{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T02:26:33Z","timestamp":1783131993052,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002797","name":"Government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022JBBJ011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022JBBJ011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002797","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002797","name":"Government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023JBQN047"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023JBQN047"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002797","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22462025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22462025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22362028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22362028"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004763","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KC2024028B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KC2024028B"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004763","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004763","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022QN02002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022QN02002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004763","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002338","name":"Ministry of Education of the People&apos;s Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023KFYB01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023KFYB01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002338","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Colloid and Interface Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]],"date-time":"2025-02-18T19:01:50Z","timestamp":1739905310000},"page":"241-249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Modulation of the electronic structure of nitrogen-carbon sites by sp3-hybridized carbon coupled to chloride ions improves electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction performance"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"688","author":[{"given":"Tingting","family":"Yue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4595-3396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingchun","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaohong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaqiong","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meilin","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1021\/cr000018s","article-title":"Catalysis research of relevance to carbon management: progress, challenges, and opportunities","volume":"101","author":"Arakawa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad4998","article-title":"Combining theory and experiment in electrocatalysis: insights into materials design","volume":"355","author":"Seh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0015","article-title":"Octahedral core\u2013shell bimetallic catalysts M@UIO-67 (M\u00a0=\u00a0Pt\u2013Pd nanoparticles, Pt\u2013Pd nanocages): metallic nanocages that enhanced CO2 conversion","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Mater. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmt.2018.08.014","article-title":"Stable nanoporous Sn\/SnO2 composites for efficient electroreduction of CO2 to formate over wide potential range","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Mater. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0025","article-title":"Design of active sites in Ni\/CeO2 catalysts for the methanation of CO2: tailoring the Ni-CeO2 contact","volume":"19","author":"C\u00e1rdenas-Arenas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Mater. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7655","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaem.9b01643","article-title":"SnSe2 nanorods on carbon cloth as a highly selective, active, and flexible electrocatalyst for electrochemical reduction of CO2 into formate","volume":"2","author":"He","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Energy Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4658","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaem.0c00301","article-title":"Syngas evolution from CO2 electroreduction by porous Au nanostructures","volume":"3","author":"Mascaretti","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Energy Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enconman.2006.09.019","article-title":"Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to hydrocarbons to store renewable electrical energy and upgrade biogas","volume":"48","author":"Gattrell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Energy Convers. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14107","DOI":"10.1021\/ja505791r","article-title":"Electrocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide to methane and methanol on transition metal surfaces","volume":"136","author":"Kuhl","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1007\/s41918-021-00096-5","article-title":"Fundamentals, On-going advances and challenges of electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction","volume":"5","author":"Kou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Electrochem. Energy Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4073","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.5b01559","article-title":"Catalysts and reaction pathways for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide","volume":"6","author":"Kortlever","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2420","DOI":"10.1039\/D1MH00675D","article-title":"Designing electrode materials for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide","volume":"8","author":"Ayyub","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Horiz."