{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T18:33:44Z","timestamp":1786991624751,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jcehepatology.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T23:25:59Z","timestamp":1756250759000},"page":"103176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Budd\u2013Chiari Syndrome and Pregnancy\u2014A Review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9626-5243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suprabhat","family":"Giri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sayan","family":"Malakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shradhanjali","family":"Sahoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3763-9089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taraprasad","family":"Tripathy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ranjan K.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4995-1611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dibya L.","family":"Praharaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anil","family":"Chandra Anand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2017.06.027","article-title":"Normal pregnancy is associated with an increase in thrombin generation from the very early stages of the first trimester","volume":"157","author":"Bagot","year":"2017","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2008.02921.x","article-title":"Pregnancy, the postpartum period and prothrombotic defects: risk of venous thrombosis in the MEGA study","volume":"6","author":"Pomp","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-021-10189-4","article-title":"Budd-Chiari syndrome: consensus guidance of the Asian Pacific Association for the study of the liver (APASL)","volume":"15","author":"Shukla","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/839875","article-title":"Prevalence of Budd-Chiari syndrome during pregnancy or puerperium: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"2015","author":"Ren","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2014.12.007","article-title":"Pregnancy and vascular liver disease","volume":"5","author":"Bissonnette","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2024.101473","article-title":"Budd Chiari syndrome: radiological aspects of the disease pertaining to infertility and role of interventional radiology in successful conception","volume":"14","author":"Mukund","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(80)90180-1","article-title":"Budd-Chiari syndrome following pregnancy. Report of 16 cases, with roentgenologic, hemodynamic and histologic studies of the hepatic outflow tract","volume":"68","author":"Khuroo","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2022.07.022","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation for Budd-Chiari syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"Giri","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib9","first-page":"85","article-title":"Clinical analysis of 22 patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chin J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(95)80252-5","article-title":"Epidemiological and clinical features of Budd-Chiari syndrome in Japan","volume":"22","author":"Okuda","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-199401000-00003","article-title":"Hepatic outflow obstruction (Budd-Chiari syndrome). Experience with 177 patients and a review of the literature","volume":"73","author":"Dilawari","year":"1994","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltim)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-151-3-200908040-00004","article-title":"Etiology, management, and outcome of the Budd-Chiari syndrome","volume":"151","author":"Darwish","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.48.2.264","article-title":"Factor V Leiden related Budd-Chiari syndrome","volume":"48","author":"Deltenre","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2019.02.007","article-title":"Indian national association for the study of the liver-federation of obstetric and gynaecological societies of India position statement on management of liver diseases in pregnancy","volume":"9","author":"Arora","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S248","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10071-24027","article-title":"Liver diseases in the parturient","volume":"25","author":"Sundaram","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20190847","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of Doppler ultrasound, CT and MRI in Budd Chiari syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"93","author":"Gupta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-004-2583-y","article-title":"The use of iodinated and gadolinium contrast media during pregnancy and lactation","volume":"15","author":"Webb","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-20-0627","article-title":"Iodine contrast prior to or during pregnancy and neonatal thyroid function: a systematic review","volume":"184","author":"van Welie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-2115(96)02495-5","article-title":"Budd-Chiari syndrome complicating severe preeclampsia in a parturient with primary antiphospholipid syndrome","volume":"68","author":"Segal","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib20","article-title":"Acute onset Budd-Chiari syndrome in the postpartum period: a case of missed diagnosis leading to rapid deterioration","volume":"16","author":"Alami","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-015-1053-z","article-title":"Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement during pregnancy: a case series of five patients","volume":"38","author":"Ingraham","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-024-01733-9","article-title":"Comparison of direct intrahepatic portosystemic shunt and other major radiological interventions in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome","volume":"44","author":"Malakar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Indian J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-199108000-00020","article-title":"Budd-Chiari syndrome complicating pre-eclampsia: diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"13","author":"Gordon","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/75.1.105","article-title":"Combined orthotopic liver transplantation and caesarean section for the Budd-Chiari syndrome","volume":"75","author":"Valentine","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(96)70031-8","article-title":"Acute Budd-Chiari syndrome with fulminant hepatic failure in a pregnant woman with factor V Leiden mutation","volume":"111","author":"Fickert","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1996.tb09640.x","article-title":"Budd-Chiari syndrome in pregnancy