{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T10:21:47Z","timestamp":1768904507827,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22008197"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22008197"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007128","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021JQ-441"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JQ-441"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007128","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010228","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19JK0853"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19JK0853"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010228","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010246","name":"Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021M692609"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021M692609"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010246","name":"Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021M702649"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021M702649"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Colloid and Interface Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]],"date-time":"2022-12-20T20:07:55Z","timestamp":1671566875000},"page":"995-1004","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Facile and controllable preparation of carbon microsphere for electro-driven nitrogen reduction: Accommodating nitrogen doping with hierarchical porous structure"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"634","author":[{"given":"Da-Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Long","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji-Quan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ganglin","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00168a001","article-title":"Nitrogenase and biological nitrogen fixation","volume":"33","author":"Kim","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaf2091","article-title":"Light-driven dinitrogen reduction catalyzed by a CdS:nitrogenase MoFe protein biohybrid","volume":"352","author":"Brown Katherine","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1038\/ngeo325","article-title":"How a century of ammonia synthesis changed the world","volume":"1","author":"Erisman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Geosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.G. Chen, R.M. Crooks, L.C. Seefeldt, K.L. Bren, R.M. Bullock, M.Y. Darensbourg, P.L. Holland, B. Hoffman, M.J. Janik, A.K. Jones, M.G. Kanatzidis, P. King, K.M. Lancaster, S.V. Lymar, P. Pfromm, W.F. Schneider, R.R. Schrock, Beyond fossil fuel\u2013driven nitrogen transformations, Science 360 (2018) eaar6611, http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aar6611.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aar6611"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1038\/22672","article-title":"Detonator of the population explosion","volume":"400","author":"Smil","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2004","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200301553","article-title":"Catalytic synthesis of ammonia\u2014a \u201cNever-Ending Story\u201d?","volume":"42","author":"Schl\u00f6gl","year":"2003","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1039\/C3CS60206K","article-title":"Mechanistic aspects of dinitrogen cleavage and hydrogenation to produce ammonia in catalysis and organometallic chemistry: relevance of metal hydride bonds and dihydrogen","volume":"43","author":"Jia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4184","DOI":"10.1021\/jp0225774","article-title":"Ionization potential, electron affinity, electronegativity, hardness, and electron excitation energy: molecular properties from density functional theory orbital energies","volume":"107","author":"Zhan","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2004.12.004","article-title":"Energy efficiency improvements in ammonia production\u2014perspectives and uncertainties","volume":"30","author":"Rafiqul","year":"2005","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2018.04.017","article-title":"Greening ammonia toward the solar ammonia refinery","volume":"2","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Joule"},{"issue":"6398","key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1126\/science.361.6398.120","article-title":"Liquid sunshine","volume":"361","author":"Service","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1007\/s12274-018-2268-5","article-title":"Review on photocatalytic and electrocatalytic artificial nitrogen fixation for ammonia synthesis at mild conditions: advances, challenges and perspectives","volume":"12","author":"Xue","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nano Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1039\/C7EE02220D","article-title":"Rational design of electrocatalysts and photo(electro)catalysts for nitrogen reduction to ammonia (NH3) under ambient conditions","volume":"11","author":"Guo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100307","DOI":"10.1002\/adsu.202100307","article-title":"Fabricating Ag\/PW12\/Zr-mTiO2 composite via doping and interface engineering: an efficient catalyst with bifunctionality in photo- and electro-driven nitrogen reduction reactions","volume":"6","author":"Feng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Sustain. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1039\/D1NJ05917C","article-title":"Amorphization and defect engineering in constructing ternary composite Ag\/PW10V2\/am-TiO2\u2212x for enhanced photocatalytic nitrogen fixation","volume":"46","author":"Feng","year":"2022","journal-title":"New J. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16590","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TA13902H","article-title":"Direct utilization of air and water as feedstocks in the photo-driven nitrogen reduction reaction over a ternary Z-scheme SiW9Co3\/PDA\/BWO hetero-junction","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2102031","DOI":"10.1002\/admi.202102031","article-title":"Designing \u201cCore\u2013Shell\u201d insoluble-SiW11Fe@\u03b4-Bi2O3 Z-scheme heterojunction for photo-driven nitrogen reduction reaction and evaluating the impact of oxygen toward nitrogen reduction","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0090","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Bakerian Lecture, on some chemical agencies of electricity","volume":"97","author":"Davy","year":"1807","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., B, Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1039\/D0EE03596C","article-title":"Strategies to suppress hydrogen evolution for highly selective electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction: challenges and perspectives","volume":"14","author":"Ren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008983","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202008983","article-title":"Development of electrocatalysts for efficient nitrogen reduction reaction under ambient