{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T14:01:45Z","timestamp":1793109705342,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]],"date-time":"2020-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002714","name":"Albert-Ludwigs-Universit\u00e4t Freiburg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002714","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","cmghjournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,15]],"date-time":"2020-07-15T03:50:26Z","timestamp":1594785026000},"page":"1-12","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Ustekinumab Inhibits T Follicular Helper Cell Differentiation in Patients With Crohn\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5236-7459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna-Maria","family":"Globig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1173-2034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikola Patricia","family":"Sommer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Wild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josefine","family":"Schardey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Zoldan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7964-4284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne Kerstin","family":"Thomann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7604-6959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas-Alexander","family":"Schulte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rupert","family":"Schreiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Reindl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jochen","family":"Klaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph Mathis","family":"Schempp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maike","family":"Hofmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Thimme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1195-055X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tobias","family":"Boettler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1107-6516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Hasselblatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3661","article-title":"Cytokines in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"14","author":"Neurath","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.02.016","article-title":"Proinflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"140","author":"Strober","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2008.163667","article-title":"Crohn\u2019s disease: Th1, Th17 or both? The change of a paradigm: new immunological and genetic insights implicate Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"58","author":"Brand","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2321","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000210","article-title":"Comprehensive intestinal T helper cell profiling reveals specific accumulation of IFN-gamma+IL-17+coproducing CD4+ T cells in active inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"20","author":"Globig","year":"2014","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20081712","article-title":"Circulating and gut-resident human Th17 cells express CD161 and promote intestinal inflammation","volume":"206","author":"Kleinschek","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-301668","article-title":"Secukinumab, a human anti-IL-17A monoclonal antibody, for moderate to severe Crohn\u2019s disease: unexpected results of a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial","volume":"61","author":"Hueber","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1602773","article-title":"Ustekinumab as induction and maintenance therapy for Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"375","author":"Feagan","year":"2016","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2947","article-title":"The cytokine TGF-beta co-opts signaling via STAT3-STAT4 to promote the differentiation of human TFH cells","volume":"15","author":"Schmitt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-031210-101400","article-title":"Follicular helper CD4 T cells (TFH)","volume":"29","author":"Crotty","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.10.004","article-title":"T\u00a0follicular helper cell differentiation, function, and roles in disease","volume":"41","author":"Crotty","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1877","article-title":"PD-1 regulates germinal center B cell survival and the formation and affinity of long-lived plasma cells","volume":"11","author":"Good-Jacobson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-020711-075032","article-title":"Germinal centers","volume":"30","author":"Victora","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.193.12.1373","article-title":"Subspecialization of CXCR5+ T cells: B helper activity is focused in a germinal center-localized subset of CXCR5+ T cells","volume":"193","author":"Kim","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.11.1545","article-title":"Follicular B helper T cells express CXC chemokine receptor 5, localize to B cell follicles, and support immunoglobulin production","volume":"192","author":"Breitfeld","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1892","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200636136","article-title":"Follicular B helper T cell activity is confined to CXCR5(hi)ICOS(hi) CD4 T cells and is independent of CD57 expression","volume":"36","author":"Rasheed","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-030409-101243","article-title":"Control of immunity by the TNFR-related molecule OX40 (CD134)","volume":"28","author":"Croft","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiy360","article-title":"Activation of peripheral T follicular helper cells during acute dengue virus infection","volume":"218","author":"Haltaufderhyde","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(04)01878-4","article-title":"Development and validation of a new, simplified endoscopic activity score for Crohn\u2019s disease: the SES-CD","volume":"60","author":"Daperno","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1756284818785571","article-title":"Fecal calprotectin for detection of postoperative endoscopic recurrence in Crohn\u2019s disease: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Tham","year":"2018","journal-title":"Therap Adv Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2470","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02470","article-title":"Molecular control of follicular helper T cell development and differentiation","volume":"9","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3494","article-title":"Activin A programs the differentiation of human TFH cells","volume":"17","author":"Locci","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1700418","article-title":"IL-23 limits the production of IL-2 and promotes autoimmunity in lupus","volume":"199","author":"Dai","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2017.03.032","article-title":"Association between ustekinumab trough concentrations and clinical, biomarker, and endoscopic outcomes in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"15","author":"Battat","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2702","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1520112113","article-title":"CXCL13 is a plasma biomarker of germinal center activity","volume":"113","author":"Havenar-Daughton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-019-0415-0","article-title":"Targeting immune cell circuits and trafficking in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"20","author":"Neurath","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.13027","article-title":"Increased circulating follicular helper T cells and activated B cells correlate with disease severity in patients with psoriasis","volume":"29","author":"Niu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.12.012","article-title":"Human blood CXCR5(+)CD4(+) T cells are counterparts of T follicular cells and contain specific subsets that differentially support antibody secretion","volume":"34","author":"Morita","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1226","article-title":"Follicular T helper cell signatures in primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"2","author":"Adam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatol Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-019-0254-2","article-title":"T\u00a0follicular helper cells and T follicular regulatory cells in rheumatic diseases","volume":"15","author":"Deng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01630","article-title":"Potential pathways associated with exaggerated T follicular helper response in human autoimmune diseases","volume":"9","author":"Horiuchi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2933","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20171258","article-title":"The shifted balance between circulating follicular regulatory T cells and follicular helper T cells in patients with ulcerative colitis","volume":"131","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2014.2824","article-title":"Interleukin21 promotes the development of ulcerative colitis and regulates the proliferation and secretion of follicular T helper cells in the colitides microenvironment","volume":"11","author":"Yu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00104","article-title":"The imbalance of circulating follicular helper t cells and follicular regulatory T cells is associated with disease activity in patients with ulcerative colitis","volume":"11","author":"Long","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3271","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI64314","article-title":"Expansion of HIV-specific T follicular helper cells in chronic HIV infection","volume":"122","author":"Lindqvist","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6286","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1818164116","article-title":"Transcriptional factor ATF3 protects against colitis by regulating follicular helper T cells in Peyer\u2019s patches","volume":"116","author":"Cao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3375","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-08-448902","article-title":"IL-12 receptor beta1 deficiency alters in\u00a0vivo T follicular helper cell response in humans","volume":"121","author":"Schmitt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20130592","article-title":"Inherited human OX40 deficiency underlying classic Kaposi sarcoma of childhood","volume":"210","author":"Byun","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12793","article-title":"Here, there and everywhere: T follicular helper cells on the move","volume":"152","author":"Ma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib39","first-page":"1122","article-title":"Immune response to pneumococcus and tetanus toxoid in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis following long-term ustekinumab use","volume":"12","author":"Brodmerkel","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Drugs Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(80)92767-1","article-title":"A\u00a0simple index of Crohn\u2019s-disease activity","volume":"1","author":"Harvey","year":"1980","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjz090","article-title":"Vitamin D inhibits pro-inflammatory T cell function in patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"13","author":"Schardey","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005_bib42","first-page":"439","article-title":"Ustekinumab serum concentrations are associated with clinical outcomes in Crohn\u2019s disease - a regional multi-center pilot study","volume":"58","author":"Thomann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Z\u00a0Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352345X20301119?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352345X20301119?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T18:25:35Z","timestamp":1762453535000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2352345X20301119"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"alternative-id":["S2352345X20301119"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["2352-345X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2352-345X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ustekinumab Inhibits T Follicular Helper Cell Differentiation in Patients With Crohn\u2019s Disease","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.07.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the AGA Institute.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}