{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T12:14:55Z","timestamp":1790424895480,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T21:17:48Z","timestamp":1785791868000},"page":"109845","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pilot Study for Validation of Stereophotogrammetric and Mobile LiDAR Facial Scanning Against Vernier Caliper Measurements"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Luyuan","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1135-7676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruiming","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueyuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9538-7134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Songhang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"70 83","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib1","article-title":"Urban tree species mapping using hyperspectral and lidar data fusion","volume":"148","author":"Alonzo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2626","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_64_20","article-title":"Three dimensional (3D) imaging techniques in orthodontics-An update","volume":"9","author":"Alshammery","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Fam. Med. Prim. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6488","DOI":"10.3390\/app13116488","article-title":"Review of scanning and pixel array-based LiDAR point-cloud measurement techniques to capture 3D shape or motion","volume":"13","author":"Altuntas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5061","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16245061","article-title":"The accuracy of digital face scans obtained from 3D scanners: an in vitro study","volume":"16","author":"Amornvit","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.2186\/jpr.JPR_D_22_00107","article-title":"Facial scanning technologies in the era of digital workflow: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"67","author":"Antonacci","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Prosthodont Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2023.08.032","article-title":"Virtual facebow techniques: a scoping review","volume":"134","author":"Avelino","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Prosthet. Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-2716(99)00015-5","article-title":"Airborne laser scanning: basic relations and formulas","volume":"54","author":"Baltsavias","year":"1999","journal-title":"Isprs J Photogramm"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib8","article-title":"Three-dimensional accuracy of facial scan for facial deformities in clinics: a new evaluation method for facial scanner accuracy","volume":"12","author":"Bencharit","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17010095","article-title":"Children with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS): 3D-analysis of palatal depth and 3D-Metric facial length","volume":"17","author":"Blanck-Lubarsch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2017.08.008","article-title":"Validation of the vectra H1 portable three-dimensional photogrammetry system for facial imaging","volume":"47","author":"Camison","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3090","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12093090","article-title":"Accuracy between 2D photography and dual-structured light 3D facial scanner for facial anthropometry: a clinical study","volume":"12","author":"Cascos","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2021.112477","article-title":"Modelling lidar-derived estimates of forest attributes over space and time: a review of approaches and future trends","volume":"260","author":"Coops","year":"2021","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib13","article-title":"A prospective study comparing adolescent and post-adolescent periods regarding effects of activator appliance in patients with class II mandibular retrognathia by using 3dMDface analysis and cephalometry","volume":"26","author":"Coskun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Monit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.18494\/SAM4211","article-title":"A review of indoor automation modeling based on light detection and ranging point clouds","volume":"35","author":"Cui","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sensor. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.2319\/040921-290.1","article-title":"A comparison between stereophotogrammetry and smartphone structured light technology for three-dimensional face scanning","volume":"92","author":"D'Ettorre","year":"2022","journal-title":"Angle Orthod."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2024.01.025","article-title":"Fabrication of digital complete dentures guided by facial scanning with a device for recording the maxillomandibular relation: a dental technique","volume":"134","author":"De Sousa","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Prosthet. Dent"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.09.007","article-title":"Influence of head circumference on the accuracy of facial scanning: an in vitro study","volume":"75","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. Dent. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13498","article-title":"In vivo accuracy of tooth surface reconstruction based on CBCT and dental MRI\u2014A clinical pilot study","volume":"30","author":"Hilgenfeld","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Implants Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12955","article-title":"An overview of three-dimensional imaging devices in dentistry","volume":"34","author":"Hou","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Esthetic Restor. Dent."},{"issue":"1 16","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib20","article-title":"A review and perspective on optical phased array for automotive LiDAR","volume":"27","author":"Hsu","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. Electron."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2020.11.006","article-title":"Lidar sheds new light on plant phenomics for plant breeding and management: recent advances and future prospects","volume":"171","author":"Jin","year":"2021","journal-title":"ISPRS J Photogramm"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.12379","article-title":"The virtual patient in dental medicine","volume":"26","author":"Joda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Implants Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-021-00895-3","article-title":"Nanophotonics for light detection and ranging technology","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2010.175","article-title":"Time-of-flight measurement with femtosecond light pulses","volume":"4","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Photonics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.3390\/prosthesis4040053","article-title":"Facial scanners in dentistry: an overview","volume":"4","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prosthesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib27","article-title":"A progress review on solid-state LiDAR and nanophotonics-based LiDAR sensors","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Laser Photon. