{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T22:29:22Z","timestamp":1781303362773,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]],"date-time":"2012-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341100800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Joint Bone Spine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,14]],"date-time":"2012-02-14T13:48:24Z","timestamp":1329227304000},"page":"347-350","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["How to treat refractory arthritis in lupus?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Mathieu","family":"Artifoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Pu\u00e9chal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rhum.2004.12.003","article-title":"Manifestations articulaires et musculaires du lupus","volume":"72","author":"Dernis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rev Rhum Ed Fr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0010","first-page":"557","article-title":"NSAID usage patterns by rheumatologists in the treatment of SLE","volume":"16","author":"Wallace","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.070367","article-title":"EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"67","author":"Bertsias","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2010.09.005","article-title":"Role for toll-like receptors in autoimmune disease: the example of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"78","author":"Richez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0035","first-page":"1457","article-title":"Comparison of hydroxychloroquine and placebo in the treatment of the arthropathy of mild systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"21","author":"Williams","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1177\/096120339600500313","article-title":"Controlled trial with chloroquine diphosphate in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"5","author":"Mein\u00e3o","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2009.09.007","article-title":"Why all systemic lupus erythematosus patients should be given hydroxychloroquine treatment?","volume":"77","author":"Costedoat-Chalumeau","year":"2010","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3623","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22198","article-title":"The effect of moderate-dose corticosteroids in preventing severe flares in patients with serologically active, but clinically stable, systemic lupus erythematosus: findings of a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"54","author":"Tseng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0055","first-page":"1275","article-title":"Double blind, randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial of methotrexate in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"26","author":"Carneiro","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24068","article-title":"Steroid-sparing effects of methotrexate in systemic lupus erythematosus: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"59","author":"Fortin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0065","first-page":"1674","article-title":"A 2-year, open ended trial of methotrexate in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"21","author":"Wilson","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.56.6.382","article-title":"Methotrexate in patients with moderate systemic lupus erythematosus (exclusion of renal and central nervous system disease)","volume":"56","author":"Gansauge","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/41.8.876","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil for systemic lupus erythematosus refractory to other immunosuppressive agents","volume":"41","author":"Karim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1002\/art.25052","article-title":"Nonrenal disease activity following mycophenolate mofetil or intravenous cyclophosphamide as induction treatment for lupus nephritis: findings in a multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, parallel-group clinical trial","volume":"62","author":"Ginzler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5001630","article-title":"Azathioprine\/methylprednisolone versus cyclophosphamide in proliferative lupus nephritis. A randomized controlled trial","volume":"70","author":"Grootscholten","year":"2006","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S33","DOI":"10.1177\/096120330501400107","article-title":"Maintenance therapies for proliferative lupus nephritis: mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine and intravenous cyclophosphamide","volume":"14","author":"Contreras","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780140511","article-title":"Azathioprine in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. A controlled study","volume":"14","author":"Sztejnbok","year":"1971","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780180106","article-title":"Long-term maintenance therapy with azathioprine in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"18","author":"Ginzler","year":"1975","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1191\/0961203304lu1067sr","article-title":"Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study of leflunomide in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"13","author":"Tam","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27233","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of rituximab in moderately-to-severely active systemic lupus erythematosus: the randomized, double-blind, phase II\/III systemic lupus erythematosus evaluation of rituximab trial","volume":"62","author":"Merrill","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rovin BH, Furie R, Latinis K, et al. for the LUNAR Investigator Group. Efficacy and safety of rituximab in patients with active proliferative lupus nephritis: The lupus nephritis assessment with rituximab (LUNAR) study. Arthritis Rheum 2012 Jan 9, doi: 10.1002\/art.34359, [Epub ahead of print].","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34359"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2458","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27541","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of rituximab in systemic lupus erythematosus: results from 136 patients from the French autoimmunity and rituximab registry","volume":"62","author":"Terrier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61354-2","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of belimumab in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus: a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"377","author":"Navarra","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Furie R, Petri M, Zamani O, et al. for the BLISS-76 Study Group. A phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled study of belimumab, a monoclonal antibody that inhibits B lymphocyte stimulator, in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2011;63:3918\u201330.","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30613"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0135","first-page":"S607","article-title":"Belimumab, a BLyS-specific inhibitor, reduced disease activity across multiple organ domains: combined efficacy results from the phase 3 BLISS-52 and -76 studies (abstract)","volume":"62","author":"Manzi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3077","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27601","article-title":"The efficacy and safety of abatacept in patients with non-life-threatening manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus: results of a twelve-month, multicenter, exploratory, phase IIb, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"62","author":"Merrill","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27221","article-title":"Tocilizumab in systemic lupus erythematosus: data on safety, preliminary efficacy, and impact on circulating plasma cells from an open-label phase I dosage-escalation study","volume":"62","author":"Illei","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep270","article-title":"Adverse events and efficacy of TNF-alpha blockade with infliximab in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: long-term follow-up of 13 patients","volume":"48","author":"Aringer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2010.02.032","article-title":"Arthritis mutilans in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"77","author":"Jakez-Ocampo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"}],"container-title":["Joint Bone Spine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1297319X11003307?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1297319X11003307?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,7]],"date-time":"2019-03-07T01:36:14Z","timestamp":1551922574000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1297319X11003307"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S1297319X11003307"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.12.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["1297-319X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1297-319X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]}}}