{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T18:34:19Z","timestamp":1770143659510,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Communication Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]],"date-time":"2024-08-08T00:53:05Z","timestamp":1723078385000},"page":"106454","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Narrative reconstruction in deaf and hearing children: A comparative study in the context of Arabic diglossia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2926-4483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dr. Hashemiah","family":"Almusawi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dr. Bader","family":"Alqallaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dr. Amnah","family":"Hafsyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/eni007","article-title":"Arabic sign language: A perspective","volume":"10","author":"Abdel-Fattah","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.4236\/ce.2022.131016","article-title":"The influence of Diglossia on syntactic proficiency in modern standard Arabic among regular and struggling readers","volume":"13","author":"Abu-Rabia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Creative Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0003","series-title":"Students\u2019 and teachers\u2019 attitudes towards Kuwaiti\/English code-switching","author":"Akbar","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0004","series-title":"Modern Arabic sociolinguistics: Diglossia, variation, codeswitching, attitudes and identity","author":"Albirini","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0005","series-title":"The teaching of Arabic as a foreign language. Issues and directions","first-page":"115","article-title":"Issues in the teaching of the productive skills in Arabic","author":"Al-Batal","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0006","series-title":"Sign languages (Cambridge language surveys","first-page":"433","article-title":"Sign languages in the Arab world","author":"Al-Fityani","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0007","series-title":"The Kuwaiti dialect; A documentation journey","author":"Al-Hamad","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0008","series-title":"The role of phonology, morphology, and dialect in reading Arabic among hearing and deaf children","author":"Almusawi","year":"2014"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0009","first-page":"1","article-title":"Determinants of spelling proficiency in hearing and deaf graduate students: The presentation of medial glottal stop","volume":"6","author":"Almusawi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ampersand Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.2478\/jesr-2019-0030","article-title":"Linguistic awareness and knowledge among prospective english teachers in Kuwait: Implications in inclusive classrooms","volume":"9","author":"Almusawi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Educational and Social Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1177\/00238309221097714","article-title":"Factors affecting the writing performance in hearing and deaf children: An insight into regularities and irregularities of the Arabic orthographic system","volume":"66","author":"Almusawi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Language and Speech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.104089","article-title":"Disparities in health literacy during the COVID-19 pandemic between the hearing and deaf communities","volume":"119","author":"Almusawi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Research In Developmental Disabilities"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0013","first-page":"149","article-title":"The satisfaction level of parents in Kuwait regarding the linguistic, academic, and social performance of their children with cochlear implants","volume":"7","author":"Almusawi","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0014","series-title":"Reading ability and diglossia in Kuwaiti primary schools","author":"Ali","year":"2014"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0015","first-page":"26","article-title":"The extent of awareness of special education program teachers in Kuwait about the principle and dimensions of individualized education for students with special needs (In Arabic)","volume":"17","author":"Alqallaf","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0016","series-title":"Encyclopedia of Kuwaiti Dialect","author":"Al-Rashid","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0017","series-title":"Modern methods and theories in teaching deaf students","author":"Alduokhi","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0018","series-title":"Al-Qamus al-Muhit (The comprehensive dictionary)","author":"Alfayrouzabadi","year":"1986"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/env005","article-title":"The contribution of verbal working memory to deaf children's oral and written production","volume":"20","author":"Arfe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0020","series-title":"Mustawayat al-'Arabiyya al-mu'asira fi Misr (The levels of modern Arabic in Egypt)","author":"Badawi","year":"1973"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0021","series-title":"Modern written Arabic: A comprehensive grammar","author":"Badawi","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0022","series-title":"Arabic sociolinguistics","author":"Bassiouney","year":"2009"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-7393.22.2.309","article-title":"New evidence for phonological processing during visual word recognition: The case of Arabic","volume":"22","author":"Bentin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0024","series-title":"Relating events in narrative: A crosslinguistic developmental study","author":"Berman","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0026","series-title":"Contributions to Arabic linguistics","article-title":"Stylistic variations in spoken Arabic: A sample of interdialectal educated conversation","author":"Blanc","year":"1960"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2013.03.003","article-title":"Expressive vocabulary, morphology, syntax and narrative skills in profoundly deaf children after early cochlear implantation","volume":"34","author":"Boons","year":"2013","journal-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1080\/01690960500139363","article-title":"Grammatical processing in American Sign Language: Age of first-language acquisition effects in relation to syntactic structure","volume":"21","author":"Boudreault","year":"2006","journal-title":"Language and Cognitive Processes"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1086\/448619","article-title":"The narrative construction of reality","volume":"18","author":"Bruner","year":"1991","journal-title":"Critical Inquiry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0030","series-title":"Language acquisition by eye","article-title":"Theorizing about the relation between American Sign Language and reading","author":"Chamberlain","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1017\/S014271640808017X","article-title":"American sign language syntactic and narrative comprehension in skilled and less skilled readers: Bilingual and bimodal evidence for the linguistic basis of reading","volume":"29","author":"Chamberlain","year":"2008","journal-title":"Applied Psycholinguistics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1097\/00003446-200110000-00003","article-title":"Analysis of narrative ability in children with cochlear