{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T00:45:42Z","timestamp":1760921142462,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010748","name":"Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010748","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,9]],"date-time":"2021-01-09T06:44:22Z","timestamp":1610174662000},"page":"329-335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Maxillofacial surgeons in the Third Reich and their connection to National Socialism"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Lisa Angelika","family":"Bitterich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib1","first-page":"394","article-title":"Zahn\u00e4rzte, die j\u00fcdische Assistenten boykottieren, Im Deutschen Reich","volume":"15","author":"Anonymous","year":"1909","journal-title":"Z\u00a0des Centralvereins Deutscher Staatsb\u00fcrger j\u00fcdischen Glaubens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib2","first-page":"513","article-title":"Tagung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft f\u00fcr Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferchirurgie am 14. und 15. Mai 1938 im Zahn\u00e4rztlichen Universit\u00e4tsinstitut Berlin","volume":"5","author":"Axhausen","year":"1938","journal-title":"Dtsch Zahn-, Mund- Kieferheilkd"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib3","unstructured":"BArch 1: BArch R 9361-I to BArch R 9361-IX (Bundesarchiv Berlin, NSDAP membership files)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib4","unstructured":"BArch 2: BArch R 9361-IX\/20760029 (Bundesarchiv Berlin)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib5","unstructured":"BArch 3: BArch R 9361-II\/143383 (Bundesarchiv Berlin)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.25162\/sar-2020-0004","article-title":"The signatories of the \u201cEinheitsfront der Zahn\u00e4rzte\u201d (United front of dentists) during the third Reich and after 1945. An in-depth study","volume":"104","author":"Bitterich","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sudhoffs Archiv"},{"year":"2008","series-title":"Rudolf Klapp: Marburger Chirurg und Orthop\u00e4de im Dritten Reich","author":"Blau","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib7"},{"year":"2007","series-title":"Die Professoren der Universit\u00e4t Rostock im Dritten Reich: Ein biographisches Lexikon","author":"Buddrus","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib8"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib9","series-title":"Heilkunst in unheilvoller Zeit. Beitr\u00e4ge zur Geschichte der Medizin im Nationalsozialismus","first-page":"119","article-title":"Karrieren in der Provinz; Zur sozialen und politischen Orientierung der Professoren der Medizinischen Fakult\u00e4t Gie\u00dfen 1918-1945","author":"Chroust","year":"1993"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib10","article-title":"Gemeinsame Stellungnahme der Herausgeberschaft und der DGZMK","volume":"5\/1","author":"DGZMK","year":"2012","journal-title":"MKG-Chirurg"},{"year":"1979","series-title":"Franz Ernst, seine Bedeutung f\u00fcr die Kieferchirurgie. Thesis submitted to the University of Berlin, for PhD degree","author":"Doege","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib11"},{"year":"1991","series-title":"Hitlers W\u00e4hler. M\u00fcnchen: C.H","author":"Falter","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib13"},{"year":"2016","series-title":"Junge K\u00e4mpfer, alte Opportunisten: Die Mitglieder der NSDAP 1919-1945","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib14"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0503(85)80013-8","article-title":"On the occasion of the centenary of the birth of Wolfgang Rosenthal","volume":"13","author":"Gabka","year":"1985","journal-title":"J\u00a0Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib17","first-page":"651","article-title":"Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumenspaltentr\u00e4ger und Blutsverwandtschaft, geographische Verteilung und berufsst\u00e4ndische Zugeh\u00f6rigkeit","volume":"8","author":"Gerke","year":"1938","journal-title":"Ziel Weg"},{"year":"1943","series-title":"\u00dcber die Vergesellschaftung der Spaltbildungen des Gesichts und der Kiefer mit anderen Missbildungen und erblichen Erkrankungen","author":"Gerke","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib18"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib19","first-page":"46","article-title":"Georg Axhausen \u2013 Erstbeschreiber der \u201caseptischen