{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T18:16:09Z","timestamp":1788459369692,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]],"date-time":"2022-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004325","name":"AstraZeneca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004325","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014588","name":"Sanofi Pasteur","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014588","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004330","name":"GlaxoSmithKline","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014941","name":"Cytokinetics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014941","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004334","name":"Merck","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004334","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015340","name":"Bayer Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015340","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004336","name":"Novartis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004336","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008497","name":"Boston Scientific Corporation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008497","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008897","name":"Janssen Pharmaceuticals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001003","name":"Boehringer Ingelheim","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001003","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018868","name":"Sphingotec GmbH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018868","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001316","name":"Abbott Laboratories","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001316","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006483","name":"AbbVie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006483","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002429","name":"Amgen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002429","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006520","name":"Edwards Lifesciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006520","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002491","name":"Bristol-Myers Squibb","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002491","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017647","name":"ResMed","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG045551-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG045551-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017647","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017647","name":"ResMed","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01HL125511-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01HL125511-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017647","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004337","name":"Roche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004337","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019040","name":"Respicardia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019040","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000968","name":"American Heart Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000968","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004374","name":"Medtronic","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004374","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006484","name":"Vifor Pharma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006484","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jacc.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JACC: Heart Failure"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]],"date-time":"2022-11-09T16:22:07Z","timestamp":1668010927000},"page":"889-901","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Functional and Symptomatic Clinical\u00a0Trial\u00a0Endpoints"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Mitchell A.","family":"Psotka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William T.","family":"Abraham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mona","family":"Fiuzat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerasimos","family":"Filippatos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JoAnn","family":"Lindenfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tariq","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. Michael","family":"Felker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Jacob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalane W.","family":"Kitzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric S.","family":"Leifer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eldrin F.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Mentz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Nkulikiyinka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel E.","family":"Schaber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhinav","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott D.","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norman","family":"Stockbridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R.","family":"Teerlink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellis F.","family":"Unger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Whellan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet","family":"Wittes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan D.","family":"Anker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher M.","family":"O\u2019Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.11.048","article-title":"Improving heart failure therapeutics development in the United States: the Heart\u00a0Failure Collaboratory","volume":"71","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib2","first-page":"973","article-title":"Dapagliflozin in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. Reply","volume":"382","author":"McMurray","year":"2020","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1915928","article-title":"Vericiguat in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction","volume":"382","author":"Armstrong","year":"2020","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib4","first-page":"429","article-title":"Endpoints in heart failure drug development: history and future","volume":"8","author":"Fiuzat","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol HF"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.8.790","article-title":"Are surrogate markers adequate to assess cardiovascular disease drugs?","volume":"282","author":"Temple","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.120.007759","article-title":"Effect of inotropes on patient-reported health status in end-stage heart failure: a review of published clinical trials","volume":"14","author":"Clarke","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1557","article-title":"Why has positive inotropy failed in chronic heart failure? Lessons from prior inotrope trials","volume":"21","author":"Ahmad","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1177\/009286159603000410","article-title":"Testing the hypothesis that matters for multiple primary endpoints","volume":"30","author":"Capizzi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Drug Inf J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib13","series-title":"Bayesian Adaptive Methods for Clinical Trials","author":"Berry","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib14","first-page":"791","article-title":"Patient-reported outcomes in chronic heart failure: applicability for regulatory approval","volume":"4","author":"Psotka","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol HF"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.09.544","article-title":"Conduct of clinical trials in the era of COVID-19: JACC scientific expert panel","volume":"76","author":"Psotka","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.117.004148","article-title":"Impact of telemonitoring on health status","volume":"10","author":"Jayaram","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.09.542","article-title":"Interpreting the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire in clinical trials and clinical care: JACC state-of-the-art review","volume":"76","author":"Spertus","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-019-1104-2","article-title":"Responsiveness and minimal clinically important difference of the Minnesota Living With Heart\u00a0Failure Questionnaire","volume":"17","author":"Gonzalez-Saenz de Tejada","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.042929","article-title":"Dapagliflozin effects on biomarkers, symptoms, and functional status in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: the DEFINE-HF trial","volume":"140","author":"Nassif","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.116.003430","article-title":"Health-related quality of life outcomes in