{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T18:49:55Z","timestamp":1789843795684,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","heartfailure.onlinejacc.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JACC: Heart Failure"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,13]],"date-time":"2017-10-13T10:16:25Z","timestamp":1507889785000},"page":"18-26","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Association Between Type 2 Diabetes and All-Cause Hospitalization and Mortality in the UK General Heart Failure Population"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Claire A.","family":"Lawson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter W.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucy","family":"Teece","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra B.","family":"Dunbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petar M.","family":"Seferovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamlesh","family":"Khunti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mamas","family":"Mamas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umesh T.","family":"Kadam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.05.180","article-title":"Non-cardiovascular comorbidity, severity and prognosis in non-selected heart failure populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"196","author":"Rushton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.116.003316","article-title":"Heart failure, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease: a clinical conundrum","volume":"9","author":"Aguilar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1504720","article-title":"Empagliflozin, cardiovascular outcomes, and mortality in type 2 diabetes","volume":"373","author":"Zinman","year":"2015","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib4","unstructured":"Funnell MM. 4 Steps to Manage Your Diabetes for Life. NIH Publication no. 06-5492. 2006. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health, National Diabetes Education Program."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3035","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht108","article-title":"ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD","volume":"34","author":"Ryd\u00e9n","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.04.049","article-title":"Relationship of hemoglobin A1C and mortality in heart failure patients with diabetes","volume":"54","author":"Aguilar","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.115.002638","article-title":"Antihyperglycemic medication use among Medicare beneficiaries with heart failure, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease","volume":"9","author":"Patel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.11.024","article-title":"Influence of diabetes and diabetes-gender interaction on the risk of death in patients hospitalized with congestive heart failure","volume":"43","author":"Gustafsson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.108.794008","article-title":"Discordant short- and long-term outcomes associated with diabetes in patients with heart failure: importance of age and sex: a population study of 5.1 million people in Scotland","volume":"1","author":"MacDonald","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.15.1699","volume":"168","author":"Gerstein","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2009.03537.x","article-title":"Validation and validity of diagnoses in the General Practice Research Database: a systematic review","volume":"69","author":"Herrett","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.1.20","article-title":"Antidiabetic drugs and heart failure risk in patients with type 2 diabetes in the U.K. primary care setting","volume":"28","author":"Maru","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2014.11.027","article-title":"CKD and the risk of acute, community-acquired infections among older people with diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study using electronic health records","volume":"66","author":"McDonald","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-5-5","article-title":"Comparison of nested case-control and survival analysis methodologies for analysis of time-dependent exposure","volume":"5","author":"Essebag","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib15","unstructured":"Department for Communities and Local Government. English Indices of Deprivation 2010: Guidance Document 2011. Available at: https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/6871\/1871208.pdf. Accessed June 8,\u00a02015."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1111\/biom.12358","article-title":"Handling missing data in matched case-control studies using multiple imputation","volume":"71","author":"Seaman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib17","series-title":"Epidemiology, An Introduction","author":"Rothman","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61969-3","article-title":"Survival as a function of HbA(1c) in people with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"375","author":"Currie","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16765-2","article-title":"Prevalence, care, and outcomes for patients with diet-controlled diabetes in general practice: cross sectional survey","volume":"364","author":"Hippisley-Cox","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-2227","article-title":"Treatment of type 2 diabetes and outcomes in patients with heart failure: a nested case\u2013control study from the U.K. General Practice Research Database","volume":"33","author":"MacDonald","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.02.078","article-title":"Palliative care in congestive heart failure","volume":"54","author":"Goodlin","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2005.10.008","article-title":"An unexpected inverse relationship between HbA1c levels and mortality in patients with diabetes and advanced systolic heart failure","volume":"151","author":"Eshaghian","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.455","article-title":"Mean HbA1c and mortality in diabetic individuals with heart failure: a population cohort study","volume":"18","author":"Elder","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2005.12.072","article-title":"Relation of loop diuretic dose to mortality in advanced heart failure","volume":"97","author":"Eshaghian","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2012.12.054","article-title":"U-shape association between hemoglobin A1c and late mortality in patients with heart failure after cardiac surgery","volume":"111","author":"Engoren","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.02.009","article-title":"Reverse epidemiology in different stages of heart failure","volume":"184","author":"G\u00fcder","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-0920","article-title":"Hypoglycemia and risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in insulin-treated people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a cohort study","volume":"38","author":"Khunti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068008","article-title":"Recent HbA1c values and mortality risk in type 2 diabetes. Population-based case-control study","volume":"8","author":"Nicholas","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.02.009","article-title":"Reverse epidemiology in different stages of heart failure","volume":"184","author":"G\u00fcder","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-0920","article-title":"Hypoglycemia and risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in insulin-treated people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a cohort study","volume":"38","author":"Khunti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"}],"container-title":["JACC: Heart Failure"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213177917306054?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213177917306054?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T02:38:41Z","timestamp":1546310321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213177917306054"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S2213177917306054"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-1779"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-1779","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Association Between Type 2 Diabetes and All-Cause Hospitalization and Mortality in the UK General Heart Failure Population","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"JACC: Heart Failure","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.08.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Crown Copyright \u00a9 2018 Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}