Knochennekrose\u201c","volume":"108\/5","author":"Gross","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zahn\u00e4rztl Mitt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib20","first-page":"50","article-title":"Wolfgang Rosenthal \u2013 der Prominenteste aller Kieferchirurgen","volume":"108\/10","author":"Gross","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zahn\u00e4rztl Mitt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib21","first-page":"164","article-title":"Zahn\u00e4rzte als T\u00e4ter. Zwischenergebnisse zur Rolle der Zahn\u00e4rzte im \u201cDritten Reich\u201c","volume":"73","author":"Gross","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dtsch Zahnaerztl Z"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib22","first-page":"92","article-title":"Hermann Euler \u2013 der enttarnte DGZMK-Pr\u00e4sident","volume":"108\/12","author":"Gross","year":"2018","journal-title":"ZM"},{"year":"2019","series-title":"Die Geschichte des Zahnarztberufs in Deutschland","author":"Gross","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib23"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib25","first-page":"95","article-title":"Karl H\u00e4upl (1893-1960). His life and works with special consideration of his role in the Third Reich","volume":"2","author":"Gross","year":"2020","journal-title":"DZZ Int"},{"year":"2020","series-title":"Fritz Faber (1887-1961). Zwischen Universit\u00e4t und Waffen-SS. Zahn\u00e4rztl Mitt 110\/5: 72\u201374","author":"Gross","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib26"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib27","first-page":"131","article-title":"A\u00a0complex case: Ewald Harndt (1901-1996) and his relationship to National Socialism","volume":"2","author":"Gross","year":"2020","journal-title":"DZZ Int"},{"year":"2021","series-title":"Lexikon der Zahn\u00e4rzte und Kieferchirurgen in \"Deutschen Reich\" und nach 1945","author":"Gross","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib24"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib28","first-page":"24","article-title":"Zahn\u00e4rzte als T\u00e4ter und Verfolgte im \u201eDritten Reich\u201c. Hintergr\u00fcnde und Erl\u00e4uterungen zur neuen zm-Reihe","volume":"110\/1","author":"Gross","year":"2020","journal-title":"Zahn\u00e4rztl Mitt"},{"year":"2019","series-title":"Der Anteil der NSDAP-Mitglieder unter den zahn\u00e4rztlichen Hochschullehrern (Dossier 1)","author":"Gross","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib30"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib29","series-title":"Zahn\u00e4rzte und Zahnheilkunde im \u201cDritten Reich\u201c. Eine Bestandsaufnahme","first-page":"285","article-title":"\u201cDie Grundfarbe der Geschichte ist grau [\u2026].\u201c Reinhold Ritter (1903-1987) \u2013 Leben und Rezeptionsgeschichte","author":"Gross","year":"2018"},{"year":"2004","series-title":"Biographisches Lexikon zur nationalsozialistischen Wissenschaftspolitik","author":"Gr\u00fcttner","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib31"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib32","article-title":"Nationalsozialistische Wissenschaftler: ein Kollektivportr\u00e4t","volume":"vols. 149\u2013165","author":"Gr\u00fcttner","year":"2010"},{"year":"1955","series-title":"Wer ist wer? Das Deutsche Who\u2019s who","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib33"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1038\/s41415-019-0992-1","article-title":"\u201cIt's all over now.\u201d the dentist Helmut Kunz and the killing of the children of Joseph Goebbels","volume":"227","author":"Heit","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brit Dent J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib35","series-title":"Handbuch des politischen Systems \u00d6sterreichs: Erste Republik 1918\u20131933","first-page":"231","article-title":"Die nationalsozialistische Partei","author":"Jagschitz","year":"1995"},{"year":"2000","series-title":"\u00c4rzte als Hitlers Helfer","author":"Kater","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib36"},{"year":"1945","series-title":"Das Personenlexikon zum Dritten Reich: Wer war was vor und nach","author":"Klee","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib37"},{"year":"1967","series-title":"Professor Dr. med. dent. h. c. Christian Bruhn und die Begr\u00fcndung der Westdeutschen Kieferklinik","author":"Mayer","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib38"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib39","article-title":"Georg Axhausen 1877-1960","volume":"vol. 17","author":"Mostofi","year":"2005"},{"year":"1982","series-title":"Die