implants","volume":"22","author":"Crosson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ear and Hearing"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1044\/2020_AJSLP-19-00168","article-title":"Children's English consonant acquisition in the United States: A review","volume":"29","author":"Crowe","year":"2020","journal-title":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0034","series-title":"Language, power and pedagogy: Bilingual children in the crossfire","author":"Cummins","year":"2000"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1177\/001316446002000104","article-title":"A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales","volume":"20","author":"Cohen","year":"1960","journal-title":"Educational and Psychological Measurement"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1080\/026432996381791","article-title":"Phonological dyslexia: Past and future issues","volume":"13","author":"Coltheart","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cognitive Neuropsychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/ent045","article-title":"Spoken English language development among native signing children with cochlear implants","volume":"19","author":"Davidson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13481","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.13481","article-title":"Exposure to sign language prior and after cochlear implantation increases language and cognitive skills in deaf children","author":"Delcenserie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Developmental Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0039","series-title":"Peabody picture vocabulary test-revised","author":"Dunn","year":"1981"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1080\/00437956.1959.11659702","article-title":"Diglossia","volume":"15","author":"Ferguson","year":"1959","journal-title":"Word"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/09500780208666816","article-title":"Word segmentation in early written narratives","volume":"1","author":"Ferreiro","year":"2002","journal-title":"Language and Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2003\/053)","article-title":"Children's story retelling under different modality and task conditions: Implications for standardizing language sampling procedures","volume":"12","author":"Gazella","year":"2003","journal-title":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46S","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AUD.0000051689.57380.1B","article-title":"Language skills of children with early cochlear implantation","volume":"24","author":"Geers","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ear and Hearing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0044","series-title":"The test of narrative language","author":"Gillam","year":"2004"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1111\/0938-8982.00022","article-title":"How do profoundly deaf children learn to read?","volume":"16","author":"Goldin-Meadow","year":"2001","journal-title":"Learning Disabilities Research & Practice"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2005.06.002","article-title":"The effects of spelling consistency on phonological awareness: A comparison of English and German","volume":"92","author":"Goswami","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/enn009","article-title":"The relationship between the reading and signing skills of deaf children in bilingual education programs","volume":"13","author":"Hermans","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0048","series-title":"Language development","author":"Hoff","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0049","series-title":"Language acquisition by eye","first-page":"143","article-title":"A piece of the puzzle: ASL and reading comprehension in deaf children","author":"Hoffmeister","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0050","series-title":"Modern Arabic: Structures, functions, and varieties","author":"Holes","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0051","series-title":"Lisan Al-Arab (The Arab tongue, In Arabic)","author":"Ibn Manzur","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0052","series-title":"Clinical approaches to emergent literacy intervention","author":"Justice","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2016.09.010","article-title":"Narrative skills in deaf children who use spoken English: Dissociations between macro and microstructural devices","volume":"59","author":"Jones","year":"2016","journal-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1353\/aad.2021.0005","article-title":"The experiences of and teaching strategies for deaf and hard of hearing foreign language learners: A systematic review of the literature","volume":"165","author":"Kang","year":"2021","journal-title":"American Annals of the Deaf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0055","article-title":"Evaluation devices in the narratives of deaf\/hard of hearing and hearing Arabic-speaking adolescents","author":"Kawar","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0056","series-title":"Teaching deaf learners: Psychological and developmental foundations","author":"Knoors","year":"2014"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","article-title":"The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data","volume":"33","author":"Landis","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1037\/a0029558","article-title":"Language and literacy development of deaf and hard-of-hearing children: Successes and challenges","volume":"49","author":"Lederberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0060","series-title":"Language education and human development: Arabic diglossia and its impact on the quality of education in the Arab region. The Mediterranean development forum","author":"Maamouri","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0061","first-page":"381","article-title":"MTLD, vocd-D, and HD-D: A validation study of sophisticated approaches to lexical diversity assessment","volume":"42","author":"McCarthy","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0062","series-title":"Raising and educating a deaf child: A comprehensive guide to the choices, controversies, and decisions faced by parents and educators","author":"Marschark","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0063","series-title":"Deaf cognition: Foundations and outcomes","author":"Marschark","year":"2008"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1353\/aad.2008.0003","article-title":"Understanding communication among deaf students who sign and speak: A trivial pursuit?","volume":"152","author":"Marschark","year":"2007","journal-title":"American Annals of the Deaf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0065","series-title":"Educating deaf students: From research to practice","author":"Marschark","year":"2002"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1017\/S0142716407070294","article-title":"When timing is everything: Age of first-language acquisition effects on second-language learning","volume":"28","author":"Mayberry","year":"2007","journal-title":"Applied Psycholinguistics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-934X(03)00137-8","article-title":"Age constraints on first versus second language acquisition: Evidence for linguistic plasticity and epigenesis","volume":"87","author":"Mayberry","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain and Language"},{"issue":"6884","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1038\/417038a","article-title":"Linguistic ability and early language