{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T08:17:40Z","timestamp":1793521060232,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,2,2]],"date-time":"2027-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1801526400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":366,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000090","name":"CDMRP","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000090","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004191","name":"Novo Nordisk","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004191","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"NHLBI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jacc.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JACC: Heart Failure"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T04:02:14Z","timestamp":1760587334000},"page":"102712","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Prevalence and Associations of Systemic Inflammation in Heart Failure Across the Spectrum of Ejection Fraction"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Barry A.","family":"Borlaug","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilie","family":"Holse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mette Holme","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8175-2121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. Michael","family":"Lincoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon L.","family":"Mulvagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"St\u00e6rk-\u00d8stergaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine R.","family":"Tuttle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark C.","family":"Petrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32279-7","volume":"392","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1810","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.01.049","article-title":"Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: JACC scientific statement","volume":"81","author":"Borlaug","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3536","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvac133","article-title":"Inflammatory pathways in heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction: implications for future interventions","volume":"118","author":"Pugliese","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaa217","article-title":"Metabolic inflammation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"117","author":"Schiattarella","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2023.06.031","article-title":"Interleukin-6 in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction","volume":"11","author":"Alogna","year":"2023","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0201836","article-title":"High-sensitivity C-reactive protein in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"13","author":"DuBrock","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2024.04.016","article-title":"Autoimmune disorders in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"12","author":"Tada","year":"2024","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.08.028","article-title":"Inflammation in obesity-related HFpEF: The STEP-HFpEF program","volume":"84","author":"Verma","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)09286-1","article-title":"Endotoxin and immune activation in chronic heart failure: a prospective cohort study","volume":"353","author":"Niebauer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-019-0315-x","article-title":"Reappraising the role of inflammation in heart failure","volume":"17","author":"Adamo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.01.014","article-title":"Inflammation in heart failure: JACC state-of-the-art review","volume":"75","author":"Murphy","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.003989","article-title":"Biomarker profiles in heart failure patients with preserved and reduced ejection fraction","volume":"6","author":"Tromp","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.06.050","article-title":"Identifying pathophysiological mechanisms in heart failure with reduced versus preserved ejection fraction","volume":"72","author":"Tromp","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.121.318159","article-title":"From systemic inflammation to myocardial fibrosis: the heart failure with preserved ejection fraction paradigm revisited","volume":"128","author":"Paulus","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.02.092","article-title":"A novel paradigm for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: comorbidities drive myocardial dysfunction and remodeling through coronary microvascular endothelial inflammation","volume":"62","author":"Paulus","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-023-00919-6","article-title":"Immunomodulation and immunopharmacology in heart failure","volume":"21","author":"Markousis-Mavrogenis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2041","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfad009","article-title":"The rationale, design and baseline data of FLOW, a kidney outcomes trial with once-weekly semaglutide in people with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease","volume":"38","author":"Rossing","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1932","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15058","article-title":"Effects of oral semaglutide on cardiovascular outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes and established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and\/or chronic kidney disease: design and baseline characteristics of SOUL, a randomized trial","volume":"25","author":"McGuire","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23621","article-title":"Semaglutide for cardiovascular event reduction in people with overweight or obesity: SELECT study baseline characteristics","volume":"31","author":"Lingvay","year":"2023","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2307563","article-title":"Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in obesity without diabetes","volume":"389","author":"Lincoff","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2403347","article-title":"Effects of semaglutide on chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"391","author":"Perkovic","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1707914","article-title":"Antiinflammatory therapy with canakinumab for atherosclerotic disease","volume":"377","author":"Ridker","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2258","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03140-1","article-title":"An evidence-based screening tool for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: the HFpEF-ABA score","volume":"30","author":"Reddy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3133","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000077913.60364.D2","volume":"107","author":"Chung","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000124490.27666.B2","article-title":"Targeted anticytokine therapy in patients with chronic heart failure: results of the Randomized Etanercept Worldwide Evaluation (RENEWAL)","volume":"109","author":"Mann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60134-8","article-title":"Results of a non-specific immunomodulation therapy in chronic heart failure (ACCLAIM trial): a placebo-controlled randomised trial","volume":"371","author":"Torre-Amione","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.038010","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory therapy with canakinumab for the prevention of hospitalization for heart failure","volume":"139","author":"Everett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2018.11.037","article-title":"Characterization of the obese phenotype of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a RELAX trial ancillary study","volume":"94","author":"Reddy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.045810","article-title":"Proteomic evaluation of the comorbidity-inflammation paradigm in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: results from the PROMIS-HFpEF study","volume":"142","author":"Sanders-van Wijk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"43","key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4607","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaf663","article-title":"HFpEF-ABA score is a more useful enrichment tool than natriuretic peptides in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"46","author":"Borlaug","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102526","article-title":"Utility of HFpEF diagnostic scores to stratify cardiac reserve among patients with dyspnea","volume":"13","author":"Ibe","year":"2025","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01643-X","article-title":"Semaglutide versus placebo in patients with heart failure and mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction: a pooled analysis of the SELECT, FLOW, STEP-HFpEF, and STEP-HFpEF DM randomised trials","volume":"404","author":"Kosiborod","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2013.08.047","article-title":"Effects of interleukin-1 blockade with anakinra on aerobic exercise capacity in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (from the D-HART pilot study)","volume":"113","author":"Van Tassell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2410027","article-title":"Tirzepatide for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and obesity","volume":"392","author":"Packer","year":"2025","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03374-z","article-title":"Effects of tirzepatide on circulatory overload and end-organ damage in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and obesity: a secondary analysis of the SUMMIT trial","volume":"31","author":"Borlaug","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2306963","article-title":"Semaglutide in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and obesity","volume":"389","author":"Kosiborod","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2313917","article-title":"Semaglutide in patients with obesity-related heart failure and type 2 diabetes","volume":"390","author":"Kosiborod","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2405182","article-title":"Inflammation, cholesterol, lipoprotein(a), and 30-year cardiovascular outcomes in women","volume":"391","author":"Ridker","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2024.131818","article-title":"High-sensitivity C-reactive protein in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: findings from TOPCAT","volume":"402","author":"Ferreira","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"}],"container-title":["JACC: Heart Failure"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213177925006420?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213177925006420?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T15:17:47Z","timestamp":1782487067000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213177925006420"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S2213177925006420"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-1779"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-1779","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prevalence and Associations of Systemic Inflammation in Heart Failure Across the Spectrum of Ejection Fraction","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"JACC: Heart Failure","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchf.2025.102712","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102712"}}