{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T10:41:47Z","timestamp":1789468907595,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]],"date-time":"2024-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T06:58:05Z","timestamp":1732777085000},"page":"162-180","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Radiographic findings predictive of obstructive sleep apnea in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3343-2261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sobhi","family":"Kazmouz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Calzadilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5680-7327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akriti","family":"Choudhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7106-398X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lander Scotte","family":"McGinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3454-268X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Austin","family":"Seaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8540-6269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chad A.","family":"Purnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2009.09.087","article-title":"Three-dimensional computed tomographic analysis of airway anatomy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"68","author":"Abramson","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-011-0528-7","article-title":"Analysis of anatomical and functional determinants of obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"16","author":"Aihara","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sleep Breath."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-011-0528-7","article-title":"Analysis of anatomical and functional determinants of obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"16","author":"Aihara","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sleep Breath."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-010-1448-z","article-title":"The comparison of cephalometric characteristics in nonobese obstructive sleep apnea subjects and primary snorers cephalometric measures in nonobese OSA and primary snorers","volume":"268","author":"Akpinar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Oto-Rhino-Laryngol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2008.08.001","article-title":"Epidemiology, risk factors, and consequences of obstructive sleep apnea and short sleep duration","volume":"51","author":"Al Lawati","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2008.08.001","article-title":"Epidemiology, risk factors, and consequences of obstructive sleep apnea and short sleep duration","volume":"51","author":"Al Lawati","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib7","first-page":"115","article-title":"Cephalometric evaluation of pharyngeal obstructive factors in patients with sleep apneas syndrome","volume":"60","author":"Bacon","year":"1990","journal-title":"Angle Orthod."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib8","first-page":"115","article-title":"Cephalometric evaluation of pharyngeal obstructive factors in patients with sleep apneas syndrome - PubMed","volume":"60","author":"Bacon","year":"1990","journal-title":"Angle Orthod."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib9","first-page":"89","article-title":"Cranial base and airway morphology in adult malays with obstructive sleep apnoea - PubMed","volume":"23","author":"Banabilh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aust. Orthod. J."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-013-0830-7","article-title":"Lateral cephalometric analysis and the risks of moderate to severe obstructive sleep-disordered breathing in Thai patients","volume":"17","author":"Banhiran","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sleep Breath."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wjorl.2017.05.002","article-title":"Anatomic measures of upper airway structures in obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"3","author":"Barrera","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1053\/radi.2000.0280","article-title":"A cephalometric comparison of normal weight and obese subjects with obstructive sleep apnoea","volume":"6","author":"Battagel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Radiography"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1053\/radi.2000.0280","article-title":"A cephalometric comparison of normal weight and obese subjects with obstructive sleep apnoea","volume":"6","author":"Battagel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Radiography"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9290.94566","article-title":"Evaluation of craniofacial morphology in patients with obstructive sleep apnea using lateral cephalometry and dynamic MRI","volume":"22","author":"Bharadwaj","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J. Dent. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.113.1.111","article-title":"CT in the evaluation of the upper airway in healthy subjects and in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome","volume":"113","author":"Caballero","year":"1998","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2007.04.024","article-title":"Craniofacial abnormalities in Chinese patients with obstructive and positional sleep apnea","volume":"9","author":"Chang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1002\/kjm2.12130","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea treatment in adults","volume":"36","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2016.01.022","article-title":"Three-dimensional imaging of the upper airway anatomy in obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.20170238","article-title":"Analyses of aerodynamic characteristics of the oropharynx applying CBCT: obstructive sleep apnea patients versus control subjects","volume":"47","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofacial Radiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.20170238","article-title":"Analyses of aerodynamic characteristics of the oropharynx applying CBCT: obstructive sleep apnea patients versus control subjects","volume":"47","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofacial Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib21","unstructured":"Covidence systematic review software, Veritas Health Innovation, Melbourne, Australia. Available at www.covidence.org. (n.d.)."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib22","article-title":"Upper airway dynamic imaging during tidal breathing in awake and asleep subjects with obstructive sleep apnea and healthy controls","volume":"6","author":"Darquenne","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys. Rep."