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11785","DOI":"10.1039\/D1CS00219H","article-title":"Carbon-based metal-free electrocatalysts: from oxygen reduction to multifunctional electrocatalysis","volume":"50","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms2315","article-title":"Probing the catalytic activity of porous graphene oxide and the origin of this behaviour","volume":"3","author":"Su","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4823","DOI":"10.1021\/cr5003563","article-title":"Metal-free catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction","volume":"115","author":"Dai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9363","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.0c00080","article-title":"Polymer-derived heteroatom-doped porous carbon materials","volume":"120","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1168049","article-title":"Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube arrays with high electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction","volume":"323","author":"Gong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13925","DOI":"10.1021\/ja5082553","article-title":"Metal-organic framework derived hybrid Co3O4-carbon porous nanowire arrays as reversible oxygen evolution electrodes","volume":"136","author":"Ma","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7628","DOI":"10.1039\/C7CS00690J","article-title":"Defects on carbons for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction","volume":"47","author":"Yan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1021\/nn102598m","article-title":"Structural defects in graphene","volume":"5","author":"Banhart","year":"2011","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6707","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.5b01835","article-title":"Significant contribution of intrinsic carbon defects to oxygen reduction activity","volume":"5","author":"Jiang","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1038\/s41929-019-0297-4","article-title":"Identification of active sites for acidic oxygen reduction on carbon catalysts with and without nitrogen doping","volume":"2","author":"Jia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Catal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5593","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201202424","article-title":"Nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages as efficient metal-free electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction","volume":"24","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9532","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201602912","article-title":"Defect graphene as a trifunctional catalyst for electrochemical reactions","volume":"28","author":"Jia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0125","first-page":"1574","article-title":"Ultrapure graphene is a poor electrocatalyst: definitive proof of the key role of metallic impurities in graphene-based electrocatalysis","volume":"13","author":"Mazanek","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202001300","article-title":"Ammonia thermal treatment toward topological defects in porous carbon for enhanced carbon dioxide electroreduction","volume":"32","author":"Dong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0135","article-title":"Intrinsic carbon-defect-driven electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide","volume":"31","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/elan.202200158","article-title":"Ultra\u2010small size ZIF\u20108 materials for efficient and selective electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO","volume":"35","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Electroanalysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15218","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.2c03055","article-title":"Steering carbon hybridization state in carbon-based metal-free catalysts for selective and durable CO2 electroreduction","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15089","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201907915","article-title":"Construction of a sp3 \/sp2 carbon interface in 3D N-doped nanocarbons for the oxygen reduction reaction","volume":"58","author":"Gao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chempr.2020.05.010","article-title":"A directional synthesis for topological defect in carbon","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202202341","article-title":"Stabilization of lattice oxygen in Li\u2010rich Mn\u2010based oxides via swing\u2010like non\u2010isothermal sintering","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/0927-0256(96)00008-0","article-title":"Efficiency of ab-initio total energy calculations for metals and semiconductors using a plane-wave basis set","volume":"6","author":"Kresse","year":"1996","journal-title":"Comp. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1758","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.59.1758","article-title":"From ultrasoft pseudopotentials to the projector augmented-wave method","volume":"59","author":"Kresse","year":"1999","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3865","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.77.3865","article-title":"Generalized gradient approximation made simple","volume":"77","author":"Perdew","year":"1996","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3382344","article-title":"A consistent and accurate ab initio parametrization of density functional dispersion correction (DFT-D) for the 94 elements H-Pu","volume":"132","author":"Grimme","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1746","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.16.1746","article-title":"Special points for brillouin-zone integrations","volume":"16","author":"Chadi","year":"1977","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2019.09.049","article-title":"Orthorhombic C14 carbon: a novel superhard sp3 carbon allotrope","volume":"156","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2018.10.096","article-title":"In-situ ion-activated carbon nanospheres with tunable ultramicroporosity for superior CO2 capture","volume":"143","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20985","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TA07297G","article-title":"Rational design of tailored porous carbon-based materials for CO2 capture","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9280","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.2c00719","article-title":"Metal-organic framework-derived graphene mesh: a robust scaffold for highly exposed Fe-N4 active sites toward an excellent oxygen reduction catalyst in acid media","volume":"144","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14928","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.0c03941","article-title":"Enhancing nitrogen electroreduction to ammonia by doping chlorine on reduced graphene oxide","volume":"10","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4498","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.0c05577","article-title":"Engineering the coordination environment of single cobalt atoms for efficient oxygen reduction and hydrogen evolution reactions","volume":"11","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Catal. 