{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T09:07:39Z","timestamp":1784797659340,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"National University of Health Sciences","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journalchiromed.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Chiropractic Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,12]],"date-time":"2021-05-12T19:00:51Z","timestamp":1620846051000},"page":"37-42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Supernumerary Head of the Biceps Brachii Muscle: An Anatomic Variant With Clinical Implications"],"prefix":"10.67400","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6213-6024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dennis","family":"Enix","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Scali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kasey","family":"Sudkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robbyn","family":"Keating","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"57152","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.20100","article-title":"Three-headed biceps brachii muscle associated with duplicated musculocutaneous nerve","volume":"18","author":"Abu-Hijleh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.5115\/acb.2012.45.2.136","article-title":"Four-headed biceps brachii, three-headed coracobrachialis muscles associated with arterial and nervous anomalies in the upper limb","volume":"45","author":"Catli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anat Cell Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W248","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.08.1048","article-title":"Terminal bifurcation of the biceps brachii muscle and tendon: anatomic considerations and clinical implications","volume":"191","author":"Dirim","year":"2008","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0004","first-page":"101","article-title":"High incidence of the third head of biceps brachii in South African populations","volume":"182","author":"Asvat","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.5115\/acb.2011.44.3.238","article-title":"Bilateral asymmetric supernumerary heads of biceps brachii","volume":"44","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anat Cell Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W80","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.09.3158","article-title":"Accessory head of biceps brachii muscle: anatomy, histology, and MRI in cadavers","volume":"194","author":"Gheno","year":"2010","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0007","first-page":"119","article-title":"Chronic brachial plexopathies and upper extremity proprioception and strength","volume":"31","author":"Swanik","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0008","first-page":"129","article-title":"Multiple arterial, neural and muscular variations in upper limb of a single cadaver","volume":"50","author":"Vollala","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rom J Morphol Embryol"},{"issue":"301","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.morpho.2009.07.002","article-title":"A new variant in the brachium musculature with reinforced innervation from a median-musculocutaneous nerve communication","volume":"93","author":"Mehta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Morphologie"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-010-0771-9","article-title":"Absence of the musculocutaneous nerve associated with a supernumerary head of biceps brachii: a case report","volume":"33","author":"Pacholczak","year":"2011","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.39.9.890","article-title":"Motor and sensory conduction in the musculocutaneous nerve","volume":"39","author":"Trojaborg","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5-6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-003-0146-6","article-title":"A rare case of a four-headed biceps brachii muscle with a double piercing by the musculocutaneous nerve","volume":"25","author":"Vazquez","year":"2003","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.21173","article-title":"A unique variation in the course of the musculocutaneous nerve","volume":"24","author":"Scali","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2744","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-009-0962-z","article-title":"Case reports: unusual cause of shoulder pain in a collegiate baseball player","volume":"467","author":"Ligh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0015","first-page":"713","article-title":"The lacertus fibrosus of the biceps brachii muscle: an anatomical study","volume":"36","author":"Snoeck","year":"2014","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-0033(99)00042-X","article-title":"Upper limb tension tests as tools in the diagnosis of nerve and plexus lesions: anatomical and biomechanical aspects","volume":"15","author":"Kleinrensink","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-6042.63209","article-title":"The anatomy of the short head of biceps\u2014not a tendon","volume":"3","author":"Crichton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Shoulder Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0018","first-page":"76","article-title":"An anatomical insight into the third head of biceps brachii muscle","volume":"109","author":"Kumar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bratisl Lek Listy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0019","first-page":"551","article-title":"An anatomical and clinical insight on brachialis with emphasis on portal's muscle","volume":"51","author":"Vadgaonkar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rom J Morphol Embryol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0020","first-page":"929","article-title":"Third head of biceps brachii in an Indian population","volume":"48","author":"Rai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Singapore Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0021","first-page":"342","article-title":"Multiple musculovascular anomalies in the superior extremities of a cadaver: a case report","volume":"7","author":"Singla","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0022","first-page":"411","article-title":"Multiple muscular anomalies of upper extremity: a cadaveric study","volume":"49","author":"Nayak","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rom