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-023-02810-7","article-title":"Worldwide prevalence and associated risk factors of obstructive sleep apnea: a meta-analysis and meta-regression","volume":"27","author":"de Araujo Dantas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sleep Breath."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.029400","article-title":"Sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease","volume":"136","author":"Drager","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-015-1297-5","article-title":"Computed tomography cephalometric and upper airway measurements in patients with OSA and erectile dysfunction","volume":"20","author":"Drakatos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sleep Breath."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2017.09.002","article-title":"Pharyngeal airspace of asthmatic individuals and those suffering from obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: study by CBCT","volume":"95","author":"Dultra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2017.09.002","article-title":"Pharyngeal airspace of asthmatic individuals and those suffering from obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: study by CBCT","volume":"95","author":"Dultra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2016.12.003","article-title":"Phenotypic approaches to obstructive sleep apnoea \u2013 new pathways for targeted therapy","volume":"37","author":"Eckert","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2009.09.033","article-title":"Comparison of cone-beam CT parameters and sleep questionnaires in sleep apnea patients and control subjects","volume":"109","author":"Enciso","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.2739\/kurumemedj.42.231","article-title":"Morphological analysis by lateral cephalography of sleep apnea syndrome in 53 patients","volume":"42","author":"Esaki","year":"1995","journal-title":"Kurume Med. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.34172\/joddd.2022.003","article-title":"Comparison of superior airway dimensions and cephalometric anatomic landmarks between 8-12-year-old children with obstructive sleep apnea and healthy children using CBCT images","volume":"16","author":"Esmaeili","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res. Dent. Clin. Dent. Prospects"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060520926010","article-title":"Risk factors and fraction of exhaled nitric oxide in obstructive sleep apnea in adults","volume":"48","author":"Feng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Int. Med. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988108900609","article-title":"Surgical correction of anatomic azbnormalities in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: uvulopalatopharyngoplasty","volume":"89","author":"Fujita","year":"1981","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(66)90117-X","article-title":"Polygraphic study of the episodic diurnal and nocturnal (hypnic and respiratory) manifestations of the pickwick syndrome","volume":"1","author":"Gastaut","year":"1966","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.4078","article-title":"Upper airway collapsibility is associated with obesity and hyoid position","volume":"37","author":"Genta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.4078","article-title":"Upper airway collapsibility is associated with obesity and hyoid position","volume":"37","author":"Genta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib37","article-title":"Impact of surgical maxillomandibular advancement upon pharyngeal airway volume and the apnoea\u2013hypopnoea index in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Giralt-Hernando","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open Respir. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib38","article-title":"Impact of surgical maxillomandibular advancement upon pharyngeal airway volume and the apnoea\u2013hypopnoea index in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Giralt-Hernando","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open Respir. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-5182(97)80073-X","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome: results and conclusions of a principal component analysis","volume":"25","author":"Hierl","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Cranio-Maxillo-Fac. Surg."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2842.2003.01130.x","article-title":"Craniofacial morphology and obstructive sleep apnoea: a cephalometric analysis","volume":"30","author":"Hoekema","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Oral Rehabil."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2009.11.003","article-title":"Maxillomandibular advancement for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Holty","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1159\/000097790","article-title":"Clinical, anthropometric and upper airway anatomic characteristics of obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome","volume":"74","author":"Hora","year":"2007","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1843.2001.00325.x","article-title":"Craniofacial abnormalities in Japanese patients with severe obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome","volume":"6","author":"Ito","year":"2001","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib44","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea and obesity: implications for public Health","volume":"1","author":"Jehan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Disord. : Int. J."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2391(98)90459-1","article-title":"The influence of craniofacial structure on obstructive sleep apnea in young adults","volume":"56","author":"Johns","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2010.535561","article-title":"Upper airway changes in severe obstructive sleep apnea: upper airway length and volumetric analyses using 3D MDCT","volume":"131","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsy198","article-title":"Displacement of the hyoid bone by muscle paralysis and lung volume increase: the effects of obesity and obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"42","author":"Kohno","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsy198","article-title":"Displacement of the hyoid bone by muscle paralysis and lung volume increase: the effects of obesity and obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"42","author":"Kohno","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.12598","article-title":"Assessment by airway ellipticity on cine-MRI to differentiate severe obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"12","author":"Kojima","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Res. J"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.15004","article-title":"Comparison of hyoid bone morphology between obstructive sleep apnea patients and healthy individuals","volume":"75","author":"Kurbanova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pract."