1"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0220","article-title":"N-doped sp2\/sp3 carbon derived from carbon dots to boost the performance of ruthenium for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Small Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chempr.2022.06.013","article-title":"Ultra-dense carbon defects as highly active sites for oxygen reduction catalysis","volume":"8","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2023.08.181","article-title":"K-N bridge-mediated charge separation in hollow g-C3N4 Frameworks: a bifunctional photocatalysts towards efficient H2 and H2O2 production","volume":"652","author":"Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1021\/om00013a022","article-title":"Importance of steric requirements relative to electronic contributions in bicycloalkyl-substituted titanocene dichloridest","volume":"13","author":"Bursten","year":"1994","journal-title":"Organometallics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6657","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcb.0c05872","article-title":"Tuning the cation-anion interactions by methylation of the pyridinium cation: an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of picolinium ionic liquids","volume":"124","author":"Men","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chempr.2018.07.005","article-title":"A defect-driven metal-free electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction in acidic electrolyte","volume":"4","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13701","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201506062","article-title":"Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube arrays for high-efficiency electrochemical reduction of CO2: On the understanding of defects, defect density, and selectivity","volume":"54","author":"Sharma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13508","DOI":"10.1039\/C9DT01691K","article-title":"Nitrogen-doped metal-free carbon catalysts for electrochemical CO2 conversion and valorisation","volume":"48","author":"Fernandes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11123","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202004226","article-title":"Boosting CO2 electroreduction on N,P co-doped carbon aerogels","volume":"59","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18852","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TA05904K","article-title":"Nitrogen-doped tubular carbon foam electrodes for efficient electroreduction of CO2 to syngas with potential-independent CO\/H2 ratios","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0270","article-title":"Constructing graphitic-nitrogen-bonded pentagons in interlayer-expanded graphene matrix toward carbon-based electrocatalysts for acidic oxygen reduction reaction","volume":"33","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0275","article-title":"Greenhouse gas emissions from global production and use of nitrogen synthetic fertilisers in agriculture","volume":"12","author":"Menegat","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40118-y","article-title":"Facilitating two-electron oxygen reduction with pyrrolic nitrogen sites for electrochemical hydrogen peroxide production","volume":"14","author":"Peng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0285","article-title":"Engineering electronic structure of nitrogen-carbon sites by sp3-hybridized carbon and incorporating chlorine to boost oxygen reduction activity","author":"Feng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201807166","article-title":"Electrochemical CO2 reduction into chemical feedstocks: from mechanistic electrocatalysis models to system design","volume":"31","author":"Kibria","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5506","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b09658","article-title":"Atomically dispersed iron-nitrogen sites on hierarchically mesoporous carbon nanotube and graphene nanoribbon networks for CO2 reduction","volume":"14","author":"Pan","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2020.04.022","article-title":"Unveiling in situ evolved In\/In2O3\u2212heterostructure as the active phase of In2O3 toward efficient electroreduction of CO2 to formate","volume":"65","author":"Liang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0305","article-title":"Oxygen-bridged indium-nickel atomic pair as dual-metal active sites enabling synergistic electrocatalytic CO2 reduction","volume":"62","author":"Hou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5951","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.8b09598","article-title":"An in situ surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy study of electrochemical CO2 reduction: selectivity dependence on surface C-bound and O-bound reaction intermediates","volume":"123","author":"Katayama","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2024.109660","article-title":"Embedded metal inducing electron accumulation of multi-mesoporous pyridinic-N doped carbon for enhancing *COOH adsorption in electrochemical CO2 reduction","volume":"126","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8889","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.4c02098","article-title":"Regulating adsorption of intermediates via the sulfur modulating dual-atomic sites for boosting CO2RR","volume":"11","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10479","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.4c00869","article-title":"Copper\/cobalt-loaded carbon nanostructures as catalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction","volume":"7","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Nano Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2024.109658","article-title":"Ni\/N-modulated biomass pyrolysis to make carbon-based catalysts for electrochemical CO2-to-CO conversion","volume":"126","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nano Energy"}],"container-title":["Journal of Colloid and Interface Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021979725004886?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021979725004886?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T20:38:23Z","timestamp":1778704703000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0021979725004886"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["S0021979725004886"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9797"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9797","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Modulation of the electronic structure of nitrogen-carbon sites by sp3-hybridized carbon coupled to chloride ions improves electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction performance","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.02.128","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}