first-page":"884","article-title":"Prevalence and incidence of cryoglobulins in hepatitis C virus-related chronic hepatitis patients: a prospective study","volume":"98","author":"Persico","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib29","first-page":"2199","article-title":"Long-term course of mixed cryoglobulinemia in patients infected with hepatitis C virus","volume":"31","author":"Sene","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2003.10.001","article-title":"Mixed cryoglobulinemia: demographic, clinical, and serologic features and survival in 231 patients","volume":"33","author":"Ferri","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin. Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1023\/B:MEBR.0000043982.17294.9b","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus-associated extrahepatic manifestations: a review","volume":"19","author":"Sene","year":"2004","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20958","article-title":"PEGylated interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin treatment in patients with hepatitis C virus-related systemic vasculitis","volume":"52","author":"Cacoub","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199403173301104","article-title":"Interferon alfa-2a therapy in cryoglobulinemia associated with hepatitis C virus","volume":"330","author":"Misiani","year":"1994","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3336","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V84.10.3336.3336","article-title":"Natural interferon-alpha versus its combination with 6-methyl-prednisolone in the therapy of type II mixed cryoglobulinemia: a long-term, randomized, controlled study","volume":"84","author":"Dammacco","year":"1994","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3317","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10699","article-title":"Interferon-alpha and ribavirin treatment in patients with hepatitis C virus-related systemic vasculitis","volume":"46","author":"Cacoub","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib36","first-page":"2172","article-title":"Treatment of refractory, symptomatic, hepatitis C virus related mixed cryoglobulinemia with ribavirin and interferon-alpha","volume":"27","author":"Zuckerman","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.10.031","article-title":"Treatment with peg-interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin of hepatitis C virus-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia: a pilot study","volume":"42","author":"Mazzaro","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2005.05.038","article-title":"Treatment with Peg-interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin of hepatitis C virus-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia","volume":"43","author":"Saadoun","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-003-0067-8","article-title":"Rheumatic manifestations of hepatitis C infection","volume":"5","author":"Vassilopoulos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr. Rheumatol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2002.004929","article-title":"Rituximab induces remission in refractory HCV associated cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis","volume":"62","author":"Lamprecht","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3827","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-09-2856","article-title":"Efficacity and safety of rituximab in type II mixed cryoglobulinemia","volume":"101","author":"Zaja","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38118","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-10-3162","article-title":"Monoclonal antibody treatment of mixed cryoglobulinemia resistant to interferon alpha with an anti-CD 20","volume":"101","author":"Sansonno","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh080","article-title":"Infliximab in the treatment of refractory vasculitis secondary to hepatitis C-associated mixed cryoglobulinaemia","volume":"43","author":"Chandesris","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/41.10.1126","article-title":"Efficacy of the anti-TNF-alpha antibody infliximab against refractory systemic vasculitides: an open pilot study on 10 patients","volume":"41","author":"Bartolucci","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2004.10.003","article-title":"Polyarteritis nodosa after interferon treatment for chronic hepatitis C","volume":"32","author":"de Dios Garcia-Diaz","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)91645-O","article-title":"Lymphocytic sialadenitis of Sjogren\u2019s syndrome associated with chronic hepatitis C virus liver disease","volume":"339","author":"Haddad","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1097\/01.md.0000157397.30055.c9","article-title":"Sjogren syndrome associated with hepatitis C virus: a multicenter analysis of 137 cases","volume":"84","author":"Ramos-Casals","year":"2005","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib48","first-page":"2382","article-title":"Presence of hepatitis C virus RNA in the salivary glands of patients with Sjogren\u2019s syndrome and hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"29","author":"Toussirot","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.1.233","article-title":"Sialadenitis histologically resembling Sjogren syndrome in mice transgenic for hepatitis C virus envelope genes","volume":"94","author":"Koike","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib50","first-page":"88","article-title":"Evolution of Sjogren syndrome associated with hepatitis C virus when chronic hepatitis C is treated by interferon or the association of interferon and ribavirin","volume":"26","author":"Doffoel-Hantz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rev. Med. Interne"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib51","first-page":"2245","article-title":"Prevalence and characteristics of Sjogren\u2019s syndrome or sicca syndrome in chronic hepatitis C virus infection: a prospective study","volume":"28","author":"Loustaud-Ratti","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/S0953-6205(03)00078-5","article-title":"Sarcoidosis and interferon therapy: report of five cases and review of the literature","volume":"14","author":"Leclerc","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1097\/01.md.0000157577.69729.e6","article-title":"Sarcoidosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection: analysis of 68 cases","volume":"84","author":"Ramos-Casals","year":"2005","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2801","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200012)43:12<2801::AID-ANR21>3.0.CO;2-V","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus infection mimicking systemic lupus erythematosus: study of hepatitis C virus infection in a series of 134 Spanish patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"43","author":"Ramos-Casals","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-199709000-00008","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"25","author":"Kowdley","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib56","first-page":"447","article-title":"Extrahepatic manifestations in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"17","author":"Ramos-Casals","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1086\/382537","article-title":"Clinical features related to antiphospholipid syndrome in patients with chronic viral infections (hepatitis C virus\/HIV infection): description of 82 cases","volume":"38","author":"Ramos-Casals","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-004-1031-3","article-title":"OPG\/RANKL system imbalance in a case of hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis: the pathogenetic key?","volume":"24","author":"Manganelli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2180","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-005-1858-8","article-title":"Hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis (HCAO): report of a new case with involvement of the OPG\/RANKL system","volume":"16","author":"Fiore","year":"2005","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."}],"container-title":["Joint Bone Spine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1297319X06001904?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1297319X06001904?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,18]],"date-time":"2020-04-18T09:56:20Z","timestamp":1587203780000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1297319X06001904"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1297319X06001904"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.05.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["1297-319X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1297-319X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]}}}