{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T06:46:34Z","timestamp":1773038794290,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Postdoctoral Fellowships"},{"name":"Alexander von Humboldt Foundation Postdoctoral Research Fellowship"},{"name":"KU Leuven Research Council","award":["PF\/10\/005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PF\/10\/005"]}]},{"name":"Red Noses grant of the Research Foundation \u2013 Flanders","award":["G0F5617N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G0F5617N"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,2]],"date-time":"2019-02-02T10:24:44Z","timestamp":1549103084000},"page":"22-30","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Difficulty in updating positive beliefs about negative cognition is associated with increased depressed mood"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0406-8654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keisuke","family":"Takano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Van Grieken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filip","family":"Raes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib1","series-title":"Beck depression inventory (BDI\u2013II) manual","author":"Beck","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.85.2.186","article-title":"Depression and the response of others","volume":"85","author":"Coyne","year":"1976","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20087","article-title":"The RDoC framework: Facilitating transition from ICD\/DSM to dimensional approaches that integrate neuroscience and psychopathology","volume":"13","author":"Cuthbert","year":"2014","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005591412406","article-title":"Cognitive inflexibility among ruminators and nonruminators","volume":"24","author":"Davis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib5","series-title":"Decision making, affect, and learning: Attention and performance XXIII","first-page":"1","article-title":"Trial-by-trial data analysis using computational models","author":"Daw","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2009.09030407","article-title":"Reward\/punishment reversal learning in older suicide attempters","volume":"167","author":"Dombrovski","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149","article-title":"Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses","volume":"41","author":"Faul","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib2a","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1214\/ss\/1177011136","article-title":"Inference from iterative simulation using multiple sequences","volume":"7","author":"Gelman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Statistical Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.105.3.358","article-title":"Self-verification in clinical depression: The desire for negative evaluation","volume":"105","author":"Giesler","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131305","article-title":"Cognition and depression: Current status and future directions","volume":"6","author":"Gotlib","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annual Review of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib3a","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2006.03.022","article-title":"Effects of mood on how future events are generated and perceived","volume":"41","author":"Hepburn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib10","series-title":"Memory and emotion","first-page":"186","article-title":"Memory for emotional and non-emotional events in depression: A question of habit","author":"Hertel","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib12","first-page":"1593","article-title":"The no-U-turn sampler: Adaptively setting path lengths in Hamiltonian Monte Carlo","volume":"15","author":"Hoffman","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01333","article-title":"Stuttering thoughts: Negative self-referent thinking is less sensitive to aversive outcomes in people with higher levels of depressive symptoms","volume":"8","author":"Iijima","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-011-2579-7","article-title":"Reversal learning as a measure of impulsive and compulsive behavior in addictions","volume":"219","author":"Izquierdo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-016-1106-6","article-title":"Sensitivity to value-driven attention is predicted by how we learn from value","volume":"24","author":"Jahfari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmp.2016.03.007","article-title":"How hierarchical models improve point estimates of model parameters at the individual level","volume":"73","author":"Katahira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Mathematical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.5127\/jep.038013","article-title":"Investigating functional properties of depressive rumination: Insight and avoidance","volume":"5","author":"Kingston","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.56.6.853","article-title":"Two self-reference effects: The importance of distinguishing between self-descriptiveness judgments and autobiographical retrieval in self-referent encoding","volume":"56","author":"Klein","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib1a","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2010.08.005","article-title":"Understanding depressive rumination from a cognitive science perspective: the impaired disengagement hypothesis","volume":"31","author":"Koster","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2012.05.007","article-title":"Effects of depression on reward-based decision making and variability of action in probabilistic learning","volume":"43","author":"Kunisato","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-011-9430-7","article-title":"Trait rumination is associated with enhanced recollection of negative words","volume":"36","author":"Kuo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.69.1.176","article-title":"Effects of self-focused rumination on negative thinking and interpersonal problem solving","volume":"69","author":"Lyubomirsky","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.7.1.19","article-title":"On the practice of dichotomization of quantitative variables","volume":"7","author":"MacCallum","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychological Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.95.1.15","article-title":"Attentional bias in emotional disorders","volume":"95","author":"MacLeod","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.143916","article-title":"Cognitive vulnerability to emotional disorders","volume":"1","author":"Mathews","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annual Review of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-7358(92)90116-P","article-title":"Mood-congruent