{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T06:59:21Z","timestamp":1792133961839,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100025250","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F20-00139"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F20-00139"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100025250","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["canadianjournalofdiabetes.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Canadian Journal of Diabetes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T00:29:53Z","timestamp":1765931393000},"page":"82-87.e2","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Association Between Sex-specific Handgrip Strength and Plasma Glycated Hemoglobin Levels Among Older Adults: A Cross-sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3785-4141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Uyanga","family":"Ganbat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Altan-Ochir","family":"Byambaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris","family":"Feldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shane","family":"Arishenkoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graydon S.","family":"Meneilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Little","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Liu-Ambrose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth M.","family":"Madden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib2","author":"Sinclair"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2636","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31138-9","article-title":"Sarcopenia","volume":"393","author":"Cruz-Jentoft","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.681232","article-title":"Prevalence of sarcopenia and its association with diabetes: A meta-analysis of community-dwelling Asian population","volume":"8","author":"Chung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.782391","article-title":"The association between diabetes mellitus and risk of sarcopenia: Accumulated evidences from observational studies","volume":"12","author":"Qiao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-2310","article-title":"Prevalence and determinant factors of sarcopenia in patients with type 2 diabetes: The Korean Sarcopenic Obesity Study (KSOS)","volume":"33","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib9","series-title":"Comprehensive physiology","first-page":"785","article-title":"Role of skeletal muscle in insulin resistance and glucose uptake","author":"Merz","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1958","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10081958","article-title":"The impact of glucose-lowering drugs on sarcopenia in type 2 diabetes: Current evidence and underlying mechanisms","volume":"10","author":"Massimino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afz046","article-title":"Sarcopenia: Revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis","volume":"48","author":"Cruz-Jentoft","year":"2019","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2020.06.009","article-title":"Handgrip strength and health outcomes: Umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of observational studies","volume":"10","author":"Soysal","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Sport Health Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2020-001865","article-title":"Associations between grip strength and incident type 2 diabetes: Findings from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study","volume":"9","author":"Boonpor","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib14","article-title":"Low relative hand grip strength is associated with a higher risk for diabetes and impaired fasting glucose among the Korean population","volume":"17","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib15","author":"Liang"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2021.104348","article-title":"Glucose regulation and grip strength in adults: Findings from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study","volume":"94","author":"\u00c5str\u00f6m","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.01.007","article-title":"Decreased handgrip strength in patients with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital in north India","volume":"15","author":"Kaur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.21315\/mjms2024.31.3.14","article-title":"The impact of hand strength on HbA1c, body mass index and body composition by group according to sedentary behaviour: Cross-sectional study in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"31","author":"Nakanishi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Malays J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.996645","article-title":"Association between handgrip strength and metabolic syndrome: A meta-analysis and systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Wen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00719","article-title":"The relative handgrip strength and risk of cardiometabolic disorders: A prospective study","volume":"11","author":"Hao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1491584","article-title":"Handgrip strength as a potential indicator of aging: Insights from its association with aging-related laboratory parameters","volume":"12","author":"Kemala Sari","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2040-4603.2012.tb00425.x","article-title":"Lack of exercise is a major cause of chronic diseases","volume":"2","author":"Booth","year":"2012","journal-title":"Compr Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16010172","article-title":"The vicious cycle of type 2 diabetes mellitus and skeletal muscle atrophy: Clinical, biochemical, and nutritional bases","volume":"16","author":"Lopez-Pedrosa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2018.296962","article-title":"The national glycohemoglobin standardization program: Over 20 years of improving hemoglobin A1c measurement","volume":"65","author":"Little","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases11040175","article-title":"Association between sarcopenia and poor glycemic control in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"11","author":"Alfaro-Alvarado","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7258.405","article-title":"Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): Prospective observational study","volume":"321","author":"Stratton","year":"2000","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)62000-6","article-title":"Prognostic value of grip strength: Findings from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study","volume":"386","author":"Leong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4178\/epih.e2021080","article-title":"Associations between grip strength and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus: An analysis of data from the 2014-2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","volume":"43","author":"Choe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epidemiol Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2019.04.007","article-title":"Association between deterioration in muscle strength and peripheral neuropathy in people with diabetes","volume":"33","author":"Oh","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Diabetes Complications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ24-0397","article-title":"Handgrip strength in patients with type 2 diabetes correlates with diabetic polyneuropathy. A single-center, retrospective observational study in Japanese patients","volume":"72","author":"Iwamoto","year":"2025","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13689","article-title":"Reference values of handgrip and lower extremity strength for Vietnamese men and women: The Vietnam Osteoporosis Study","volume":"16","author":"Do","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23106","article-title":"Sex differences in insulin sensitivity are related to muscle tissue acylcarnitine but not subcellular lipid distribution","volume":"29","author":"Broussard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.14200","article-title":"The impact of handgrip strength and waist circumference on glycemic control: Prospective, observational study using outpatient clinical data in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"15","author":"Nakanishi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Diabetes Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-017-0625-y","article-title":"Differences in handgrip strength protocols to identify sarcopenia and frailty---a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Sousa-Santos","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"}],"container-title":["Canadian Journal of Diabetes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1499267125004046?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1499267125004046?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T04:09:33Z","timestamp":1773634173000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1499267125004046"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1499267125004046"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1499-2671"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1499-2671","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Association Between Sex-specific Handgrip Strength and Plasma Glycated Hemoglobin Levels Among Older Adults: A Cross-sectional Study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Canadian Journal of Diabetes","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcjd.2025.12.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Crown Copyright \u00a9 2026 Published on behalf of Diabetes Canada.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}