{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T18:55:05Z","timestamp":1791140105535,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]],"date-time":"2025-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["canadianjournalofophthalmology.ca","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T07:30:15Z","timestamp":1744270215000},"page":"e730-e737","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Idiopathic granulomatous orbital inflammation: case series and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Sonia","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5154-3361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valerie","family":"Juniat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica Y.","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nigel","family":"Morlet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saul","family":"Rajak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roy Tan Da","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peerooz","family":"Saeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilse","family":"Mombaerts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinesh","family":"Selva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jctube.2017.02.001","article-title":"Histopathologic review of granulomatous inflammation","volume":"7","author":"Shah","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.36.7.723","article-title":"Granulomatous inflammation\u2014A review","volume":"36","author":"Williams","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(96)30378-3","article-title":"Idiopathic granulomatous orbital inflammation","volume":"103","author":"Mombaerts","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0004","first-page":"SII40","article-title":"Granuloma formation, implications for the pathogenesis of vasculitis","volume":"69","author":"Sneller","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cleve Clin J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0005","first-page":"847","article-title":"Idiopathic granulomatous orbital inflammation","volume":"26","author":"Liu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chang Gung Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2013-009761","article-title":"Resolution of idiopathic granulomatous orbital inflammation with intraorbital triamcinolone","volume":"2014","author":"McElnea","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2000.173","article-title":"Granulomatous orbital myositis","volume":"14","author":"Menon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1097\/00002341-199506000-00010","article-title":"Granulomatous idiopathic orbital inflammation","volume":"11","author":"Raskin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1076\/orbi.18.3.157.2702","article-title":"What has become of our idiopathic inflammatory pseudo-tumors of the orbit?","volume":"18","author":"Maalouf","year":"1999","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0010","first-page":"174","article-title":"Orbital lesions with granulomatous inflammation","volume":"26","author":"Satorre","year":"1991","journal-title":"Can J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6702383","article-title":"Orbital inflammatory disease: A diagnostic and therapeutic challenge","volume":"20","author":"Gordon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.5694\/mja17.00610","article-title":"Sarcoidosis: A state of the art review from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand","volume":"208","author":"Ahmadzai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2153","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra071714","article-title":"Sarcoidosis","volume":"357","author":"Iannuzzi","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0014","first-page":"149","article-title":"ATS\/ERS\/WASOG statement on sarcoidosis. American Thoracic Society\/European Respiratory Society\/World Association of Sarcoidosis and other Granulomatous Disorders","volume":"16","author":"Hunninghake","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2015.08.009","article-title":"Ocular sarcoidosis","volume":"36","author":"Pasadhika","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2010.12.011","article-title":"Orbital and adnexal involvement in sarcoidosis: analysis of clinical features and systemic disease in 30 cases","volume":"151","author":"Demirci","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.07.019","article-title":"Diverse clinical presentations of orbital sarcoid","volume":"144","author":"Mavrikakis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.125.12.1657","article-title":"Orbital and adnexal sarcoidosis","volume":"125","author":"Prabhakaran","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-020-0874-4","article-title":"Sarcoid-like granulomatous orbitopathy-presentation, systemic involvement and clinical outcome","volume":"35","author":"Vahdani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000001462","article-title":"Sarcoid orbital myopathy: Clinical presentation and outcomes","volume":"36","author":"Vahdani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2017.224","article-title":"The 2017 Doyne Lecture: The orbit as a window to systemic disease","volume":"32","author":"McNab","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e54","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000002096","article-title":"Chronic granulomatous dacryoadenitis associated with pleomorphic adenoma","volume":"38","author":"Vahdani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(86)90002-4","article-title":"Involvement of orbital tissues by sarcoid","volume":"102","author":"Collison","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(78)90184-8","article-title":"Sarcoidosis and its ophthalmic manifestations","volume":"86","author":"Obenauf","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2136","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.50395_10.x","article-title":"Suppurative granulomatous myositis of an extra-ocular muscle in Crohn's disease","volume":"100","author":"Leibovitch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023_bib0026","first-page":"1296","article-title":"Lacrimal gland tumors in Turkey: types, frequency, and outcomes","volume":"11","author":"Yesiltas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0008418225001103?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0008418225001103?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T21:21:08Z","timestamp":1759612868000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0008418225001103"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0008418225001103"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023","relation":{},"ISSN":["0008-4182"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0008-4182","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Idiopathic granulomatous orbital inflammation: case series and literature review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcjo.2025.02.023","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Canadian Ophthalmological Society.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}