recall of affectively toned stimuli: A meta-analytic review","volume":"12","author":"Matt","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1177\/0145445514521630","article-title":"The dark-side of rule governed behavior: An experimental analysis of problematic rule-following in an adolescent population with depressive symptomatology","volume":"38","author":"McAuliffe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Behavior Modification"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.130.5.711","article-title":"Is there a universal positivity bias in attributions? A meta-analytic review of individual, developmental, and cultural differences in the self-serving attributional bias","volume":"130","author":"Mezulis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-012-0243-8","article-title":"Norms of valence, arousal, dominance, and age of acquisition for 4,300 Dutch words","volume":"45","author":"Moors","year":"2013","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib29","series-title":"When even a full glass looks half empty: A study of processes that dampen positivity in the context of depression","author":"Nelis","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.100.4.569","article-title":"Responses to depression and their effects on the duration of depression","volume":"100","author":"Nolen-Hoeksema","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.109.3.504","article-title":"The role of rumination in depressive disorders and mixed anxiety\/depressive symptoms","volume":"109","author":"Nolen-Hoeksema","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6924.2008.00088.x","article-title":"Rethinking rumination","volume":"3","author":"Nolen-Hoeksema","year":"2007","journal-title":"Perspectives on Psychological Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/S1077-7229(01)80021-3","article-title":"Metacognitive beliefs about rumination in recurrent major depression","volume":"8","author":"Papageorgiou","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cognitive Behavioral Practice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023962332399","article-title":"An emperical test of a clinical metacognitive model of rumination and depression","volume":"27","author":"Papageorgiou","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib35","series-title":"Depressive rumination: Nature, theory and treatment","author":"Papageorgiou","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.11.026","article-title":"Toward an objective characterization of an anhedonic phenotype: A signal detection approach","volume":"57","author":"Pizzagalli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib37","series-title":"The revised version of the Dutch ruminative response scale","author":"Raes","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/sjop.12233","article-title":"A learning theory account of depression","volume":"57","author":"Ramner\u00f6","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2006.10.005","article-title":"On the links between self-discrepancies, rumination, metacognitions, and symptoms of depression in undergraduates","volume":"45","author":"Roelofs","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1007\/s10862-010-9182-9","article-title":"Brooding and reflection as subtypes of rumination: Evidence from confirmatory factor analysis in nonclinical samples using the Dutch Ruminative Response Scale","volume":"32","author":"Schoofs","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2016.18.1\/wschultz","article-title":"Dopamine reward prediction error coding","volume":"18","author":"Schultz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib42","series-title":"Stan: A C++ library for probability and sampling, version 2.8.0","author":"Stan Development Team","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00898","article-title":"Validating the PVL-Delta model for the Iowa gambling task","volume":"4","author":"Steingroever","year":"2013","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib4a","series-title":"Reinforcement learning: An introduction","author":"Sutton","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1080\/02699931.2015.1068162","article-title":"Is self-positive information more appealing than money? Individual differences in positivity bias according to depressive symptoms","volume":"30","author":"Takano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cognition and Emotion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023910315561","article-title":"Rumination reconsidered: A psychometric analysis","volume":"27","author":"Treynor","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib47","series-title":"Handleiding bij de Nederlandse bewerking van de BDI-II. [Manual of the Dutch version of the BDI-II]","author":"Van der Does","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.92.3.526","article-title":"Mental habits: Metacognitive reflection on negative self-thinking","volume":"92","author":"Verplanken","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib50","series-title":"De verkorte POMS [The shortened POMS]. Amsterdam: Onuitgegeven doctoraalwerkstuk, vakgroep psychonomie, psychologisch laboratorium","author":"Wald","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.134.2.163","article-title":"Constructive and unconstructive repetitive thought","volume":"134","author":"Watkins","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib52","first-page":"279","article-title":"Q- learning","volume":"8","author":"Watkins","year":"1992","journal-title":"Machine Learning"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1037\/a0035540","article-title":"A habit-goal framework of depressive rumination","volume":"123","author":"Watkins","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmp.2008.12.001","article-title":"Bayesian parameter estimation in the expectancy valence model of the Iowa gambling task","volume":"54","author":"Wetzels","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Mathematical Psychology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005791617302926?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005791617302926?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T09:26:16Z","timestamp":1757755576000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0005791617302926"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["S0005791617302926"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0005-7916"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0005-7916","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Difficulty in updating positive beliefs about negative cognition is associated with increased depressed mood","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.02.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}