{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T05:15:04Z","timestamp":1788585304897,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["canadianjournalofophthalmology.ca","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T16:24:29Z","timestamp":1779899069000},"page":"1160-1167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Obstructive sleep apnea and idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2923-2835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abu Bakar","family":"Butt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7757-2141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Afreen","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhadra","family":"Pandya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7720-4181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chi-Wei","family":"Tien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7069-3162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brendan K.","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anuj","family":"Rastogi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahul A.","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2010.03.003","article-title":"Idiopathic intracranial hypertension","volume":"28","author":"Wall","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/IIO.0b013e3182aabf11","article-title":"Epidemiology and risk factors for idiopathic intracranial hypertension","volume":"54","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182a55f17","article-title":"Revised diagnostic criteria for the pseudotumor cerebri syndrome in adults and children","volume":"81","author":"Friedman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1007\/s40123-020-00296-0","article-title":"Reviewing the recent developments in idiopathic intracranial hypertension","volume":"9","author":"Virdee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S60633","article-title":"Idiopathic intracranial hypertension: ongoing clinical challenges and future prospects","volume":"9","author":"Panikkath","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0030-2019","article-title":"Sex differences in obstructive sleep apnoea","volume":"28","author":"Bonsignore","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.7326\/M12-3187","article-title":"Diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea in adults: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians","volume":"161","author":"Qaseem","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.125.325676","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea and cardiometabolic disease: obesity, hypertension, and diabetes","volume":"137","author":"Tasali","year":"2025","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2021.0659","article-title":"Effectiveness of bariatric surgery vs community weight management intervention for the treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"78","author":"Mollan","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c2701","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c2701","article-title":"Low energy diet and intracranial pressure in women with idiopathic intracranial hypertension: prospective cohort study","volume":"341","author":"Sinclair","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-012-0862-2","article-title":"The impact of bariatric surgery on obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Sarkhosh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/IIO.0b013e3182aabf11","article-title":"Epidemiology and risk factors for idiopathic intracranial hypertension","volume":"54","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-021-10700-9","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnoea in women with idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a sub-study of the idiopathic intracranial hypertension weight randomised controlled trial (IIH: WT)","volume":"269","author":"Yiangou","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0000000000001734","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea in men with idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a prospective case\u2013control study","volume":"43","author":"Kabanovski","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-013-6858-6","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: comparison with matched population data","volume":"260","author":"Thurtell","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00298-7","article-title":"Understanding idiopathic intracranial hypertension: mechanisms, management, and future directions","volume":"15","author":"Markey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2014.10.011","article-title":"Intracranial hypertension associated with obstructive sleep apnea: a discussion of potential etiologic factors","volume":"83","author":"Wardly","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med Hypoth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mpaic.2008.03.009","article-title":"Cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure","volume":"9","author":"Shardlow","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i4919","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i4919","article-title":"ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions","volume":"355","author":"Sterne","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","article-title":"RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347.AD","article-title":"GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations","volume":"336","author":"Guyatt","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.178","article-title":"Arcsine-based transformations for meta-analysis of proportions: pros and alternatives","volume":"3","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Health Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0023","unstructured":"Higgins J, Thomas J, Chandler J. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of intervention. London: Cochrane. www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0b013e31821a4d54","article-title":"The Berlin Questionnaire screens for obstructive sleep apnea in idiopathic intracranial hypertension","volume":"31","author":"Thurtell","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2024.01.013","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea in those with idiopathic intracranial hypertension undergoing diagnostic in-laboratory polysomnography","volume":"114","author":"Youssef","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"fcab202","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcab202","article-title":"Cognitive performance in idiopathic intracranial hypertension and relevance of intracranial pressure","volume":"3","author":"Grech","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1097\/00041327-200106000-00014","article-title":"Sleep disorders: a risk factor for pseudotumor cerebri?","volume":"21","author":"Marcus","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2021.119284","article-title":"Evaluation of prevalence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea using overnight-polysomnography in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension","volume":"429","author":"Sharma","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(01)00987-3","article-title":"Sleep