condition","volume":"31","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2010052","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202010052","article-title":"The role of defects in metal-organic frameworks for nitrogen reduction reaction: when defects switch to features","volume":"31","author":"Khalil","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800501","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.201800501","article-title":"Nitrogen reduction to ammonia on atomic-scale active sites under mild conditions","volume":"3","author":"Yan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Small Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21149","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TA08806G","article-title":"Glycerol oxidation assisted electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction: ammonia and glyceraldehyde co-production on bimetallic RhCu ultrathin nanoflake nanoaggregates","volume":"7","author":"Bai","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2649","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201913122","article-title":"Crystal-phase-engineered PdCu electrocatalyst for enhanced ammonia synthesis","volume":"59","author":"Tong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5302","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.8b04634","article-title":"Redispersion of Mo-based catalysts and the rational design of super small-sized metallic Mo species","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18449","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201911153","article-title":"Greatly improving electrochemical N2 reduction over TiO2 nanoparticles by iron doping","volume":"58","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11754","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.9b01991","article-title":"Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction to ammonia by Fe2O3 nanorod array on carbon cloth","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Sust. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12974","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TA03974G","article-title":"MoO3 nanosheets for efficient electrocatalytic N2 fixation to NH3","volume":"6","author":"Han","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1801357","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201801357","article-title":"Boosted electrocatalytic N2 reduction to NH3 by defect-rich MoS2 nanoflower","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1902535","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201902535","article-title":"Amorphous Sn\/crystalline SnS2 nanosheets via in situ electrochemical reduction methodology for highly efficient ambient N2 fixation","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13387","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.8b08379","article-title":"Mechanistic insights into electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction on vanadium nitride nanoparticles","volume":"140","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1902709","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201902709","article-title":"Nitrogen vacancies on 2D layered W2N3: a stable and efficient active site for nitrogen reduction reaction","volume":"31","author":"Jin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803694","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201803694","article-title":"Molybdenum carbide nanodots enable efficient electrocatalytic nitrogen fixation under ambient conditions","volume":"30","author":"Cheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1021\/acscentsci.8b00734","article-title":"High-Performance N2-to-NH3 conversion electrocatalyzed by Mo2C nanorod","volume":"5","author":"Ren","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Cent. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16064","DOI":"10.1038\/natrevmats.2016.64","article-title":"Carbon-based metal-free catalysts","volume":"1","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803625","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201803625","article-title":"Electronic and structural engineering of carbon-based metal-free electrocatalysts for water splitting","volume":"31","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1805367","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201805367","article-title":"Carbon-based metal-free catalysts for electrocatalytic reduction of nitrogen for synthesis of ammonia at ambient conditions","volume":"31","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jechem.2019.06.013","article-title":"Rational design of carbon-based metal-free catalysts for electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction: a review","volume":"36","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Energy Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5782","DOI":"10.1021\/cr300367d","article-title":"Nanocarbons for the development of advanced catalysts","volume":"113","author":"Su","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7744","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.8b00288","article-title":"Progress in research into 2D graphdiyne-based materials","volume":"118","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1902494","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201902494","article-title":"3D carbon materials for efficient oxygen and hydrogen electrocatalysis","volume":"10","author":"Jorge","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1805598","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201805598","article-title":"3D heteroatom-doped carbon nanomaterials as multifunctional metal-free catalysts for integrated energy devices","volume":"31","author":"Paul","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2017.10.005","article-title":"3D porous carbonaceous electrodes for electrocatalytic applications","volume":"2","author":"Lai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Joule"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.7b02165","article-title":"Facile ammonia synthesis from electrocatalytic N2 reduction under ambient conditions on N-doped porous carbon","volume":"8","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2018.03.059","article-title":"Metal-organic framework-derived nitrogen-doped highly disordered carbon for electrochemical ammonia synthesis using N2 and H2O in alkaline electrolytes","volume":"48","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12408","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.8b20472","article-title":"Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P)-codoped porous carbon as a metal-free electrocatalyst for N2 reduction under ambient conditions","volume":"11","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16979","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TA04141A","article-title":"Electron distribution tuning of fluorine-doped carbon for ammonia electrosynthesis","volume":"7","author":"Yuan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.8b02138","article-title":"Ambient electrosynthesis of ammonia on