exposure","volume":"417","author":"Mayberry","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/4.1.37","article-title":"Shaping at the point of utterance: An investigation of the composing processes of the deaf student writer","volume":"4","author":"Mayer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/enm020","article-title":"What really matters in the early literacy development of deaf children","volume":"12","author":"Mayer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0071","series-title":"Patterns of narrative discourse. A multicultural, lifespan approach","author":"McCabe","year":"2003"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1044\/2015_LSHSS-14-0070","article-title":"The effects of visual stimuli on the spoken narrative performance of school-age African American children","volume":"46","author":"Mills","year":"2015","journal-title":"Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog1401_2","article-title":"Maturational constraints on language learning","volume":"14","author":"Newport","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cognitive Science"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.451","article-title":"Spoken language development in children following cochlear implantation","volume":"303","author":"Niparko","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0075","series-title":"Deaf in America: Voices from a culture","author":"Padden","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0076","series-title":"Language disorders from infancy through adolescence: Listening, speaking, reading, writing, and communicating","author":"Paul","year":"2012"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1044\/lle19.4.119","article-title":"The narrative language measures: Tools for language screening, process monitoring, and intervention planning","volume":"19","author":"Petersen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Perspectives on Language Learning and Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0078","series-title":"Developmental psycholinguistics. Three ways of looking at a child's narrative","author":"Peterson","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0079","series-title":"Developing narrative structure","first-page":"29","article-title":"Linking children's connective use and narrative macrostructure","author":"Peterson","year":"1991"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1080\/15475441.2013.813828","article-title":"Universal reading processes are modulated by language and writing system","volume":"9","author":"Perfetti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Language Learning and Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0081","series-title":"Manual for Raven\u2019s Progressive Matrices and Mill Hill Vocabulary Scales","author":"Raven","year":"1981"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0082","first-page":"384","article-title":"The effect of narrative language intervention on the language skills of children with hearing loss","volume":"6","author":"Raymond","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hearing and Hearing Disorders in Childhood"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.12046","article-title":"Linguistic and pragmatic skills in toddlers with cochlear implant","volume":"48","author":"Rinaldi","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0084","series-title":"Sociolinguistics and deaf communities","author":"Schembri","year":"2015"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/eni029","article-title":"Comparing action gestures and classifier verbs of motion: Evidence from Australian Sign Language, Taiwan Sign Language, and nonsigners' gestures without speech","volume":"10","author":"Schembri","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2007.01004.x","article-title":"Language and theory of mind: A study of deaf children","volume":"78","author":"Schick","year":"2007","journal-title":"Child Development"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.17763\/haer.53.2.t6177w39817w2861","article-title":"Literacy and language: Relationships during the preschool years","volume":"53","author":"Snow","year":"1983","journal-title":"Harvard Educational Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0089","series-title":"Evidence-based practice in educating deaf and hard-of-hearing students","author":"Spencer","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0090","unstructured":"Stein, N., & Glenn, C. (1979). An analysis of story comprehension in elementary school children. In R. Freedle (Ed.), New directions in discourse processing, 2, 53-120. Ablex."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/enm017","article-title":"Reading comprehension of deaf children with cochlear implants","volume":"12","author":"Vermeulen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0092","series-title":"The Arabic language","author":"Versteegh","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0093","series-title":"Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes","author":"Vygotsky","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0095","series-title":"Language and reading disabilities","first-page":"157","article-title":"Assessing and remediating text comprehension problems","author":"Westby","year":"2005"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2010.03641.x","article-title":"Narrative skills following early confirmation of permanent childhood hearing impairment","volume":"52","author":"Worsfold","year":"2010","journal-title":"Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_bib0097","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2018.06.048","article-title":"The effects of narrative-based language intervention (NBLI) on spoken narrative structures in Persian-speaking cochlear implanted children: A prospective randomized control trial","volume":"112","author":"Zamani","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_fur1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2001\/022)","article-title":"Relationships among speech perception, production, language, hearing loss, and age in children with impaired hearing","volume":"44","author":"Blamey","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_fur2","series-title":"Language in the inner city: Studies in the black english vernacular","author":"Labov","year":"1972"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_fur3","series-title":"Advances in the sign language development of deaf children","author":"Schick","year":"2006"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454_fur4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/s11145-004-5894-0","article-title":"Reading comprehension of Dutch deaf children","volume":"19","author":"Wauters","year":"2006","journal-title":"Reading and Writing"}],"container-title":["Journal of Communication Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021992424000509?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021992424000509?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T02:08:03Z","timestamp":1737598083000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0021992424000509"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"references-count":97,"alternative-id":["S0021992424000509"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9924"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9924","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Narrative reconstruction in deaf and hearing children: A comparative study in the context of Arabic diglossia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Communication Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2024.106454","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106454"}}