{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T03:17:53Z","timestamp":1790047073981,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,20]],"date-time":"2018-08-20T22:10:22Z","timestamp":1534803022000},"page":"15-21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The simulation heuristic, paranoia, and social anxiety in a non-clinical sample"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0979-1139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariamne","family":"Rose","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6051-3604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lyn","family":"Ellett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vyv","family":"Huddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary P.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465813001148","article-title":"Naturalistic change in nonclinical paranoid experiences","volume":"42","author":"Allen-Crooks","year":"2014","journal-title":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(95)00032-S","article-title":"\u201cIf I feel anxious, there must be danger\u201d: Ex-consequentia reasoning in inferring danger in anxiety disorders","volume":"33","author":"Arntz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2017.01.005","article-title":"Introduction to the special issue on cognition and delusions: What do we know, what do we guess, and what do we perhaps falsely believe?","volume":"56","author":"Balzan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.112.119032","article-title":"The structure of paranoia in the general population","volume":"202","author":"Bebbington","year":"2013","journal-title":"The British Journal of Psychiatry: Journal of Mental Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1348\/147608306X100536","article-title":"An experiential perspective on persecutory paranoia: A grounded theory construction","volume":"80","author":"Boyd","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10615800290007254","article-title":"Worry and the simulation of future outcomes","volume":"15","author":"Brown","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anxiety, Stress & Coping"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib7","series-title":"Social Phobia: Diagnosis, assessment, and treatment","first-page":"69","article-title":"A cognitive model of social phobia","author":"Clark","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1348\/014466505X29099","article-title":"Paranoia and emotion perception across the continuum","volume":"45","author":"Combs","year":"2006","journal-title":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(03)00051-3","article-title":"The role of sub-clinical paranoia on social perception and behavior","volume":"69","author":"Combs","year":"2004","journal-title":"Schizophrenia Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1080\/13546800701707306","article-title":"Subtypes of paranoia in a nonclinical sample","volume":"12","author":"Combs","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.176.4.379","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the social phobia inventory (SPIN): A new self-rating scale","volume":"176","author":"Connor","year":"2000","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329170999211X","article-title":"The allusive cognitive deficit in paranoia: The case for mental time travel or cognitive self-projection","volume":"40","author":"Corcoran","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329170600794X","article-title":"Reasoning under uncertainty: Heuristic Judgments in patients with persecutory delusions or depression","volume":"36","author":"Corcoran","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8260.1997.tb01410.x","article-title":"Normal and abnormal reasoning in people with delusions","volume":"36","author":"Dudley","year":"1997","journal-title":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbv150","article-title":"Psychosis, delusions and the \u201cjumping to conclusions\u201d reasoning bias: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"42","author":"Dudley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Schizophrenia Bulletin"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NMD.0000081646.33030.EF","article-title":"Paranoia in a nonclinical population of college students","volume":"191","author":"Ellett","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.62.1.129","article-title":"Persecutory ideation and self-consciousness","volume":"62","author":"Fenigstein","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2006.10.004","article-title":"Suspicious minds: The psychology of persecutory delusions","volume":"27","author":"Freeman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1348\/014466500163400","article-title":"Comments on the content of persecutory delusions: Does the definition need clarification?","volume":"39","author":"Freeman","year":"2000","journal-title":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.186.5.427","article-title":"Psychological investigation of the structure of paranoia in a non-clinical population","volume":"186","author":"Freeman","year":"2005","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.72.4.671","article-title":"Why do people with delusions fail to choose more realistic explanations for their experiences? An empirical investigation","volume":"72","author":"Freeman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291710001546","article-title":"Concomitants of paranoia in the general population","volume":"41","author":"Freeman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib23","series-title":"Aberrant beliefs and reasoning","article-title":"Reasoning in schizophrenia","author":"Gangemi","year":"2014"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1080\/20445911.2012.737318","article-title":"Models and cognitive change in psychopathology","volume":"25","author":"Gangemi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199104000-00003","article-title":"Reasoning in deluded schizophrenic and paranoid patients. Biases in performance on a probabilistic inference task","volume":"179","author":"Garety","year":"1991","journal-title":"The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib26","series-title":"The association between reasoning and emotion in the mental simulation of paranoia","author":"Huddy","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8341.2012.02072.x","article-title":"An exploratory investigation of real world reasoning in paranoia","volume":"87","author":"Huddy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.01.072","article-title":"Mental simulation and experience as determinants of performance expectancies in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorder","volume":"237","author":"Huddy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1080\/14640748808402300","article-title":"Probabilistic judgements in deluded and non-deluded subjects","volume":"40A","author":"Huq","year":"1988","journal-title":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.185.4.298","article-title":"The prevalence and correlates of self-reported psychotic symptoms in the British population","volume":"185","author":"Johns","year":"2004","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.113.4.822","article-title":"A hyper-emotion theory of psychological illnesses","volume":"113","author":"Johnson-Laird","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1348\/014466508X282833","article-title":"Obsessive compulsive symptoms and the simulation of future negative events","volume":"47","author":"Keen","year":"2008","journal-title":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-009-9274-6","article-title":"A behavioral index of imagery ability in social anxiety","volume":"35","author":"Morrison","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.179.6.540","article-title":"Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) Scale: Factor structure, item analyses and internal consistency in a large population","volume":"179","author":"Mykletun","year":"2001","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib35","series-title":"Workbook for training in interpersonal problem-solving thinking","author":"Platt","year":"1977"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib36","first-page":"354","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the French and English versions of the social phobia inventory","volume":"38","author":"Radomsky","year":"2006","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.455","article-title":"The simulation heuristic and visual imagery in pessimism for future negative events in anxiety","volume":"12","author":"Raune","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2011.01787.x","article-title":"The association between social phobia, social anxiety cognitions and paranoid symptoms","volume":"125","author":"Schutters","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02357512","article-title":"Paranoia, self-consciousness, and social cognition in schizophrenics","volume":"18","author":"Sm\u00e1ri","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2011.03.023","article-title":"Associations among perceptual anomalies, social anxiety, and paranoia in a college student sample","volume":"188","author":"Tone","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychiatric Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0285(73)90033-9","article-title":"Availability: A heuristic for judging frequency and probability","volume":"5","author":"Tversky","year":"1973","journal-title":"Cognitive Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib42","series-title":"Judgement under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases","first-page":"163","article-title":"Availability: A heuristic for judging frequency and probability","author":"Tversky","year":"1982"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.101.4.547","article-title":"Support theory: A nonextensional representation of subjective probability","volume":"101","author":"Tversky","year":"1994","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291714002359","article-title":"Delusion proneness and \u2018jumping to conclusions\u2019: Relative and absolute effects","volume":"45","author":"Van der Leer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib45","series-title":"Imagery and the threatened self: Perspectives on mental imagery and the self in cognitive therapy","first-page":"94","article-title":"Imagery and the self in social phobia","author":"Wild","year":"2009"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1080\/13803390590949511","article-title":"The contribution of a cognitive bias against disconfirmatory evidence (BADE) to delusions in schizophrenia","volume":"28","author":"Woodward","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x","article-title":"The hospital anxiety and depression scale","volume":"67","author":"Zigmond","year":"1983","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"}],"container-title":["Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005791617302264?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005791617302264?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T09:25:33Z","timestamp":1757755533000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0005791617302264"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S0005791617302264"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0005-7916"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0005-7916","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The simulation heuristic, paranoia, and social anxiety in a non-clinical sample","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbtep.2018.08.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}