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(95)70101-X","article-title":"Cephalometric and computed tomographic predictors of obstructive sleep apnea severity","volume":"107","author":"Lowe","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(95)70101-X","article-title":"Cephalometric and computed tomographic predictors of obstructive sleep apnea severity","volume":"107","author":"Lowe","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(96)80043-6","article-title":"Cephalometric comparisons of craniofacial and upper airway structure by skeletal subtype and gender in patients with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"110","author":"Lowe","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(86)90108-3","article-title":"Facial morphology and obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"90","author":"Lowe","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases9040088","article-title":"Association and risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Mitra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diseases"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2019.08.005","article-title":"Evaluation of upper airway volume and craniofacial volumetric structures in obstructive sleep apnoea adults: a descriptive CBCT study","volume":"17","author":"Mouhanna-Fattal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. Orthod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2016.01.007","article-title":"Craniofacial and upper airway morphology in adult obstructive sleep apnea patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cephalometric studies","volume":"31","author":"Neelapu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2019.05.039","article-title":"MRI-based methodology to monitor the impact of positional changes on the airway caliber in obstructive sleep apnea patients","volume":"61","author":"Nguyen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200204000-00023","article-title":"Airway assessment by volumetric computed tomography in snorers and subjects with obstructive sleep apnea in a Far-East Asian population (Chinese)","volume":"112","author":"Nh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib60","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"n71","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(96)70123-3","article-title":"Cephalometric assessment in obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"109","author":"Pracharktam","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-0360","article-title":"Interactions between obesity and obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"137","author":"Romero-Corral","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.99.13240399","article-title":"Cephalometric abnormalities in non-obese and obese patients with obstructive sleep apnoea","volume":"13","author":"Sakakibara","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.99.13240399","article-title":"Cephalometric abnormalities in non-obese and obese patients with obstructive sleep apnoea","volume":"13","author":"Sakakibara","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.152.5.7582313","article-title":"Upper airway and soft tissue anatomy in normal subjects and patients with sleep-disordered breathing. Significance of the lateral pharyngeal walls","volume":"152","author":"Schwab","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200208-866OC","article-title":"Identification of upper airway anatomic risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea with volumetric magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"168","author":"Schwab","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200208-866OC","article-title":"Identification of upper airway anatomic risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea with volumetric magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"168","author":"Schwab","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib68","first-page":"321","article-title":"Characterization of upper airway obstruction by fiber-optic nasolaryngoscopy and MRI in preoperative OSAHS patients","volume":"76","author":"Shi","year":"2014","journal-title":"ORL (Oto-Rhino-Laryngol.) (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib69","article-title":"ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions","volume":"355","author":"Sterne","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68S","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000794868.07051.b4","article-title":"The level of evidence pyramid: indicating levels of evidence in plastic and reconstructive surgery articles","volume":"148","author":"Sullivan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2846","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2010.06.196","article-title":"Cephalometric measurement of upper airway length correlates with the presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"68","author":"Susarla","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599812459461","article-title":"The application of CT to localize the upper airway obstruction plane in patients with OSAHS","volume":"147","author":"Tang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(92)70128-W","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea subtypes by cluster analysis","volume":"101","author":"Tsuchiya","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12666","article-title":"Cephalometric, muscular and swallowing changes in patients with OSAS","volume":"45","author":"Valarelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Oral Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib75","author":"Wells"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000101686.98973.A3","article-title":"Obesity, sleep apnea, and hypertension","volume":"42","author":"Wolk","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.124.1.212","article-title":"Cephalometric analysis in obese and nonobese patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome","volume":"124","author":"Yu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chest"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1010518224003056?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1010518224003056?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T01:56:11Z","timestamp":1738115771000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1010518224003056"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1010518224003056"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1010-5182"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1010-5182","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Radiographic findings predictive of obstructive sleep apnea in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcms.2024.11.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}