{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T16:09:09Z","timestamp":1792598949003,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["canadianjournalofophthalmology.ca","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]],"date-time":"2020-09-10T16:43:11Z","timestamp":1599756191000},"page":"66-70","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Treatment of corticosteroid-resistant thyroid eye disease with subcutaneous tocilizumab"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Rona Z.","family":"Silkiss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael K.","family":"Paap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelsey A.","family":"Roelofs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Agi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ezekiel","family":"Weis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.2.1310","article-title":"IL-1 beta induces IL-6 expression in human orbital fibroblasts: identification of an anatomic-site specific phenotype attribute relevant to thyroid-associated orbitopathy","volume":"175","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2018.07.038","article-title":"Efficacy of tocilizumab in patients with moderate-to-severe corticosteroid-resistant Graves\u2019 orbitopathy: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"195","author":"Perez-Moreiras","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000000730","article-title":"Clinical response to tocilizumab in severe thyroid eye disease","volume":"33","author":"Sy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.2174\/1871530318666180702150243","article-title":"Successful treatment for severe thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy with tocilizumab","volume":"18","author":"Canas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0005","first-page":"448","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of tocilizumab in corticoid refractory Graves\u2019 orbitopathy","volume":"38","author":"Gomez-Rodriguez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Farm Hosp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-203523","volume":"73","author":"Burmester","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e64","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000001346","article-title":"Subcutaneous tocilizumab for thyroid eye disease: simplified dosing and delivery","volume":"35","author":"Copperman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0008","unstructured":"Food and Drug Administration. ACTEMRA (Tocilizumab) Injection: Highlights of Prescribing Information. August 2017. www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2017\/125276s114lbl.pdf. (accessed March 31, 2020)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-307399","article-title":"Pathogenesis of thyroid eye disease: review and update on molecular mechanisms","volume":"100","author":"Khong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0010","first-page":"146","article-title":"Tocilizumab as a steroid sparing agent for the treatment of Graves\u2019 orbitopathy","volume":"7","author":"Russell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Ophthal Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1614949","article-title":"Teprotumumab for thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy","volume":"376","author":"Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0b013e3181c4dfde","article-title":"Rituximab for thyroid eye disease","volume":"26","author":"Silkiss","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-3014","article-title":"Efficacy of B-cell targeted therapy with rituximab in patients with active moderate to severe Graves\u2019 orbitopathy: a randomized controlled study","volume":"100","author":"Salvi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.3109\/01658107.2015.1039140","article-title":"Rituximab in the treatment of thyroid eye disease: a review","volume":"39","author":"Ostrowski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0015","first-page":"163","article-title":"Common infusion-related reactions to subcutaneous immunoglobulin therapy: managing patient expectations","volume":"2","author":"Wasserman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Patient Prefer Adherence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0016","article-title":"New Data from Phase 3 Teprotumumab Trial (OPTIC) Shows Dramatic Reduction in Proptosis, or Eye Bulging, the Main Cause of Morbidity in Active Thyroid Eye Disease (TED)","year":"2019","journal-title":"Horizon Therapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0017","first-page":"923","article-title":"The optimal choice of medication administration route regarding intravenous, intramuscular, and subcutaneous injection","volume":"9","author":"Jin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Patient Prefer Adherence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0018","first-page":"461","article-title":"Subcutaneous administration of biotherapeutics: current experience in animal models","volume":"12","author":"McDonald","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Mol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0019","series-title":"Therapeutic Enzymes: Function and Clinical Implications","first-page":"255","article-title":"Clinical applications of hyaluronidase","author":"Weber","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq343","article-title":"Risk of adverse events including serious infections in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with tocilizumab: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"50","author":"Campbell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1186\/cc11304","article-title":"Clinical review: serious adverse events associated with the use of rituximab \u2013 a critical care perspective","volume":"16","author":"Kasi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0022","unstructured":"Rituxan (Rituximab) Side Effects Drug Center. Rxlist.com. www.rxlist.com\/rituxan-side-effects-drug-center.htm#overview. Published2018. (accessed April 13, 2020)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3762","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-1238","article-title":"Evidence of intrathyroidal B-lymphocyte depletion after rituximab therapy in a patient with Graves\u2019 disease","volume":"92","author":"El Fassi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"}],"container-title":["Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0008418220307067?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0008418220307067?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T20:10:05Z","timestamp":1757794205000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0008418220307067"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0008418220307067"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0008-4182"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0008-4182","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Treatment of corticosteroid-resistant thyroid eye disease with subcutaneous tocilizumab","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcjo.2020.07.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"simple-article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Canadian Ophthalmological Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}