a biomass-derived nitrogen-doped porous carbon electrocatalyst: contribution of pyridinic nitrogen","volume":"4","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Energy Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12360","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201805514","article-title":"Ambient electrosynthesis of ammonia: electrode porosity and composition engineering","volume":"57","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1805029","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201805029","article-title":"B-N pairs enriched defective carbon nanosheets for ammonia synthesis with high efficiency","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9088","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-019-03538-0","article-title":"Metal-free N, S co-doped graphene for efficient and durable nitrogen reduction reaction","volume":"54","author":"Tian","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10649","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.9b02794","article-title":"Corrosion-induced Cl-doped ultrathin graphdiyne toward electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction at ambient conditions","volume":"9","author":"Zou","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7762","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TA01078A","article-title":"Nitrogen-doped porous carbon: highly efficient trifunctional electrocatalyst for oxygen reversible catalysis and nitrogen reduction reaction","volume":"6","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1039\/C8CC09256G","article-title":"Electrochemical nitrogen reduction to ammonia at ambient conditions on nitrogen and phosphorus co-doped porous carbon","volume":"55","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1039\/C9CC07708A","article-title":"Boron and nitrogen dual-doped carbon nanospheres for efficient electrochemical reduction of N2 to NH3","volume":"56","author":"Xiao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1007\/s12274-021-3722-3","article-title":"One-step synthesis of N, P co-doped porous carbon electrocatalyst for highly efficient nitrogen fixation","volume":"15","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nano Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2688","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201914123","article-title":"Hierarchically ordered porous carbon with atomically dispersed FeN4 for ultraefficient oxygen reduction reaction in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells","volume":"59","author":"Qiao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1914","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201805523","article-title":"A biomass-derived carbon-based electrocatalyst for efficient N2 fixation to NH3 under ambient conditions","volume":"25","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Eur. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2684","DOI":"10.1039\/C8CC09867K","article-title":"Biomass-derived oxygen-doped hollow carbon microtubes for electrocatalytic N2-to-NH3 fixation under ambient conditions","volume":"55","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13329","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201906521","article-title":"Antimony-based composites loaded on phosphorus-doped carbon for boosting faradaic efficiency of the electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction","volume":"58","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800251","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.201800251","article-title":"S-doped carbon nanospheres: an efficient electrocatalyst toward artificial N2 fixation to NH3","volume":"3","author":"Xia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Small Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2020.118633","article-title":"Promotion of electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction on N-doped porous carbon with secondary heteroatoms","volume":"266","author":"Ren","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Catal., B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7067","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CS00141A","article-title":"Heteroatom-doped graphene materials: syntheses, properties and applications","volume":"43","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7687","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.1c00575","article-title":"Carbon-based catalysts for selective electrochemical nitrogen-to-ammonia conversion","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Sust. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1804672","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201804672","article-title":"Doping of carbon materials for metal-free electrocatalysis","volume":"31","author":"Hu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9363","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.0c00080","article-title":"Polymer-derived heteroatom-doped porous carbon materials","volume":"120","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3152","DOI":"10.1039\/C9CC00461K","article-title":"Sulfur dots\u2013graphene nanohybrid: a metal-free electrocatalyst for efficient N2-to-NH3 fixation under ambient conditions","volume":"55","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3371","DOI":"10.1039\/C9CC00602H","article-title":"Sulfur-doped graphene for efficient electrocatalytic N2-to-NH3 fixation","volume":"55","author":"Xia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2018.06.007","article-title":"Boron-doped graphene for electrocatalytic N2 reduction","volume":"2","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Joule"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4997","DOI":"10.1039\/C9CC00726A","article-title":"Efficient electrohydrogenation of N2 to NH3 by oxidized carbon nanotubes under ambient conditions","volume":"55","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4266","DOI":"10.1039\/C9CC01920K","article-title":"Defect-rich fluorographene nanosheets for artificial N2 fixation under ambient conditions","volume":"55","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2017.09.027","article-title":"Polymerization induced shaping of Pickering emulsion droplets: from simple hollow microspheres to molecularly imprinted multicore microrattles","volume":"332","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10899","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201805022","article-title":"Surfactant assembly within pickering emulsion droplets for fabrication of interior-structured mesoporous carbon microspheres","volume":"57","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10625","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201305003","article-title":"One-step preparation of macroporous polymer particles with multiple interconnected chambers: a candidate for trapping biomacromolecules","volume":"52","author":"Qian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2015.01.018","article-title":"Gelation and cross-link inhomogeneity of phenolic resins studied by small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering and 1H-pulse NMR spectroscopy","volume":"59","author":"Izumi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7210","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5b03579","article-title":"Combined CO2-philicity and ordered mesoporosity for highly selective CO2 capture at high temperatures","volume":"137","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8875","DOI":"10.1021\/ja503557x","article-title":"Intrinsic relationship between enhanced oxygen reduction reaction activity and nanoscale work function of doped carbons","volume":"136","author":"Cheon","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7073","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.9b02091","article-title":"Versatile nanoemulsion assembly approach to synthesize functional mesoporous carbon nanospheres with tunable pore sizes and architectures","volume":"141","author":"Peng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4372","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201311111","article-title":"Cobalt-embedded nitrogen-rich carbon nanotubes efficiently catalyze hydrogen evolution reaction at all ph values","volume":"53","author":"Zou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803498","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201803498","article-title":"Achieving a record-high yield rate of 120.9 for N2 electrochemical reduction over Ru single-atom catalysts","volume":"30","author":"Geng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1039\/an9840900549","article-title":"The berthelot or indophenol reaction and its use in the analytical chemistry of nitrogen. A review","volume":"109","author":"Searle","year":"1984","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3696","article-title":"Photo-illuminated diamond as a solid-state source of solvated electrons in water for nitrogen reduction","volume":"12","author":"Zhu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2006","DOI":"10.1021\/ac60072a044","article-title":"Spectrophotometric method for determination of hydrazine","volume":"24","author":"Watt","year":"1952","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2019.05.105","article-title":"Interface and defect engineer of titanium dioxide supported palladium or platinum for tuning the activity and selectivity of electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction","volume":"553","author":"Lv","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3416","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201801632","article-title":"Energy-efficient nitrogen reduction to ammonia at low overpotential in aqueous electrolyte under ambient conditions","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"ChemSusChem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2518","DOI":"10.1039\/C8CS00848E","article-title":"Approaches for measuring the surface areas of metal oxide electrocatalysts for determining their intrinsic electrocatalytic activity","volume":"48","author":"Wei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TA09482A","article-title":"One-pot synthesis of bi-metallic PdRu tripods as an efficient catalyst for electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction to ammonia","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3480","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201801444","article-title":"Ambient electrochemical synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and water catalyzed by flower-like gold microstructures","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"ChemSusChem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2019.134691","article-title":"Composition-dependent electrochemical activity of Ag-based alloy nanotubes for efficient nitrogen reduction under ambient conditions","volume":"321","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2019.04.011","article-title":"High Faraday efficiency for electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction on Co@N-doped carbon derived from a metal-organic framework under ambient conditions","volume":"248","author":"Yin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-017-0157-1","article-title":"Creation of triple hierarchical micro-meso-macroporous N-doped carbon shells with hollow cores toward the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction","volume":"10","author":"Xing","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nano-Micro Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6623","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.9b01226","article-title":"Macro\/microporous covalent organic frameworks for efficient electrocatalysis","volume":"141","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2019.123263","article-title":"Heteroatoms-doped hierarchical porous carbon derived from chitin for flexible all-solid-state symmetric supercapacitors","volume":"384","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2105562","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202105562","article-title":"Iridium-doped N-rich mesoporous carbon electrocatalyst with synthetic macrocycles as carbon source for hydrogen evolution reaction","volume":"31","author":"Xiao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6223","DOI":"10.1039\/D1TA00122A","article-title":"Low-crystallinity mesoporous NiGaFe hydroxide nanosheets on macroporous Ni foam for high-efficiency oxygen evolution electrocatalysis","volume":"9","author":"Zai","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6176","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201801876","article-title":"Realization of walnut-shaped particles with macro-\/mesoporous open channels through pore architecture manipulation and their use in electrocatalytic oxygen reduction","volume":"57","author":"Guan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105_b0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2980","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-020-0359-8","article-title":"A universal approach for the synthesis of mesoporous gold, palladium and platinum films for applications in electrocatalysis","volume":"15","author":"Lim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."}],"container-title":["Journal of Colloid and Interface Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021979722022536?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021979722022536?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T08:54:58Z","timestamp":1758272098000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0021979722022536"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"references-count":97,"alternative-id":["S0021979722022536"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9797"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9797","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Facile and controllable preparation of carbon microsphere for electro-driven nitrogen reduction: Accommodating nitrogen doping with hierarchical porous structure","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcis.2022.12.105","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}