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S76","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000000813","article-title":"The application of three-dimensional surface imaging system in plastic and reconstructive surgery","volume":"77","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Plast. Surg."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1869","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000005795","article-title":"Comparison of three-dimensional surface imaging systems using landmark analysis","volume":"30","author":"Liberton","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Craniofac. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.13450","article-title":"The application of 3D dense face alignment in esthetic rehabilitation","volume":"31","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Prosthodont."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5354","DOI":"10.3390\/app10155354","article-title":"How to obtain an orthodontic virtual patient through superimposition of three-dimensional data: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Marradi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Sci.-Basel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.13644","article-title":"Three\u2010dimensional stereophotogrammetry facial morphologic signatures of temporomandibular disorders","volume":"56","author":"Mei","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Oral Pathol. Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2023.103605","article-title":"Virtual patients, digital twins and causal disease models: paving the ground for in silico clinical trials","volume":"28","author":"Moingeon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Today"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2023.02.023","article-title":"Face oriented digital workflow for transferring intraoral and extraoral data of edentulous arch rehabilitated with multiple implants: a clinical technique","volume":"133","author":"Nuytens","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Prosthet. Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105639","article-title":"Trueness and precision of a handheld, a desktop and a mobile 3D face scanning system: an in vitro study","volume":"155","author":"Nuytens","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Dent."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.106029","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of mesh density and 3D accuracy in stationary, handheld, and Mobile facial scanning systems: an in vitro study","volume":"162","author":"Nuytens","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Dent."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erl142","article-title":"3D lidar imaging for detecting and understanding plant responses and canopy structure","volume":"58","author":"Omasa","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.2319\/092720-823.1","article-title":"Comparison of the accuracy of digital face scans obtained by two different scanners","volume":"91","author":"Pellitteri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Angle Orthod."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib38","article-title":"3D photogrammetry-driven craniofacial analysis in orthodontics: a scoping review of recent applications","volume":"12","author":"Pui Ki","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bioengineering-Basel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6501\/ab727f","article-title":"Non-intrusive measurements of free-water-surface profiles and fluctuations of turbulent, two-phase flow using 2-D laser scanner","volume":"31","author":"Rak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Meas. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib40","article-title":"Facial scans in clinical dentistry and related research: a scoping review","volume":"17","author":"Shuto","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cureus J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2024.105553","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of the accuracy of two face scanners with different scanning technologies","volume":"153","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Dent."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1007\/s40846-023-00817-9","article-title":"Accuracy comparison of 3D face scans obtained by portable stereophotogrammetry and smartphone applications","volume":"43","author":"Van Lint","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Med. Biol. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2012.02.001","article-title":"Lidar sampling for large-area forest characterization: a review","volume":"121","author":"Wulder","year":"2012","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Environ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib44","first-page":"1","article-title":"LXL: LiDAR excluded lean 3D object detection with 4D imaging radar and camera","volume":"9","author":"Xiong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fusion. Ithaca"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2835","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14122835","article-title":"A review of multi-sensor fusion SLAM systems based on 3D LIDAR","volume":"14","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Remote Sens."}],"container-title":["Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1010518226054028?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1010518226054028?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T01:45:23Z","timestamp":1788486323000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1010518226054028"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1010518226054028"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845","relation":{},"ISSN":["1010-5182"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1010-5182","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pilot Study for Validation of Stereophotogrammetric and Mobile LiDAR Facial Scanning Against Vernier Caliper Measurements","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcms.2026.109845","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109845"}}