treated by caesarean section and liver transplant","volume":"103","author":"Salha","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2003.50134","article-title":"Acute Budd-Chiari syndrome during pregnancy: surgical treatment and orthotopic liver transplantation with successful completion of the pregnancy","volume":"9","author":"Grant","year":"2003","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610802378199","article-title":"Recurrent Budd-Chiari syndrome in pregnancy","volume":"28","author":"Jayagopal","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610802648930","article-title":"Pregnancy complicated by Budd-Chiari syndrome and antiphospholipid syndrome","volume":"29","author":"Pati","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.52225\/narra.v4i1.245","article-title":"Management of non-cirrhotic variceal bleeding in pregnant women with Budd-Chiari syndrome in the early second trimester: a case report","volume":"4","author":"Abubakar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Narra J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2012-007344","article-title":"Fetal warfarin syndrome","volume":"2012","author":"Starling","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e884","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(20)30327-6","article-title":"Safety of direct oral anticoagulant exposure during pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"7","author":"Beyer-Westendorf","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.3301","article-title":"Diuretics in pregnancy: data from the ESC registry of pregnancy and cardiac disease (ROPAC)","volume":"26","author":"van der Zande","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2024.132234","article-title":"Perinatal outcomes after in-utero exposure to beta-blockers in women with heart disease: data from the ESC EORP registry of pregnancy and cardiac disease (ROPAC)","volume":"410","author":"Ramlakhan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21354","article-title":"Aiming at minimal invasiveness as a therapeutic strategy for Budd-Chiari syndrome","volume":"44","author":"Plessier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2021.10.148","article-title":"Presence of ascites at presentation is associated with absence of long-term response amongst patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome when treated with medical therapy alone: a single centre real-life experience","volume":"12","author":"Agrawal","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2007.03.009","article-title":"Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation for recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding during pregnancy","volume":"18","author":"Savage","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2007.02.013","article-title":"Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: a case report of rescue management of unrestrainable variceal bleeding in a pregnant woman","volume":"40","author":"Lodato","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2018.05.019","article-title":"Successful trans-jugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement during 2nd trimester","volume":"226","author":"Levin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euac158","article-title":"Risk of ionizing radiation in pregnancy: just a myth or a real concern?","volume":"25","author":"Saada","year":"2023","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib41","first-page":"153","article-title":"Post-gravidic Budd-Chiari syndrome treated by mesocaval H-graft shunt","volume":"13","author":"Nuzzo","year":"1983","journal-title":"Ital J Surg Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(90)90007-T","article-title":"Postpartum Budd-Chiari syndrome with prolonged hypercoagulability state","volume":"162","author":"Ilan","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2023.07.019","article-title":"Liver transplantation for acute liver failure during pregnancy: case report and literature review","volume":"55","author":"Shen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000004290","article-title":"Urgent liver transplantation for acute liver failure in pregnant women: the optimum timing for delivery","volume":"107","author":"Ichai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i4.629","article-title":"Validation of prognostic indices in Egyptian Budd-Chiari syndrome patients: a single-center study","volume":"23","author":"Sakr","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2014.05.014","article-title":"Pregnancy with portal hypertension","volume":"4","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2004.07.002","article-title":"Screening and management of inherited thrombophilias in the setting of adverse pregnancy outcome","volume":"31","author":"Paidas","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.02.028","article-title":"Pregnancy in women with known and treated Budd-Chiari syndrome: maternal and fetal outcomes","volume":"51","author":"Rautou","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.32.2.202","article-title":"Amenorrhoea in women with non-alcoholic chronic liver disease","volume":"32","author":"Cundy","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-023-01341-z","article-title":"Pelvic congestion needs attention in infertile women with Budd-Chiari syndrome","volume":"42","author":"Sharma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2022.10.024","article-title":"The role of thrombophilias in reproduction: a swot analysis","volume":"280","author":"Fabregues","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13552","article-title":"Pregnancy outcomes in women with Budd Chiari Syndrome before onset of symptoms and after treatment","volume":"38","author":"Shukla","year":"2018","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-022-01307-7","article-title":"Pregnancy outcomes in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome: a tertiary care experience","volume":"42","author":"Biswas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-022-10316-9","article-title":"Gonadal dysfunction in male patients with Budd Chiari syndrome and its reversibility with treatment","volume":"16","author":"Ramani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-024-04558-4","article-title":"Interventions in Budd-Chiari syndrome: an updated review","volume":"50","author":"Patel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (NY)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1748973","article-title":"Pregnancy in patients with non-cirrhotic portal hypertension: a literature review","volume":"44","author":"Giri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1177\/1753495X221143864","article-title":"Maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant patients with non-cirrhotic portal hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Giri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Obstet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-023-01400-5","article-title":"Prothrombotic states in portal vein thrombosis and Budd-Chiari syndrome in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"42","author":"Giri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2023020727","article-title":"How I diagnose and treat antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnancy","volume":"143","author":"Branch","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2023020729","article-title":"How I treat myeloproliferative neoplasms in pregnancy","volume":"143","author":"Robinson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib61","article-title":"Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria in pregnancy: a dilemma in treatment and thromboprophylaxis","volume":"2017","author":"Patel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Case Rep Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1502950","article-title":"Eculizumab in pregnant patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria","volume":"373","author":"Kelly","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1841-0399","article-title":"Management of antithrombin deficiency in pregnancy","volume":"42","author":"Hart","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hamostaseologie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1177\/1745505716653702","article-title":"Management of inherited thrombophilia in pregnancy","volume":"12","author":"Ormesher","year":"2016","journal-title":"Womens Health (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of in vitro fertilisation in patients with chronic liver disease and liver transplantation recipients","volume":"74","author":"Rahim","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2184","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002252","article-title":"Assisted reproductive technology treatment outcomes in women with liver disease","volume":"118","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7757","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13247757","article-title":"Role of antiplatelets and anticoagulation therapies in pregnancy","volume":"13","author":"Zachariah","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1804","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.06.076","article-title":"Anticoagulation during pregnancy: evolving strategies with a focus on mechanical valves","volume":"68","author":"Alshawabkeh","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjae.2024.09.004","article-title":"Peripartum management of the patient taking anticoagulant medications","volume":"25","author":"Reale","year":"2025","journal-title":"BJA Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-015-1309-0","article-title":"Guidance for the treatment and prevention of obstetric-associated venous thromboembolism","volume":"41","author":"Bates","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.4103\/sja.sja_529_22","article-title":"The role of point of care thromboelastography (TEG) and thromboelastometry (ROTEM) in management of Primary postpartum haemorrhage: a meta-analysis and systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Khanna","year":"2023","journal-title":"Saudi J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3317","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2018024802","article-title":"American Society of Hematology 2018 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: venous thromboembolism in the context of pregnancy","volume":"2","author":"Bates","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib73","article-title":"Contraception in patients with liver disease and liver transplant","volume":"23","author":"Garriga","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)91181-4","article-title":"Successful pregnancy after Budd-Chiari syndrome","volume":"2","author":"Vons","year":"1984","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib75","first-page":"235","article-title":"Successful pregnancy following orthotopic liver transplantation for idiopathic Budd-Chiari syndrome","volume":"7","author":"Ramsey","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1160\/TH06-02-0098","article-title":"Pregnancy in a woman with a history of Budd-Chiari syndrome treated by porto-systemic shunt, protein C deficiency and bicornuate uterus","volume":"95","author":"Martinelli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-013-2834-8","article-title":"Pregnancy outcome in Budd Chiari Syndrome--a tertiary care centre experience","volume":"288","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000003817","article-title":"Pregnancy in Budd-Chiari syndrome: case report and proposed risk score","volume":"95","author":"Merz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltim)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v9.i21.945","article-title":"Outcomes of pregnancy in patients with known Budd-Chiari syndrome","volume":"9","author":"Khan","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s13224-018-1138-0","article-title":"Pregnancy in Budd Chiari syndrome-A case report","volume":"69","author":"Ksheerasagar","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol India"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-237761","article-title":"Budd-Chiari syndrome diagnosed with pregnancy in a patient with inherited thrombophilia","volume":"14","author":"Elkhateb","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16915","article-title":"Pregnancy outcomes in women with Budd-Chiari syndrome or portal vein thrombosis - a multicentre retrospective cohort study","volume":"129","author":"Wiegers","year":"2022","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176_bib83","article-title":"Successful Pregnancy Outcome in an Operated Case of Budd-Chiari Syndrome Having Fetal Growth Restriction: A Twisted Tale of Gravid","volume":"15","author":"Gupta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0973688325006760?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0973688325006760?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T03:36:41Z","timestamp":1769225801000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0973688325006760"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0973688325006760"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176","relation":{},"ISSN":["0973-6883"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0973-6883","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Budd\u2013Chiari Syndrome and Pregnancy\u2014A Review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jceh.2025.103176","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Indian National Association for Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103176"}}