{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:39:23Z","timestamp":1787791163259,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]],"date-time":"2018-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525132800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]],"date-time":"2018-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525132800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]],"date-time":"2018-03-01T14:32:05Z","timestamp":1519914725000},"page":"773-778","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["A study on etiopathogenesis and clinical features of multi-headed (bifid and trifid) mandibular condyles and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Orhan","family":"G\u00fcven","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2011.03.072","article-title":"Nontraumatic bilateral bifid condyle and intermittent joint lock: a case report and literature review","volume":"69","author":"Alma\u015fan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2003.09.003","article-title":"Bilateral bifid mandibular condyle","volume":"97","author":"Antoniades","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1067\/moe.2003.93","article-title":"Trifid mandibular condyle: a case report","volume":"95","author":"Artvinli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330150108","article-title":"The double-headed mandibular condyle","volume":"15","author":"Blackwood","year":"1957","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1179\/crn.2005.042","article-title":"Trifid mandibular condyle: a case report","volume":"23","author":"\u00c7a\u011f\u0131rankaya","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cranio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/S0901-5027(89)80009-8","article-title":"15 Years follow-up on condylar fractures","volume":"18","author":"Dahlstr\u00f6m","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchb.2008.02.001","article-title":"The false and the true bifid condyles","volume":"59","author":"Dennison","year":"2008","journal-title":"Homo"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib8","first-page":"158","article-title":"Bifid mandibular condyle: case report and etiological considerations","volume":"70","author":"de Sales","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Can Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib9","first-page":"363","article-title":"Spontaneous bone regeneration of the mandible in an elderly patient: a case report an review of the literature","volume":"6","author":"deVilla","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chang Gung Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib10","series-title":"Essentials of facial growth","first-page":"65","author":"Enlow","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.22.4.8181652","article-title":"Facial trauma confusing the diagnosis of a bifid condyle","volume":"22","author":"Fields","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(84)90152-X","article-title":"Bifid mandibular condyle","volume":"57","author":"Forman","year":"1984","journal-title":"Oral Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-009-0724-8","article-title":"Bifid mandibular condyle with temporomandibular joint ankylosis: report of two cases and review of the literature","volume":"38","author":"Gulati","year":"2009","journal-title":"Skelet Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(87)90098-3","article-title":"The double headed mandibular condyle","volume":"642","author":"Gundlach","year":"1987","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1054\/jcms.2001.0228","article-title":"Remodeling following condylar fractures in children","volume":"29","author":"G\u00fcven","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.4414\/smw.2003.10179","article-title":"Remodelling in young sheep: a histological study of experimentally produced defects in TMJ","volume":"133","author":"G\u00fcven","year":"2003","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181577b1b","article-title":"A\u00a0clinical study on temporomandibular joint ankylosis in childen","volume":"19","author":"G\u00fcven","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9060174","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9060174","article-title":"Formation of condyle-like structure after treatment of temporomandibular joint ankylosis: literature review and long-term follow-up of two patients","volume":"2017","author":"G\u00fcven","year":"2017","journal-title":"Case Rep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330280104","article-title":"Lower jaw: double condyles","volume":"28","author":"Hrdlicka","year":"1941","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib20","first-page":"275","article-title":"Prospective study of mandibular fractures","volume":"39","author":"James","year":"1981","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e31827c83cd","article-title":"Posttraumatic bifid and trifid mandibular condyle with bilateral temporomandibular joint ankylosis","volume":"24","author":"Jha","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib22","first-page":"151","article-title":"Spontaneous regeneration of mandible after hemimandibulectomy: report of case","volume":"8","author":"Khodayari","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dent (Tehran)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib23","first-page":"116","article-title":"Mandibular fractures in children and their management","volume":"29","author":"Khosla","year":"1971","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.22541","article-title":"Studying mechanisms of regeneration in amphibian and reptilian vertebrate models","volume":"295","author":"Kusumi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anat Rec (Hoboken)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-9657.2011.01035.x","article-title":"Post-traumatic bifid condyle","volume":"27","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dent Traumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(90)90263-R","article-title":"Bifid mandibular condyle","volume":"69","author":"Loh","year":"1990","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1179\/crn.2010.019","article-title":"Bifid condyle: review of the literature of the last 10 years and report of two cases","volume":"28","author":"Lopez-Lopez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cranio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(89)90237-5","article-title":"Bilateral bifid mandibular condyles","volume":"68","author":"McCormick","year":"1989","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr\/72314113","article-title":"The prevalence of bifid mandibular condyle detected in Brazilian population","volume":"37","author":"Menezes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr\/38196548","article-title":"The frequency of bifid mandibular condyle in a Turkish patient population","volume":"39","author":"Miloglu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2012.06.016","article-title":"Congenital Frey's syndrome associated with nontraumatic bilateral trifid mandibular condyle","volume":"42","author":"Motta-Junior","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2391(98)90753-4","article-title":"Surgical management of temporomandibular joint ankylosis type III by retaining the displaced condyle and disc","volume":"56","author":"Nitzan","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib33","first-page":"425","article-title":"Unilateral bifid mandibular condyle","volume":"40","author":"Phillips","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gen Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(72)90361-1","article-title":"The late effects of mandibular condylectomy","volume":"33","author":"Poswillo","year":"1972","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V33N4p59S","article-title":"Spontaneous bone regeneration after mandible resection in a case of ameloblastoma\u2013a case report","volume":"33","author":"Pramono","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singapore"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-029X.174625","article-title":"Bilateral condylar anomaly: a case report and review","volume":"19","author":"Prasanna","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Maxillofac Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr\/12945701","article-title":"Bifid mandibular condyle with associated temporomandibular joint ankylosis: a computed tomography study of the patterns and morphological variations","volume":"38","author":"Rehman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.ejo.a035978","article-title":"Long-term results after childhood condylar fractures. A computed tomographic study","volume":"11","author":"Sahm","year":"1989","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib39","first-page":"433","article-title":"Prevalance of bifid mandibular condyle in Turkish population","volume":"53","author":"Sahman","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib40","first-page":"237","article-title":"Tetrafid mandibular condyle: a unique case report and review of the literature","volume":"42","author":"Sahman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dentofacl Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198601000-00006","article-title":"Bony ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint: follow up of 70 patients treated with arthroplasty and acrylic spacer interposition","volume":"77","author":"Sawhney","year":"1986","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib42","first-page":"1095","article-title":"The temporomandibular joint: a consideration of its probable functional and dysfunctional sequelae and report: condyle-double head in a young person","volume":"70","author":"Sciher","year":"1948","journal-title":"Dent Items Interest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1038\/sj\/dmfr\/4600343","article-title":"Bilateral bifid mandibular condyles. Report of four cases","volume":"27","author":"Stefanou","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol 1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-2391(90)90477-J","article-title":"The problem of the bifid mandibular condyle","volume":"48","author":"Szentpetery","year":"1990","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr\/15030240","article-title":"Bilateral bifid mandibular condyles diagnosed with three-dimensional reconstruction","volume":"41","author":"Tanner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.51.3.551","article-title":"Pediatric fractures of jaw and facial bones","volume":"51","author":"Waite","year":"1973","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1179\/crn.2011.011","article-title":"Unilateral trifid mandibular condyle: a case report","volume":"29","author":"Warhekar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cranio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.5624\/isd.2016.46.3.217","article-title":"Post-traumatic bifid mandibular condyle: a case report and literature review","volume":"46","author":"Woo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Imag Sci Dent"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1010518218300532?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1010518218300532?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T14:38:57Z","timestamp":1760884737000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1010518218300532"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1010518218300532"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["1010-5182"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1010-5182","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A study on etiopathogenesis and clinical features of multi-headed (bifid and trifid) mandibular condyles and review of the literature","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.02.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}