J Morphol Embryol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2353(1998)11:3<209::AID-CA10>3.0.CO;2-N","article-title":"Bilateral four-headed biceps brachii muscles: the median nerve and brachial artery passing through a tunnel formed by a muscle slip from the accessory head","volume":"11","author":"Nakatani","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.10060","article-title":"Supernumerary humeral heads of the biceps brachii muscle revisited","volume":"16","author":"Rodriguez-Niedenfuhr","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22028","article-title":"Unusual formation of the median nerve associated with the third head of biceps brachii","volume":"25","author":"Ongeti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.4067\/S0716-98682002000200014","article-title":"The anatomic characteristics of the third head of the biceps brachii muscle in Columbian population","volume":"20","author":"Rincon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rev Chil Anat"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0027","first-page":"301","article-title":"On the incidence of third head of biceps brachii in Turkish neonates and adults","volume":"74","author":"Kopuz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Kaibogaku Zasshi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0028","series-title":"Compendium of human anatomic variation","first-page":"139","author":"Bergman","year":"1988"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01794898","article-title":"Supernumerary head of biceps brachii and branching pattern of the musculocutaneous nerve in Japanese","volume":"14","author":"Kosugi","year":"1992","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0030","first-page":"79","article-title":"Anomalies of the biceps muscle of the arm","volume":"158","author":"Khaledpour","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ant Anz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0940-9602(98)80137-4","article-title":"On the incidence of the biceps brachii third head in Brazilian whites and blacks","volume":"180","author":"Neto","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Anat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0032","first-page":"30","article-title":"Concurrent variations of median nerve, musculocutaneous nerve and biceps brachii muscle","volume":"5","author":"Nayak","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroanatomy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0033","first-page":"18","article-title":"An Anatomical insight on the supernumerary head of biceps brachii and its clinical relevance\u2014cadaveric study","volume":"5","author":"Bagoji","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Adv Sci Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.4067\/S0717-95022011000100037","article-title":"Incidence of humeral head of biceps brachii muscle. Anatomical insight","volume":"29","author":"Ilayperuma","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Morphol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.20608","article-title":"Accessory muscles in the lower part of the anterior compartment of the arm that may entrap neurovascular elements","volume":"21","author":"Paraskevas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0036","first-page":"96","article-title":"Study of the supernumerary heads of biceps brachii muscle in Nepalese","volume":"11","author":"Poudal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nepal Med Coll J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchb.2016.09.004","article-title":"Supernumerary heads to biceps brachii muscle and Asian population history","volume":"67","author":"Techataweewan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Homo"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.5603\/FM.2013.0058","article-title":"Morphology and clinical implication of the extra-head of biceps brachii muscle","volume":"72","author":"Nasr","year":"2013","journal-title":"Folia Morphol"},{"issue":"NN","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0039","first-page":"158","article-title":"Inferolateral supernumerary head of biceps brachii\u2014bilateral variation","volume":"6","author":"Arulmoli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Anat Var"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.21276\/aanat.2019.5.2.20","article-title":"Revisited anatomy of additional heads of biceps brachii muscle and coexisting musculocutaneous nerve variants","volume":"5","author":"Verma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acad Anat Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee SH, Jeon JY, Yoon SP. A combined variation of the musculocutaneous nerve associated with a supernumerary head of the biceps brachii muscle. Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2014;73(3):366-369.","DOI":"10.5603\/FM.2014.0054"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2353(1996)9:3<160::AID-CA4>3.0.CO;2-K","article-title":"An unusual origin for the accessory head of biceps brachii muscle","volume":"9","author":"Sargon","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0043","series-title":"Practical Joint Assessment","author":"Hartley","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001_bib0044","series-title":"Gray's Anatomy","first-page":"853","article-title":"Pectoral girdle and upper limb","author":"Johnson","year":"2005"}],"container-title":["Journal of Chiropractic Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1556370721000067?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1556370721000067?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T08:50:29Z","timestamp":1784796629000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jcm.kglmeridian.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1556370721000067"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-3707"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-3707","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Supernumerary Head of the Biceps Brachii Muscle: An Anatomic Variant With Clinical Implications","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Chiropractic Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.02.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 by National University of Health Sciences.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}