Mitl\u00e4uferfabrik: Die Entnazifizierung am Beispiel Bayerns","author":"Niethammer","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib40"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2014.08.003","article-title":"Pioneer steps in correcting secondary cleft lip and palate deformities: my philosophy and procedures","volume":"42","author":"Obwegeser","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"year":"2017","series-title":"Zwangssterilisation bei Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumenspalten. Zahn\u00e4rztliches und kieferchirurgisches Handeln im Nationalsozialismus","author":"Paprotka","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib42"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib43","article-title":"Nazi dentists on trial. On the political complicity of a longneglected group","volume":"44\/1-2, 100710","author":"Rinnen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endeavour"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-5182(88)80017-9","article-title":"The dentist as a Plastic surgeon (Hugo Ganzer 1879-1960)","volume":"16","author":"Rittersma","year":"1988","journal-title":"J\u00a0Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(84)90255-X","article-title":"Oral surgeon to sigmund freud","volume":"57","author":"Romm","year":"1984","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib47","first-page":"62","article-title":"Injuries of the facial skeleton","volume":"2","author":"Schuchardt","year":"1966","journal-title":"Mod Trends Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib48","first-page":"677","article-title":"Hermann Euler als Repr\u00e4sentant der zahn\u00e4rztlichen Wissenschaft w\u00e4hrend der NS-Zeit","volume":"60","author":"Staehle","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dtsch Zahn\u00e4rztl Z"},{"year":"1925","series-title":"K\u00fcrschners deutscher Gelehrtenkalender: bio-bibliographisches Verzeichnis deutschsprachiger Wissenschaftler der Gegenwart","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib49"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib50","series-title":"Zahn\u00e4rzte und Zahnheilkunde im \u201cDritten Reich\u201c. Eine Bestandsaufnahme (= Medizin und Nationalsozialismus, 6)","first-page":"169","article-title":"Das Fach Kieferchirurgie und die \u201crassenhygienische Ausmerze\u201c der Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumenspalten","author":"Thieme","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib51","first-page":"28","article-title":"Zahnmedizin und Rassenhygiene: LippenKiefer-Gaumen-Spalten als Anlass f\u00fcr Sterilisierung und Euthanasie","volume":"33","author":"Uhlemann","year":"1990","journal-title":"Der Artikulator \u2013 Z f\u00fcr kritische Zahnmedizin"},{"year":"1931","series-title":"1930-1931. Reichshandbuch der Deutschen Gesellschaft. Das Handbuch der Pers\u00f6nlichkeiten in Wort und Bild","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib52"},{"year":"1939","series-title":"Lehrbuch der praktischen Chirurgie des Mundes und der Kiefer, Band 2","author":"Wassmund","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib53"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib54","series-title":"Zahn\u00e4rzte und Zahnheilkunde im \u201cDritten Reich\u201c. Eine Bestandsaufnahme (= Medizin und Nationalsozialismus, 6)","first-page":"93","article-title":"Der Zahnarzt in der Waffen-SS \u2013 organisation und Arbeitsfeld","author":"Westemeier","year":"2018"},{"year":"2000","series-title":"\u201cBiologische\u201c Zahnmedizin im Nationalsozialismus - Entwurf und Entwicklung einer 'neuen deutschen Zahnheilkunde' zwischen 1933 und 1945 und ihre Beziehung zur alternativganzheitlichen Zahnmedizin von heute","author":"Wundrich","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014_bib55"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1010518221000019?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1010518221000019?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T14:44:00Z","timestamp":1760885040000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1010518221000019"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1010518221000019"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["1010-5182"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1010-5182"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Maxillofacial surgeons in the Third Reich and their connection to National Socialism","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.12.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}