PARADIGM-HF","volume":"10","author":"Lewis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6215-8-31","article-title":"Responder analyses and the assessment of a clinically relevant treatment effect","volume":"8","author":"Snapinn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2017.06.016","article-title":"Multinational and multiethnic variations in health-related quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure","volume":"191","author":"Luo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e219","DOI":"10.2196\/resprot.5631","article-title":"Pixel or paper? Validation of a mobile technology for collecting patient-reported outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"5","author":"Epis","year":"2016","journal-title":"JMIR Res Protoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2436","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0908355","article-title":"Ferric carboxymaltose in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency","volume":"361","author":"Anker","year":"2009","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1810","article-title":"Minimal clinically important difference in quality of life scores for patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction","volume":"22","author":"Butler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2026141","article-title":"Physical rehabilitation for older patients hospitalized for heart failure","volume":"385","author":"Kitzman","year":"2021","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejheart.2006.10.020","article-title":"Self-assessed symptoms in chronic heart failure\u2014important information for clinical management","volume":"9","author":"Ekman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib30","first-page":"596","article-title":"Validation of exercise capacity as a surrogate endpoint in exercise-based rehabilitation for heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"6","author":"Ciani","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol HF"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.08.1010","article-title":"6-Min walk test provides prognostic utility comparable to cardiopulmonary exercise testing in ambulatory outpatients with systolic heart failure","volume":"60","author":"Forman","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.3390\/s18041206","article-title":"\u201cWhat is a step?\u201d Differences in how a step is detected among three popular activity monitors that have impacted physical activity research","volume":"18","author":"John","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sensors (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2018.10.001","article-title":"Two-minute versus 6-minute walk distances during 6-minute walk test in neuromuscular disease: is the 2-minute walk test an effective alternative to a 6-minute walk test?","volume":"23","author":"Witherspoon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.166.1.at1102","article-title":"ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test","volume":"166","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-020-01725-5","article-title":"Physical functional performance and prognosis in patients with heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Fuentes-Abolafio","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.105890","article-title":"Validation of 6-minute walk distance as a surrogate end point in pulmonary arterial hypertension trials","volume":"126","author":"Gabler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib37","article-title":"Discordance between severity of heart failure as determined by patient report versus cardiopulmonary exercise testing","volume":"10","author":"Michelis","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib38","first-page":"874","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized controlled trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of cardiac contractility modulation","volume":"6","author":"Abraham","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol HF"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjr.0000189807.22224.54","article-title":"Prognostic value of time-related changes of cardiopulmonary exercise testing indices in stable chronic heart failure: a pragmatic and operative scheme","volume":"13","author":"Corra","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.111.965186","article-title":"Modest increase in peak Vo2 is related to better clinical outcomes in chronic heart failure patients: results from heart failure and a controlled trial to investigate outcomes of exercise training","volume":"5","author":"Swank","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1080\/14017431.2019.1707863","article-title":"Comparison of questionnaire and accelerometer-based assessments of physical activity in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: clinical and prognostic implications","volume":"54","author":"Schmidt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scand Cardiovasc J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz148","article-title":"Physical activity of UK adults with chronic disease: cross-sectional analysis of accelerometer-measured physical activity in 96 706 UK Biobank participants","volume":"48","author":"Barker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1159\/000512513","article-title":"A\u00a0roadmap to inform development, validation and approval of digital mobility outcomes: the Mobilise-D approach","volume":"4","author":"Rochester","year":"2020","journal-title":"Digit Biomark"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1159\/000515835","article-title":"EVIDENCE publication checklist for studies evaluating connected sensor technologies: explanation and elaboration","volume":"5","author":"Manta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Digit Biomark"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib45","first-page":"1438","article-title":"Use of actigraphy (wearable digital sensors to monitor activity) in heart failure randomized clinical trials: a scoping review","volume":"7","author":"Anchouche","year":"2021","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2259","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000435708.67487.da","article-title":"Guide to the assessment of physical activity: clinical and research applications: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"128","author":"Strath","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25","DOI":"10.5301\/heartint.5000231","article-title":"Seasonal variation of daily physical activity in individuals with heart failure","volume":"11","author":"Shoemaker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heart Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-015-0316-z","article-title":"The descriptive epidemiology of accelerometer-measured physical activity in older adults","volume":"13","author":"Berkemeyer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2076","article-title":"OUTSTEP-HF: randomised controlled trial comparing short-term effects of sacubitril\/valsartan versus enalapril on daily physical activity in patients with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction","volume":"23","author":"Piepoli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.117.003878","article-title":"Accelerometer-measured daily activity in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: clinical correlates and association with standard heart failure severity indices","volume":"10","author":"Snipelisky","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.332.7549.1080","article-title":"The cost of dichotomising continuous variables","volume":"332","author":"Altman","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1980.tb01109.x","article-title":"Regression models for ordinal data","volume":"42","author":"McCullagh","year":"1980","journal-title":"J\u00a0R Stat Soc Ser B (Methodol)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr352","article-title":"The win ratio: a new approach to the analysis of composite endpoints in clinical trials based on clinical priorities","volume":"33","author":"Pocock","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"}],"container-title":["JACC: Heart Failure"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213177922005868?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213177922005868?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T05:00:54Z","timestamp":1761973254000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213177922005868"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S2213177922005868"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-1779"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-1779","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Functional and Symptomatic Clinical\u00a0Trial\u00a0Endpoints","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"JACC: Heart Failure","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchf.2022.09.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}