apnea and intracranial hypertension in men","volume":"109","author":"Lee","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2009.11.001","article-title":"Risk factors for idiopathic intracranial hypertension in men: a case\u2013control study","volume":"290","author":"Fraser","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.18678\/dtfd.1458219","article-title":"The relationship between idiopathic intracranial hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea: is obesity the only mediating factor between the two?","volume":"26","author":"Deveci","year":"2024","journal-title":"D\u00fczce T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Derg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-021-10700-9","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnoea in women with idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a sub-study of the idiopathic intracranial hypertension weight randomised controlled trial (IIH: WT)","volume":"269","author":"Yiangou","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0000000000001734","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea in men with idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a prospective case\u2013control study","volume":"43","author":"Kabanovski","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-013-6858-6","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: comparison with matched population data","volume":"260","author":"Thurtell","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/01658107.2024.2371158","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Karam","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neuroophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000002028","article-title":"Why questionnaire scores are not measures: a question-raising article","volume":"102","author":"Tesio","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2017.05.005","article-title":"The relationship between social desirability bias and self-reports of health, substance use, and social network factors among urban substance users in Baltimore, Maryland","volume":"73","author":"Latkin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2808","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-025-03963-3","article-title":"Antibiotic exposure and drug-induced intracranial hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"39","author":"Tao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2017.04.001","article-title":"Validity of the Berlin questionnaire in detecting obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"36","author":"Senaratna","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.6496","article-title":"Using the Berlin Questionnaire to predict obstructive sleep apnea in the general population","volume":"13","author":"Tan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0217058","article-title":"Identifying the risk of obstructive sleep apnea in metabolic syndrome patients: diagnostic accuracy of the Berlin Questionnaire","volume":"14","author":"Cepeda","year":"2019","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.3514","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of obstructive sleep apnea: a review","volume":"323","author":"Gottlieb","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1816152","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea in adults","volume":"380","author":"Veasey","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-019-1009-y","article-title":"Use of Berlin questionnaire in comparison to polysomnography and home sleep study in patients with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"20","author":"Ng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.95.2.279","article-title":"Intracranial pressure and obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"95","author":"Jennum","year":"1989","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2014.10.011","article-title":"Intracranial hypertension associated with obstructive sleep apnea: a discussion of potential etiologic factors","volume":"83","author":"Wardly","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00298-7","article-title":"Understanding idiopathic intracranial hypertension: mechanisms, management, and future directions","volume":"15","author":"Markey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.4.1051","article-title":"Cerebral hemodynamic changes in sleep apnea syndrome and effect of continuous positive airway pressure treatment","volume":"51","author":"Diomedi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2012.07.011","article-title":"Cerebral hemodynamic changes at basilar artery in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome after continuous positive airway pressure treatment","volume":"22","author":"Jim\u00e9nez Caballero","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200609-1271OC","article-title":"Effects of continuous positive airway pressure on cerebral vascular response to hypoxia in patients with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"175","author":"Foster","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0000000000001734","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea in men with idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a prospective case-control study","volume":"43","author":"Kabanovski","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neuro-Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0000000000000861","article-title":"Self-reported weight and height among idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients","volume":"40","author":"Parish","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2404929","article-title":"Idiopathic intracranial hypertension","volume":"393","author":"Horton","year":"2025","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-021-10700-9","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnoea in women with idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a sub-study of the idiopathic intracranial hypertension weight randomised controlled trial (IIH: WT)","volume":"269","author":"Yiangou","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2021.0659","article-title":"Effectiveness of bariatric surgery vs community weight management intervention for the treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"78","author":"Mollan","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"}],"container-title":["Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0008418226001596?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0008418226001596?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T04:27:01Z","timestamp":1788582421000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0008418226001596"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0008418226001596"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["0008-4182"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0008-4182","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Obstructive sleep apnea and idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcjo.2026.04.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Canadian Ophthalmological Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}